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The names used for some major European cities differ in different European and sometimes non-European languages. In some countries where there are two or more languages spoken, such as Belgium or Switzerland, dual forms may be used within the city itself, for example on signage. This is also the case in Ireland, despite a low level of actual usage of the Irish language. In other cases where a regional language is officially recognised, that form of the name may be used in the region, but not nationally. Examples include the Welsh language in Wales in the United Kingdom, and parts of Italy and Spain.
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2023) |
There is a slow trend to return to the local name, which has been going on for a long time.[citation needed] In English Livorno is now used, the old English form of Leghorn having become antiquated at least a century ago. In some cases, such as the replacement of Danzig with Gdansk, the official name has been changed more recently. Since 1995, the government of Ukraine has encouraged the use of Kyiv rather than Kiev.[1]
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| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
 Cádiz |
al-Qādis – قادس (Arabic*), Cadice (Italian*), Cadis (Catalan*, Valencian), Cádis (Portuguese*), Cadix (French*), Cadiz (German*, Romanian*), Cádiz (Spanish*), Gádeira – Γάδειρα (Ancient Greek*), Gadir – גדר (Phoenician*), Gēdeira – Γήδειρα (Ionian Greek*), Jiādesī – 加的斯 (Chinese*), Kadij – কাডিজ (Bengali*), Kadis – Кадис (Russian*), Kadiseu / K'adisŭ – 카디스 (Korean*), Kadisu – カディス (Japanese*), Kadiz (Albanian, Basque*, Ladino*, Maltese), Kadiz – Кадиз (Serbian*), Kadizo (Esperanto*), Kadyks (Polish*), Gàdé'ěr - 噶德尔 (Mandarin), Κάδιθ (Greek*), Gades (Latin*)
|
 Cagliari |
Cagliari (Dutch*, Italian*, Finnish*, Spanish*, Romanian*), Càller (Aragonese*, Catalan*), Caralis (Latin*), Casteddu (Sardinian*), Kagliari (Ladino*), Kaljari (Albanian, Maltese), Kaljari – Каљари (Serbian*) |
| Calahorra |
Calagorra (Aragonese*), Calagurris (Latin*), Calahorra (Dutch*, French*, Spanish*), Kalaora – Калаора (Serbian*) |
 Calais |
Cales (archaic English, archaic German,[2] archaic Italian[3][2]), Calés (Ch'timi/Picard*, archaic Spanish*[4]), Calêsio (archaic Portuguese[5]), Callice (archaic English[6]), Galèih - 加萊/加來 (Cantonese*), Jiālái - 加萊 (Mandarin Chinese*), Kalae - กาแล (Thai*), Kalaí - Καλαί (Greek*), Ka-lâi - 加萊 (Hokkien), Kalais - कलैस (Hindi[7]), Kālayh - كاليه (Arabic*), Kale (Azeri*, Uzbek*), Kale – Кале (Russian[KNAB]*, Serbian*, Ukrainian*), Kalē (Latvian*), Kalė (Lithuanian*), Kālē - কালে (Bengali*), Kalen (archaic German*), Kales (Dutch alternative[KNAB]*, West Flemish), Kalle - 칼레 (Korean*), Karē (Japanese*), Calesium (Latin*)
|
| Cambrai |
Camaracum (Latin*), Cambrai (French*, German*), Cambraia (Portuguese), Camerick or Camericke (historical English*), Kambre – Камбре (Serbian*), Kambryk or Kamerich (former German*), Kamerijk (Dutch*), Kimbré (Picard*), Kameryk (Afrikaans*) |
  Cambridge (England) |
Caergrawnt (Welsh*), Cantabrigia (Latin*), Cantabrígia or Cambrígia (Portuguese, rare*), Duroliponte or Durolipons (Roman Latin*), Jiān qiáo – 劍橋 (Chinese*), Kāngqiáo – 康橋 (former Chinese[8]), Kantavrigía – Κανταβριγία (Greek Katharevousa), Kéimbridz – Κέιμπριτζ (Greek*), Keimbeuriji / K'eimbŭriji – 케임브리지 (Korean), Kembridž – Кембриџ (Serbian*), Kembridža (Latvian*), Kembridžas (Lithuanian*), Kembriĝo (Esperanto*), Kemburijji – ケンブリッジ (Japanese*), Kergront (Cornish), Keymbrige – קיימברידג (Hebrew*) |
