2023 G20 New Delhi summit

The 2023 G20 New Delhi summit was the eighteenth meeting of the G20 (Group of Twenty), a Head of State and Government meeting held at Bharat Mandapam, Delhi. It was the first G20 summit held in India.^[3][9][10]

2023 G20 New Delhi summit 18th G20 Summit
← 17th 9–10 September 2023 19th →
Bharat Mandapam (Summit Venue)
Host country	India
Motto	Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (transl. One Earth, One Family, One Future)[A][1]
Venue(s)	Bharat Mandapam
Cities	New Delhi
Participants	G20 members Guest invitees:[2] Bangladesh, Mauritius, Oman, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Spain, Netherlands, Egypt, Nigeria Invited bodies: United Nations, African union, CDRI, ISA, ADB, IMF, World Bank, WTO, WHO, ILO, FSB, OECD, AUDA-NEPAD, ASEAN
Chair	Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India

Background

Originally, India was scheduled to host the G20 summit in 2021 and Italy in 2022. At the 2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit in Argentina, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he had requested Italy to host the summit in 2021 and allow India to host it in 2022, on the occasion of the 75th year of India's independence. Italy agreed to let India host the G20 summit in 2022 in its place, owing to the momentum in bilateral ties.^[11]

However, after a request made by Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi, India exchanged its presidency of the G20 with Indonesia because Indonesia would also chair the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2023.^[12]

Presidency

The G20 New Delhi Summit is chaired by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. India's presidency began on 1 December 2022, leading up to the summit in the third quarter of 2023. The presidency handover ceremony was held, in which the G20 Presidency gavel was transferred from Indonesian President Joko Widodo to Indian Prime Minister Modi at the close of the Bali summit. Indonesia held the presidency in 2022.^[13]

Indian Prime Minister Modi formally handed over the G20 presidency to Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, the President of Brazil. India will continue to hold the position until 30 November 2023.^[14]

Agenda priorities

G20 India has put forth six agenda priorities for the G20 dialogue in 2023:^[15]

• Green Development, Climate Finance & Life
• Accelerated, Inclusive & Resilient Growth
• Accelerating progress on SDGs
• Technological Transformation & Digital Public Infrastructure
• Multilateral Institutions for the 21st century
• Women-led development

In an interview on 26 August 2023, Prime Minister Modi expressed optimism about the G20 countries' evolving agenda under India's presidency, shifting toward a human-centric development approach that aligns with the concerns of the Global South, including addressing climate change, debt restructuring through the G20's Common Framework for Debt, and a strategy for regulation of global cryptocurrencies.^[16][17][18]

Preparations

The Government of India budgeted Rs. 990 crore (US$120 million) for the G20 events.^[19]

In the lead up to the G20 meeting, the Indian authorities, including the Archaeological Survey of India embarked on a mass demolition drive against homeless shelters and slum neighborhoods across New Delhi resulting in the eviction of its marginalized residents.^{[20][21][22][23]} The Indian government's Press Information Bureau rejected the claims, stating that the demolitions were conducted under Supreme Court and High Court orders, unrelated to the G20 summit.^[24] Structures near the summit site were removed for being illegal, after giving residents time to vacate. Other demolitions occurred in areas far from the G20 venue, also following court orders.^[25] According to the ‘Concerned Citizens’ collective, this resulted in the displacement of an estimated 0.25 to 0.3 million people.^[26] In Delhi alone, almost 25 slums were bulldozed to the ground, including settlements in Yamuna Bank, Tughlaqabad and Mehrauli, among others.^[26][27]

In the days prior to the summit, the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) placed life-size cutouts of langurs in several parts of the city to scare away the smaller rhesus macaque monkeys.^[28][29] While, the Municipal Corporation of Delhi rounded up almost 1,000 stray dogs and moved them to shelters in the run-up to the G20 summit.^[30][31]

