Nepenthes stenophylla

Nepenthes stenophylla /nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌstɛnoʊˈfɪlə/, or the narrow-leaved pitcher-plant,^[5] is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo and occurs at elevations of 900–2,100 m (3,000–7,000 ft).^[1][6] The species produces attractive funnel-shaped pitchers up to 25 cm high.^[7] It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.^[1] Nepenthes stenophylla belongs to the loosely defined "N. maxima complex", which also includes, among other species, N. boschiana, N. chaniana, N. epiphytica, N. eymae, N. faizaliana, N. fusca, N. klossii, N. maxima, N. platychila, and N. vogelii.^[8]

The illustration of N. stenophylla from Danser's 1928 monograph, based on the type specimen of N. fallax^[6]

Nepenthes stenophylla
Upper pitchers of N. stenophylla growing along a logging road to Mount Murud
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Nepenthaceae
Genus:	Nepenthes
Species:	N. stenophylla
Binomial name
Nepenthes stenophylla Mast. (1890)[2]
Synonyms
Synonyms Nepenthes alata auct. non Blanco: Smythies (1965) Nepenthes boschiana auct. non Korth.: Low (1848) [=N. boschiana/N. stenophylla] Nepenthes boschiana auct. non Korth.: Macfarl. (1908) [=N. boschiana/N. stenophylla] Nepenthes boschiana var. lowii Hook.f. (1873)[3] Nepenthes curtisii auct. non Mast.: J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996) Nepenthes fallax Beck (1895)[4] ?Nepenthes findlayana Hort.Williams ex Nichols. (1888) sphalm.typogr. ?Nepenthes fucosa S.Beckwith (1987) sphalm.typogr. Nepenthes fusca auct. non Danser: Sh.Kurata (1976) Nepenthes fusca subsp. apoensis J.H.Adam & Wilcock ex Jebb & Cheek (1997) nom.nud. Nepenthes lindleyana Low ex W.Baxt. (1850) nom.nud. Nepenthes maxima auct. non Reinw. ex Nees: Becc. (1886) [=N. boschiana/N. maxima/N. stenophylla/N. sumatrana] Nepenthes maxima var. lowii (Hook.f.) Becc. (1886) Nepenthes sandakanensis J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996) Nepenthes sandakanensis var. eglandulosa J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996) Nepenthes sandakanensis var. ferruginea J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996)

Nepenthes fallax

There has been confusion surrounding N. stenophylla and N. fallax^{[note a]} ever since the latter was first described. Nepenthes fallax matches N. stenophylla in most respects, except for the shape of the lid; the type specimen of N. fallax has an orbiculate lid, whereas that of N. stenophylla is narrow. However, the original description of N. stenophylla was based on a plant raised from seed in a greenhouse in England, and the narrow shape of the lid could be an aberrant characteristic resulting from artificial growing conditions.^[6]

In his seminal monograph "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies", B. H. Danser treated N. fallax as a heterotypic synonym of N. stenophylla.^[9] This interpretation has been supported by most subsequent authors.^{[6][7][10][11]} Jan Schlauer, however, considers the taxa as two separate species based on the shape of the lid.^[6][12][13] He suspects the taxon originally named as N. stenophylla may have later been named again as N. faizaliana.^[14]

Nepenthes fallax has a separate conservation status of Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.^[15]

Natural hybrids

The following natural hybrids involving N. stenophylla have been recorded.

• N. fusca × N. stenophylla^[16]
• N. lowii × N. stenophylla^[6]
• N. rajah × N. stenophylla^[6]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. stenophylla^[6]
• N. stenophylla × N. tentaculata^[6]
• N. stenophylla × N. veitchii^[6]

• 
  N. fusca ×N. stenophylla
• 
  N. reinwardtiana ×N. stenophylla

Notes

a.^{^} Nepenthes fallax is /nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˈfælæks/. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word fallax, meaning "spurious".