 Câmpulung Moldovenesc |
Câmpulung Moldovenesc (Romanian*), Dovhopillya – Довгопілля (Ukrainian), Moldovahosszúmező (Hungarian), Kimpulung Moldovanesk – Кимпулунг Молдованеск (Serbian*), Kimpulung (German*), Kimpulung Mołdawski (Polish*) |
| Canterbury |
Caer-Cant (Saxon), Caergaint (Welsh*), Cantorbéry (French*), Cantuaria (Latin*), Cantuária (Portuguese*), Durovernum Cantiacorum (Roman Latin*), Kaenteoberi / K'aent'ŏberi – 캔터베리 (Korean), Kantaraborg (Icelandic*), Kǎntèbèiléi – 坎特貝雷 (Chinese*), Kenterberi – Кентербери (Serbian), Kenterberija (Latvian*), Kantelberg (Dutch*), Kergent (Cornish) |
| Carcassonne |
Carcassona (Catalan*, Italian*, Occitan*, Portuguese*), Carcasona (Spanish*), Carcassonne (Finnish*, French*), Iulia Carcaso or Carcaso (Latin*), Karkason – Каркасон (Serbian*) |
 Cardiff |
Caerdydd (Welsh*, Irish*, Scottish Gaelic), Cardife or Cardívio (Portuguese, rare*), Kādifu – カーディフ (Japanese*), Kadipeu / K'adip'ŭ – 카디프 (Korean), Kardif – Кардиф (Serbian*), Kārdifa (Latvian*), Kardip (Tagalog*), Cardiffa (Latin*) |
| Carlisle |
Caerliwelydd (Welsh*), Cathair Luail (Irish, Scottish Gaelic*), Karlajl – Карлајл (Serbian), Luguvalium (Roman Latin), Lùgǔwǎlì - 鹿古瓦利 (Mandarin), Carleolum (Latin*) |
 Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary) |
Karlovi Vari (Bulgarian*, Croatian*, Romanian*), Karlove Vari – Карлове Вари (Serbian*), Karlovy Vary (Czech*, Turkish*), Karlowe Wary (Polish*), Karlsbad (Dutch*, German*, Swedish*), Karlsbāde (Latvian*), Károlyfürdő (Hungarian), Thermae Carolinae (Latin*) |
| Carmarthen |
Caerfyrddin (Welsh), Carmarthen (English), Moridunum (Latin) |
| Cartagena (Spain) |
al-Qartājanna (Arabic), Cartagena (Catalan*, Dutch*, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Cartagina (Romanian*), Carthagène (French*), Carthago Nova (Latin*), Kartagina (Polish*), Kartaġni (Maltese), Kartahena – Картахена (Serbian*), Kartaxena (Azeri*), Karthayéni – Καρθαγένη (Greek*), QRT𐤟ḤDŠT - 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (Phoenician/Punic), Xīn Jiātàijī - 新迦太基 (Mandarin) |
| Castelsardo |
Calteddu* or Caltheddu Saldhu (local dialect), Caltheddu (Corsican), Castheddu Sardhu (Sassarese*), Casteddu Sardu (Sardinian*), Castel Aragonés (former Catalan, 1448–1767*), Castelgenovese (former Italian, 1102–1448*), Castelsardo (Italian*), Castillo Aragonés (former Spanish, 1448–1767*), Castrum Aragonense or Castrum Aragoniense (Latin, since 1448*), Castrum Ianuae or Castrum Ianuense (older Latin, 1102–1448), Emporiae (older Latin*),
Kastelsardo – Кастелсардо (Serbian), Yànwéibǎo - 燕维堡/燕維堡 (Mandarin) |
| Catania |
Catane (French*), Catânia (Portuguese*), Katanja (Maltese*) Katanya (Turkish*), Katánia – Κατάνια (Greek*) |
 Celje |
Celeia (Latin*), Celje – Цеље (Serbian*), Celje (Slovene*), Cille (Hungarian*), Cilli (older English*, German*), Kelea (Celtic), Cilli or Celie (Italian*) |
| České Budějovice |
Budweis (Dutch*, former English*, German*), České Budějovice (Czech*, Slovak*), Češke Budjejovice – Чешке Будјејовице (Serbian*), Cheseuki Budeyobiche / Ch'esŭk'i Pudeyobich'e – 체스키 부데요비체 (Korean), Ches'ke-Budejovyce – Чеське-Будєйовіце (Ukrainian), Czeskie Budziejowice (Polish*), Budvicium or Budovicium (Latin*) |
| Český Těšín |
Český Těšín (Czech*), Češki Tješin – Чешки Тјешин (Serbian*), Ches'ky-Teshyn – Чеські-Тешин (Ukrainian), Czeski Cieszyn (Polish*), Tschechisch-Teschen (German*) |
 Cēsis |
