NGC 3195

NGC 3195 (also known as Caldwell 109) is a planetary nebula located in the southern constellation of Chamaeleon. Discovered by Sir John Herschel in 1835,^[3] this 11.6 apparent magnitude^[3] planetary nebula is slightly oval in shape, with dimensions of 40×35 arc seconds, and can be seen visually in telescopic apertures of 10.5 centimetres (4.1 in) at low magnifications.^[5]

NGC 3195

Emission nebula
Planetary nebula
A Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image of NGC 3195. Credit: HST/NASA/ESA.
Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension	10h 09m 20.910s[1]
Declination	−80° 51′ 30.73″[1]
Distance	6,440 ly (1,975 pc)[2] ly
Apparent magnitude (V)	11.6[3]
Apparent dimensions (V)	1.33′[2]
Constellation	Chamaeleon
Designations	Caldwell 109, Hen 2-44, Sa2-57, PK 296-20.1, PN G296.6-20.0, ESO 19-2[4]
See also: Lists of nebulae

Spectroscopy reveals that NGC 3195 is approaching Earth at 17 kilometres per second (11 mi/s), while the nebulosity is expanding at around 40 kilometres per second (25 mi/s). The central star is listed as >15.3V or 16.1B magnitude. An analysis of Gaia data suggests that the central star is a binary system.^[6] Distance is estimated at 1.7 kpc.

References

1. Kerber, F.; et al. (September 2003). "Galactic Planetary Nebulae and their central stars. I. An accurate and homogeneous set of coordinates". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 408 (3): 1029–1035. Bibcode:2003A&A...408.1029K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031046.
2. Stanghellini, L.; et al. (2008). "The Magellanic Cloud Calibration of the Galactic Planetary Nebula Distance Scale". The Astrophysical Journal. 689 (1): 194–202. arXiv:0807.1129. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689..194S. doi:10.1086/592395. S2CID 119257242.
3. Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue objects: NGC 3150 - 3199". cseligman.com. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
4. "NGC 3195". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2007-04-17.
5. O'Meara, Stephen James (2014), Deep-Sky Companions: The Messier Objects, Cambridge University Press, p. 499, ISBN 978-1107018372
6. Chornay, N.; Walton, N. A.; Jones, D.; Boffin, H. M. J.; Rejkuba, M.; Wesson, R. (2021). "Towards a more complete sample of binary central stars of planetary nebulae with Gaia". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 648: A95. arXiv:2101.01800. Bibcode:2021A&A...648A..95C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140288. S2CID 230770301.

External links

• Media related to NGC 3195 at Wikimedia Commons
• The Hubble European Space Agency Information Centre: pictures and information on NGC 3195