For the security of the event, the government had deployed 130,000 security personnel, including 80,000 police officers from Delhi Police.^[32]

In the shutdown imposed on the 32 million people living in Delhi, all schools, offices, workplaces, marketplaces, restaurants and non-food shops were ordered to close for three days. Meanwhile, the movement on the roads was also restricted, all food deliveries were restricted in areas under NDMC and people were recommended to stay at home.^[33][34][35]

Participating leaders

The Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping decided to skip the summit in the Indian capital.^[36][37] Their places were taken up by Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov and Chinese premier Li Qiang, respectively.^[38][39]

• 
   Argentina
  Alberto Fernández, President
• 
   Australia
  Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister
• 
   Brazil
  Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President
• 
   Canada
  Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister
• 
   China
  Li Qiang, Premier^[40]
• 
  France
  Emmanuel Macron,
  President
• 
   Germany
  Olaf Scholz, Chancellor
• 
   India
  Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (Host)
• 
   Indonesia
  Joko Widodo, President,
  2023 Chairperson of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
• 
   Italy
  Giorgia Meloni, Prime Minister
• 
   Japan
  Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister
• 
   Mexico
  Raquel Buenrostro Sánchez,
  Minister of Economy^[41]
• 
   South Korea
  Yoon Suk-yeol, President
• 
   Russia
  Sergey Lavrov, Foreign Minister
• 
   Saudi Arabia
  Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister
• 
   South Africa
  Cyril Ramaphosa, President
• 
   Turkey
  Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, President
• 
   United Kingdom
  Rishi Sunak, Prime Minister
• 
   United States
  Joe Biden, President
• 
   European Union
  Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission
• 
   European Union
  Charles Michel, President of the European Council

Invited guests

• 
   Bangladesh
  Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister^[42][43]
• 
   Comoros
  Azali Assoumani, President,
  2023 Chairperson of the African Union
• 
   Egypt
  Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, President,^[42]
  2023 Chairperson of NEPAD
• 
   Mauritius
  Pravind Jugnauth, Prime Minister^[42]
• 
   Netherlands
  Mark Rutte, Prime Minister^[42]
• 
   Nigeria
  Bola Tinubu, President^[42][44][45]
• 
   Oman
  Asa'ad bin Tariq, Deputy Prime Minister^[42]
• 
   Singapore
  Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister^[42]
• 
   Spain
  Nadia Calviño, Deputy Prime Minister,^[42]
  Permanent guest invitee
• 
   United Arab Emirates
  Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President^[42]

Participating international organization guests

• 
  Asian Development Bank^[46]
  Masatsugu Asakawa, President
• 
  Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure^[42]
  Amit Prothi, Director General
• 
  Financial Stability Board^[42]
  Klaas Knot, Chair
• 
  International Monetary Fund^[42]
  Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director
• 
  International Labour Organization^[47]
  Gilbert Houngbo, Director-General
• 
  International Solar Alliance^[42]
  Ajay Mathur, Director-General
• 
  Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development^[46]
  Mathias Cormann, Secretary General
• 
   United Nations^[47]
  António Guterres, Secretary-General
• 
  World Bank^[46]
  Ajay Banga, President
• 
  World Health Organization^[46]
  Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General
• 
  World Trade Organization^[46]
  Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Director-General

Outcomes

Launch of the Global Biofuels Alliance at G20 New Delhi 2023

• The African Union joined the G20 as a permanent member, the first since the G20's formation in 1999.^[48]
• A new organization called the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA) was launched, to promote the development and adoption of sustainable biofuels, and set relevant standards and certification.^[49]
• The New Delhi Leaders Declaration was adopted with consensus.^[50][51]
• A group of countries made a joint agreement to build a rail and shipping corridor linking India with the Middle East and Europe called the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor. The group comprises India, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Israel and the European Union.^[52]

See also

• 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28)
• 49th G7 summit
• African Union

References

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Notes

1. literally mean 'The World Is One Family'