Cesis – Цэсіс (Belarusian*), Cēsis (Latvian*),[KNAB], Cesis – Цесис (Serbian*) Cėsys (Lithuanian),[KNAB] Kes – Кесь (archaic Russian*), Kėsys (archaic Lithuanian),[KNAB] Kieś (Polish*),[KNAB] Tsesis – Цесис (Russian*),[KNAB] Tsesis – Цесіс (Ukrainian*), Wenden (German*),[KNAB] Venden (Livonian), Venden – Венденъ (archaic Russian),[KNAB] Venden – Венден (archaic Ukrainian), Võnnu (Estonian*)[KNAB] |
 Cetinje |
Cettigne (Italian*), Çetine (Turkish), Cetinje – Цетиње (Serbian*), Cetinje (Slovene), Cetynia (Polish*), Ketígni – Κετίγνη (Greek*), Cetinë (Albanian*), Cetinia (Latin) |
 Chalkida (Greece) |
Cálcis or Cálcida (Portuguese*), Calcide (Italian*), Chalkida (German*), Chalkída – Χαλκίδα (Modern Greek*), Chalcis (French*, Latin*), Chalkis (older German*), Chalkís – Χαλκίς (Ancient Greek, Greek Katharevousa*), Halkida – Халкида (Serbian*), Khalkis (Finnish), Negroponte (medieval Italian) |
| Chambéry |
Chamberí (old Spanish), Chambéry (Dutch, French, German), Sciamberì (old Italian), Šamberi – Шамбери (Serbian*) |
| Chania |
Chaniá – Χανιά (Greek*), Hania (Finnish*, Romanian*), Hanja – Хања (Serbian*), Hanya (Turkish), Kudonija - 𐀓𐀈𐀛𐀊 (Mycenaean Greek), Kydonia - Κυδωνία (Ancient Greek), La Canea (Catalan*, Italian*, Spanish*), La Canée (French*), |
 Charleroi |
Charleroi (Dutch*, Finnish*, French*, German, Romanian*), Châlerwè (alternative Walloon), Karelskoning (alternative Dutch), Karloreĝo (Esperanto*), Karolingen (former German), Šarleruā (Latvian*), Šarlroa – Шарлроа (Serbian*), Sharleroah – שרלרואה (Hebrew*), Sharururowa – シャルルロワ (Japanese*), Tchålerwè (Walloon*) |
| Cheb |
Cheb (Czech*), Eger (German*), Heb – Хеб (Serbian*) |
 Chełmno |
Chełmno (Polish*), Culm (variant in German*), Helmno (Latvian*), Helmno – Хелмно (Serbian*), Khelmno – Хелмно (Russian*, Ukrainian*), Kulm (German*), Kulmas (Lithuanian*) |
 Chemnitz |
Chemnitz (German*, Finnish*, Romanian*), Chemnicium (Latin*), Kamienica Saska (Polish, historical, obsolete*), Kamjenica (Sorbian), Kemnic – Кемниц (Serbian*), Saská Kamenice (Czech, old*), Karl-Marx-Stadt (German, 1953–1990*) |
 Chernihiv |
Chernigov – Чернигов (Russian*), Černigov – Чернигов (Serbian*), Chernihiv – Чернігів (Ukrainian*), Czernihów (Polish), Tschernigow (obsolete German*), Tschernihiw (German*), Tšernihiv (Finnish) |
| Chernivtsi |
Čarnaŭcy – Чарнаўцы (Belarusian*), Cernăuţi (Romanian*), Černivci – Чернивци (Serbian*), Černovice (Czech*, Slovak*), Chernivtsi – Чернівці (Ukrainian*), Chernovitsy – Черновицы (Russian, before 1944*), Chernovtsi – Черновци (Bulgarian*), Chernovtsy – Черновцы (Russian*), Csernivci or Csernovic (Hungarian variants), Csernyivci (Hungarian*), Czerniowce (Polish*), Czernovicensia (Ecclesiastical Latin), Czernowitz (German*), Tchernivtsi (French*), Tjernivtsi (Swedish*), Tschernowitz (German variant*), Tšernivtsi (Finnish), Tshernovits – טשערנאָוויץ (Yiddish*), Tsjernivtsi (Norwegian [Nynorsk* and Bokmål*]), Chernovitz – צ'רנוביץ (Hebrew*) |
| Chernobyl |
Cernobâl (Romanian variant*), Çernobıl (Azeri*), Çernobil (Turkish*), Cernobil, Černobyl'* or Čornobyl' (Italian), Cernobîl (Romanian*), Černobil (Slovene*), Černobilj – Чернобиљ (Serbian*), Černobyl (Czech*), Černobyľ (Slovak*), Chernobil or Chernóbil (Portuguese variants*), Chernobyl – Чернобыль (Russian*), Cherunobuiri – チェルノブイリ (Japanese*), Choreunobil / Ch'orŭnobil – 초르노빌 (Korean), Chornobyl – Чорнобиль (Ukrainian*), Csernobil (Hungarian*), Czarnobyl (Polish*), Qièěrnuòpéiěr – 切爾諾貝爾 (Chinese*), Searnóbail (Irish), Tchernobil or Tchernóbil (Portuguese variants*), Tchernobyl (French*), Tjernobyl (Swedish*), Tschernobyl or Tschornobyl (German*), Tšernobyl (Finnish), Tšernobõl (Estonian*) |
 Chernyakhovsk |
Černiachovskas (Lithuanian*), Cernihovsk (Romanian*), Černjahovsk – Черњаховск (Serbian), Chernyakhovsk (Russian*), Insterburg (German*), Įsrutis (Lithuanian*), Tšernjahovsk (Finnish), Wystruć (Polish*) |
| Chester |
Caerllion-ar-Dyfrdwy usually abbreviated to Caer, Historically also known as Deverdoeu (Welsh*), Castra Devana or Deva (Roman Latin), Čester – Честер (Serbian), Cestria (Latin*) |
| Chiusi |
Camars (Umbrian) Chiusi (Italian), Clevsin (Etruscan), Clusium (Latin), Klysion - Κλύσιον (Ancient Greek) |
 Chișinău |
Chișinău (Catalan*, Finnish*, French*, German*, Portuguese*, Romanian*), Chisinau (Dutch*, Finnish variant*, Portuguese variant*, Spanish*), Císineá (Irish), Keshenev – קעשענעװ (Yiddish*), Kichinev (French variant*), Kischinau (German variant*), Kischinew (German variant*), Kishinau – キシナウ (Japanese*), Kishinev (former English*), Kishinev – קישינב (Hebrew*), Kishinjov – Кишинёв (Russian*), Kīšīnāw (Arabic), Kišineu (Bulgarian), Kišiněv (Czech*), Kişinev (Turkish*), Kišiņeva (Latvian*), Kišiniovas (Lithuanian*), Kišinjev (Bosnian*, Croatian*, Finnish alternate, Slovene*), Kišinjev – Кишињев (Serbian*), Kišiňov (Slovak*), Kişinyov (Azeri), Kisinyov (Hungarian*), Kisjenő (older Hungarian*), Kisnóvio – Κισνόβιο (Greek), Kiszyniów (Polish*), Kyshyniv – Кишинів (Ukrainian*), Quichinau or Quixinau (Portuguese variants*), Quixineve (Portuguese, obsolete*) |
| Chorzów |
Chorzów (Polish*), Hojūfu – ホジューフ (Japanese*), Hožaŭ – Гожаў (Belarusian*), Hožov – Хожов (Serbian), Khozhiv – Хожів (Ukrainian*), Khozhuv – Хожув (Russian*), Königshütte (German*), Chořov (Czech *), Królewska Huta (Polish, until 1934*) |
 Chur |
Chur (Dutch, German), Coira (Italian*), Coire (French*), Cuira (Romansh*), Curia Raetorum (Latin*), Hur – Хур (Serbian*) |
 Čierna nad Tisou |
Čierna nad Tisou (Slovak*), Chierna-nad-Tisoyu – Чєрна-над-Тісою (Ukrainian*), Čjerna na Tisi – Чјерна на Тиси (Serbian), Czerna nad Cisą (Polish*) Tiszacsernyő (Hungarian) |
| Cieszyn |
Cieszyn (Polish*), Teschen (Dutch*, German*), Těšín (Czech*), Tešín (Slovak*), Tessium (Latin*), Tješin – Тјешин (Serbian), Tseshin – Цешин (Russian*, Ukrainian*) |
| Clermont-Ferrand |
Augustonemetum (Latin*), Clarmont (Occitan*), Clermonte (Spanish*), Klermon Feran – Клермон Феран (Serbian*) |
| Cleves |
Cléveris (Spanish*), Clèves (French*), Cleves (Portuguese*), Clivia (Latin), Kleef (Dutch*), Kleve (German*), Kleve – Клеве (Serbian) |
| Cluj-Napoca |
Claudiopolis (Latin*), Cluj (French*, Romanian*,informal), Cluj-Napoca (Dutch*, formal Romanian*), Kaloşvar (Turkish*), Klausenburg (German*), Kluž (Czech*, Slovak*), Kluż (Polish*), Kluž-Napoka – Клуж-Напока (Serbian*), Kolozsvár (Hungarian*), Keullujinapoka / K'ŭllujinap'ok'a – 클루지나포카 (Korean*), Napoca (Classical Latin) |
 Cobh |
An Cóbh (Irish*), Kov – Ков (Serbian), Queenstown or Cove (former English*) |
| Coblenz |
Coblença (Portuguese*), Coblence (French*), Coblenza (Italian*, Spanish*), Confluentes (Latin*), Koblenc – Кобленц (Serbian*), Koblencja (Polish*), Koblenz (Dutch*, Finnish*, German*, Romanian*, Slovene*), Koblenza (Maltese*), Kueblenz (Luxembourgish*) |
| Coburg |
Cobourg (French*), Coburg (Dutch*, German*), Coburgo (Italian*, Portuguese*, Spanish), Koburg – Кобург (Serbian), Kovoúrgon – Κοβούργον (Greek Katharevousa*) |
 Coimbra |
Coimbra (Finnish*, Italian*, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*), Coïmbra (Catalan*) Coimbre (French*), Conimbriga (Latin*), Koimbeura / K'oimbŭra – 코임브라 (Korean), Koimbra – Коимбра (Serbian*), Qulumriya (Arabic) |
| Colchester |
Camulodunum (Roman Latin), Camulodunon (British), Kolčester – Колчестер (Serbian), Colcestria[citation needed] (Latin*) |
| Cologne |
Cöln (older German variant*), Cologne (French*), Colònia (Catalan*), Colonia (Italian*, Spanish*), Colónia (Portuguese*), Cołonia (Venetian*), Colonia Agrippina (Latin*), Cwlen (Welsh*), Keln – קלן (Hebrew*), Keln – Келн (Macedonian*, Serbian*), Kel'n – Кельн (Ukrainian*), Keln – קעלן (Yiddish*), Kelnas (Lithuanian*), Ķelne (Latvian*), Kèlóng 科隆 (Chinese*), Kerun – ケルン (Japanese*), Keulen (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, West Frisian*), Kjol'n – Кёльн (Russian*), Koelleun / K'oellŭn – 쾰른 (Korean*), Kolín nad Rýnem (Czech*), Kolín nad Rýnom (Slovak*), Kölle (Cologne Ripuarian dialect*, Köln (Azeri*, Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian*, Icelandic*, Romanian*, Swedish*, Turkish*), K'oln – Кьолн (Bulgarian*), Kolon – कोलोन (Marathi*), Kolon – โคโลญ (Thai*), Kolonia (Basque*, Polish*), Kolonía – Κολωνία (Greek*), Kolonja (Maltese), Kūlūniya – كولوني (Arabic*), Køln (Danish*, Norwegian*) |
| Comănești |
Comăneşti (Romanian*), Komanešti – Команешти (Serbian*), Kománfalva (Hungarian*) |
| Como |
Côme (French*), Comum or Novum Comum (Latin*), Cum (Romansh), Komo – Комо (Serbian*) |
| Constanța |
Constança (Brazilian Portuguese*), Constanța (Finnish*, Romanian*), Konstanz or Konstanza (German*), Kanstanca – Канстанца (Belarusian*), Konstanca (Hungarian*, Polish*, Slovak*), Konstanca – Констанца (Russian*, Serbian*, Ukrainian*), Köstence (Turkish*), Kyustendzha – Кюстенджа (Bulgarian*), Tomis (Latin*) |
 Copenhagen |
Beirbh (Scottish Gaelic, obsolete), Cóbanhávan (Irish*), Copenaghen (Italian*), Copenhaga (Portuguese*, Romanian*), Copenhague (Brazilian Portuguese*, Catalan*, French*, Spanish*), Gēběnhāgēn – 哥本哈根 (Chinese*), Hafnia (Latin*), Kaufmannshafen (old German*), Kaupmannahöfn (Icelandic*), Keappenhaven (alternate West Frisian*), Keypmannahavn (Faroese*), Kobenhaven (Slovene*), København (Danish*, Norwegian*), Kodaň (Czech*, Slovak*), Kööpenhamina (Finnish*), Kopencháyi – Κοπεγχάγη (Greek*), Kopengagen (Russian*), Kopenhaagen (Estonian*), Kopenhag (Turkish*), Kopenhaga (Lithuanian*, Polish *), Kopenhagë (Albanian*), Kopenhagen (Azeri*, Croatian*, Dutch*, German*), Kopenhagen – Копенхаген or Kupimore – Купиморе (Bulgarian*, Serbian*), Kopenhagen – קופנהגן (Hebrew*), Kopenhāgen – コペンハーゲン (Japanese*), Kopenhagen / K'op'enhagen – 코펜하겐 (Korean), Kopenħagen (Maltese), Kopenhāgena (Latvian*), Kopenhago (Esperanto*), Köpenhamn (Swedish*), Koppenhága (Hungarian*), Kūbinhāġin (Arabic*) |
| Cordova |
Cordoba (Dutch*, German*, Romanian*), Córdoba (Spanish*, Finnish*), Corduba (Latin*), Cordoue (French*), Còrdova (Catalan*), Cordova (English, Interlingua, Italian*, former Romanian*), Córdova (Portuguese*), Kordhoúi – Κορδούη (Greek Katharevousa*), Kórdhova – Κόρδοβα (Demotic Greek*), Kordoba – קורדובה (Hebrew*), Kordoba – Кордоба (Serbian*), Kordoba (Slovene*), Kordova or Qurtuba (Azeri*), Kordova (Latvian*, Ladino *), Kordowa (Polish*), Ladino alternate), Koreudoba / K'orŭdoba – 코르도바 (Korean), Korudoba – コルドバ (Japanese*), Qurtubah (Arabic) |
| Corfu |
Corcira or Corfu (Portuguese*, Romanian*), Corcyra (Latin*), Corcyre (French alternate under Napoleonic rule*), Corfou (French*), Corfù (Italian*), Corfú (Catalan*, Irish, Spanish*), Kérkira – Κέρκυρα (Greek*), Kerkira – Керкира (Russian*), Koreupu / Korŭp'u – 코르푸 (Korean), Korfoe or Corfu (Dutch*), Korfu (Finnish*, German*, Hungarian*, Ladino, Polish*, Slovak*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Korfu – Корфу (Bulgarian*), Korfù (Maltese), Krf (Croatian*, Slovene*), Krf – Крф (Macedonian*, Serbian*), Korfuz (Albanian*) |
| Corinth |
Corint (Catalan*, Romanian*), Corinthe (French*), Corinthus (Latin*), Corintus (Scottish Gaelic, archaic), Corinto (Italian*, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Karynf – Карынф (Belarusian*), Korinf (Azeri*), Korinf – Коринф (Russian*, Ukrainian*), Korint – Коринт (Bulgarian*, Serbian*), Korint (Croatian*, Czech*, Slovak*, Slovene*, Turkish*), Kórinta (Icelandic*), Korinta (Latvian*), Korintas (Lithuanian*), Korinth (Danish*, German*, Swedish*), Korinthe (Dutch*), Kórinthos – Κόρινθος (Greek*), Korinti (Albanian), Korintosz (Hungarian*), Korintti (Finnish*), Korintu (Maltese), Korynt (Polish*) |
| Cork |
Corc (Welsh*), Corcagia (Latin*), Corcaigh (Irish, Scottish Gaelic*), Cork (Danish*, Dutch*, German*, Italian*, Spanish*, Swedish*), Koreukeu / K'orŭk'ŭ – 코르크 (Korean), Kork (Azeri*), Kork – Корк (Serbian*), Korka (Latvian*), Kuò'ěrkǎihè - 阔尔凯赫 (Mandarin) |
| Corte |
Corte (Dutch*, German*, French*, Italian*), Corti (Corsican*), Korte – Корте (Serbian) |
| Cortona |
Cortona (Latin, Italian), Curtun - 𐌂𐌖𐌓𐌕𐌖𐌍 (Etruscan) |
| Corunna |
A Coruña (Galician*), La Coruña (Spanish*, Dutch*, Finnish*), Corùna (Scottish Gaelic), Corunha (Portuguese*), Korunja – Коруња (Serbian*), La Corogne (French*), La Coruna (Romanian*), Lakoruņa (Latvian*), La Korunya (Ladino*), Rakorūnya – ラ・コルーニャ (Japanese*) |
| Cottbus |
Chociebuż (Polish*), Chóśebuz (Sorbian), Chotěbuz (Czech*), Chotebuz (archaic Slovak*), Cottbus (German*), Kotbus – Котбус (Serbian*), Kottbus (archaic German*) |
| Crécy |
Crécy-en-Ponthieu (French*), Kresčak (Czech*, archaic Slovak*), Kresi an Pontje – Креси ан Понтје (Serbian*) |
| Cuneo |
Coni (French*, Occitan*, Piedmontese*), Cuneum (Latin*), Kuneo – Кунео (Serbian*) |
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| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Daugavpils |
Borisoglebsk – Борисоглебск (Russian, 1656–1667),[KNAB] Daugavpils (Estonian*, Finnish*, Latvian*, Romanian*), Daugavpils – Даугавпилс (Russian*,[KNAB] Serbian*), Daugawpils (Afrikaans alternative*), Daŭgaŭpils – Даўгаўпілс (Belarusian*), Daugpėlis (Samogitian*), Daugpilis (Lithuanian*),[KNAB] Daugpiļs (Latgalian), Denenburg – דענענבורג (Yiddish*), Dinaburg (Livonian, 1275–1893), Dünaburg (German*),[KNAB] Dunaburgum, Duna urbs or Duneburgum (Latin*),[9][10][11] Duneborch (Low German),[12] Dvinohrad (Czech alternative),[KNAB] Dvinsk – דוינסק (Hebrew*), Dvinsk – Двинcк (archaic Russian*),[KNAB] Dynaburg (archaic Swedish),[KNAB] Dynaburg – Дынабург (archaic Belarusian, archaic Taraškievica Belarusian), Dyneburg (Polish*),[KNAB] Dzvinsk – Дзвінск (Belarusian), Dźvinsk – Дзьвінск (Taraškievica Belarusian*), Dźwińsk or Dźwinów (archaic Polish variants*), Väinalinn (archaic Estonian variant),[KNAB] Väinänlinna (Finnish alternative*)[KNAB], Düünaburi (Estonian*), Dunebourg (French*) |
| Dărmănești |
Dărmănești (Romanian*), Darmanešti – Дарманешти (Serbian), Dermenešt' – Дерменешть (Ukrainian*), Dormánfalva (Hungarian*) |
| Davos |
Dabosu – ダボス (Japanese*), Davos (German*), Davos – Давос (Russian*, Serbian*), Davós – Νταβός (Greek*), Dá wò sī – 達沃斯 (Chinese*), Tafaat (local Romansh dialect), Tavate (Italian, rarely*), Tavau (Romansh*), Tavaus (Latin*) |
 Debrecen |
Debeurechen / Tebŭrech'en – 데브레첸 (Korean*), Debrecen (Hungarian*, Finnish*), Debrecin (Bosnian*, Croatian*), Debrecin – Дeбрецин (Serbian*), Debrecín (Slovak*, Czech*), Debrețin (Romanian*), Débretsen – Ντέμπρετσεν (Greek*), Debretsin – Дeбрецин (Russian*), Debreczyn (Polish*), Debretzyn – דעברעצין (Yiddish*), Debrezin (German*), Debrezun (old Hungarian, 13th century) |
 Den Bosch |
Bois-le-Duc (French*), Bolduque (Spanish*), Boscoducale (Italian*), De Bosk (West Frisian*), Den Bosch or 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch*), Hertogenbos – Хертогенбос (Serbian*), Herzogenbusch (German*), Oeteldonk (Brabantian, used during Carnival]*) |
| Den Helder |
De Helder (West Frisian*), Den Halder – Ден Халдер (Serbian), Den Helder (Dutch*, German*), Le Helder (French*), Nieuwediep (West Frisian dialect) |
 Derry |
Deri – Дери (Serbian), Derio (Esperanto), Derrie or Lunnonderrie (Ulster Scots), Doire or Doire Chaluim Chille (Scottish Gaelic*), Doire or Doire Cholm Cille (Irish), Londonderry (official English) |
| Dijon |
Castrum Divionense or Diviodunum (Latin*), Digione (Italian*), Dijon (Azeri*, Finnish*, French*, Romanian*), Dijon – דיז'ון (Hebrew*), Dijong / Tijong – 디종 (Korean), Dižon – Дижон (Serbian*), Dižona (Latvian*) |
| Domažlice |
Domažlice (Czech*), Taus (German*) |
| Domodossola |
Dòm (Lombard), Domodossola (Esperanto, Italian, Venetian), Oscela Lepontiorum (Latin), Uscla (Etruscan) |
| Donetsk |
Aleksandrovka – Александровка (former Russian, until 1869), Danietsk (Russian*), Doněck (Czech*), Doneck (Slovak*), Doņecka (Latvian*), Doneţk (Romanian*), Donetsiku – ドネツィク (Japanese*), Donetsk (Azeri*, Finnish*), Donetsk – Донецьк (Ukrainian*), Donetskas (Lithuanian*), Donezk (German*), Donieck (Polish*), Donjeck (Serbian*), Donyeck (Hungarian*), Hughesovka / Yuzovka – Юзовка (Russian, 1869–1923*), Jousofka (French, 1869–1923*), Trotsk - Тротск (Russian, 1923), Stalin – Сталин (former Russian, 1924–1929*), Stalino – Сталино (former Russian, 1929–1961*), Yuzivka – Ю́зівка (Ukrainian, 1869–1924*) |
| Douai |
Douai (French), Douay (former French), Dowaai (Dutch), Doway (former English), Duacum (Latin), Duagio (old Italian) |
 Douglas |
Doolish (Manx*), Douglas (English), Dùghlais (Scottish Gaelic), Dúglas (Irish) |
| Dover |
Dōbā – ドーバー (Japanese*), Dobeo / Tobŏ – 도버 (Korean), Douvres (French*), Dover (Dutch, Finnish*, German, Hungarian*, Italian, Romanian*, Spanish), Dover – דובר (Hebrew*), Dôver (Portuguese*), Doveris (Lithuanian*), Dubris (Latin*), Duvra (Latvian*), Dúvres (former Spanish) |
| Dresden |
Délěisīdùn – 德累斯顿 (Chinese*), Deureseuden / Tŭresŭden – 드레스덴 (Korean*), Doresuden – ドレスデン (Japanese*), Drážďany (Czech*, Slovak*), Dresda (Italian*, variant in Portuguese*, Romanian*), Dresde (French*, Spanish*), Dresden (Dutch*, Finnish*, German*, Portuguese*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Drésdi – Δρέσδη (Greek*), Drezda (Hungarian*), Drezden (Azeri*), Drezden – Дрезден (Bulgarian*, Russian*, Serbian*), Drezden – דרזדן (Hebrew*), Drezdenas (Lithuanian*), Drēzdene (Latvian*), Drezno (Polish*), Drježdźany (Lower Sorbian) |
| Drobeta-Turnu Severin |
Drobeta-Turnu Severin (official Romanian*), Drobetae (Latin), Severin (Romanian, informal*), Szörényvár (Hungarian*), Turnu Severin (former Romanian*) |
| Drohiczyn |
Darahičyn – Дарагічын (Belarusian*), Dorohochyn (Ukrainian*), Drohičinas (Lithuanian*), Drohiczyn (Polish*) |
| Drohobych |
Drogobâci (Romanian*), Drogobych -Дрогобыч (Russian*), Drohobych – Дрогобич (Ukrainian*), Drohobycz (Polish*), Drohobytsch (German*), Drubitsh – דראָהאָביטש (Yiddish*) |
| Dublin |
Áth Cliath (Irish short form), Baile Átha Cliath (Irish*), Baile Àth Cliath (Scottish Gaelic*), Dablin (Arabic, Serbian*), Dablin – דבלין (Hebrew*), Daburin – ダブリン (Japanese*), Deobeullin / Tŏbŭllin – 더블린 (Korean), Difelin (Old English*), Dubhlind or Duibhlind (early Classical Irish variants*), Dubhlinn (archaic Irish*), Dublim (Portuguese*), Dublin (Azeri*, Brazilian Portuguese*, Dutch*, French*, Hungarian*, Interlingua, Maltese, Romanian*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Dublín (Catalan*, Finnish*, Spanish*), Dublin – Дублин (Russian*), Duḃlinn, Duiḃlinn or Duibhlinn (historical Irish*), Dublina (Latvian*), Dublinas (Lithuanian*), Dublino (Italian*), Dūbólín – 都柏林 (Chinese*), Dulenn (Breton*), Dulyn (Welsh*), Duvlíno – Δουβλίνο (Greek*), Dyvlinarskire (old Swedish*), Dyflin (Old Norse*), Dyflinni (Icelandic*), Divlyn (Manx*) |
 Dubrovnik |
Dubeurobeunikeu / Tubŭrobŭnik'ŭ – 두브로브니크 (Korean), Dubrovnic (Romanian*), Dubrovnik (Albanian*, Azeri*, Croatian*, Dutch*, Finnish*, German*, Portuguese*, Serbian*, Slovene*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Dubrovnik – דוברובניק (Hebrew*), Dubrovnik – Дубровник (Bulgarian *, Serbian *), Dubrovník (Czech*, Slovak*), Dubrovnika (Latvian*), Dubrovnikas (Lithuanian*), Dubrownik (Polish*), Ragoúsa – Ραγούσα (Greek*), Ragusa (Dalmatian, former English, former German*, Italian*, former Romanian*), Raguse (old French*), Raguza (former Hungarian*, Ottoman Turkish*), Rhagusium (Latin) |
| Duisburg |
Dīsburga (Latvian*), Duisbourg (French*), Duisburg (Czech *, Danish*, Dutch *, German*, Italian*, Polish*, Swedish*), Duisburgas (Lithuanian*), Duisburgo (Spanish*, Portuguese*) |
| Dún Laoghaire |
Dùn Laoghaire (Scottish Gaelic*), Dunleary (anglicised form pre-1821, still reflected in the pronunciation of "Dún Laoghaire" by English-speakers), Kingstown (English, 1821–1921*) |
| Dunkirk |
Dankeruku – ダンケルク (Japanese*), Dinkerk – דנקרק (Hebrew*), Djunkerk – Дюнкерк (Russian*),[KNAB] Doengkeleukeu – 됭케르크 (Korean*), Doncherche (archaic Italian),[13] Donkarkız (Turkish*), Dounkérki – Δουνκέρκη (Greek*), Duinkerke (Dutch*),[KNAB]) Duinkerken (Afrikaans*, alternative Dutch),[KNAB] Dukark (Breton*),[KNAB] Dūnkè'ěrkè – 敦克爾克 (Mandarin Chinese*), Dunkèke (Picard*), Dunkerque (French*, Italian*, Romanian*),[KNAB] Dunkierka (Polish*),[KNAB] Dünkirchen (German*),[KNAB] Dunkirk (Hungarian), Dunquerca (Latin*), Dunquèrca (Occitan*), Dunquerque (Portuguese*, Spanish*), Dúntsjerk (West Frisian*), Duunkerke (local Flemish*) |
 Durrës |
Dıraç (Turkish*), Dirráchio – Δυρράχιο (Modern Greek*), Drač (Croatian*, Czech*, Slovene*), Drač – Драч (Macedonian*, Serbian*), Drach – Драч (former Bulgarian*), Duras (former French*), Durazo (Portuguese*), Durazzo (Italian*), Durrës (Albanian*, Romanian*), Durŭs – Дуръс (Bulgarian*), Dyrrhachion – Δυρράχιον (Byzantine Greek), Dyrrhachium (Latin*), Epidamnos (Ancient Greek*) |
| Düsseldorf |
Diseldorf – דיסלדורף (Hebrew*), Diseldorf – Диселдорф (Serbian*), Diseldorfa (Latvian*), Dísseldorf – Ντίσελντορφ (Greek*), Diuseldorfas (Lithuanian*), Düsseldorf (Azeri*, Brazilian Portuguese*, Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian*, Romanian*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Dusseldorf (Italian*), Dusseldórfia (Portuguese*), Dusseldorp (Dutch, antiquated*), Düsseldorp (former local dialect), Dusserudorufu – デュッセルドルフ (Japanese*), Dwiseldoreupeu / Twiseldorŭp'ŭ – 뒤셀도르프 (Korean) |
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