Muradiye

For the village, see Muradiye, Susurluk.

Muradiye (Kurdish: Bêgirî,^[2] Armenian: Բերկրի, romanized: Berkri) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey.^[3] Its area is 912 km²,^[4] and its population is 45,718 (2022).^[1] It is best known for its impressive waterfalls.

Muradiye
District and municipality
Muradiye Waterfalls
Map showing Muradiye District in Van Province
Muradiye Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 38°59′41″N 43°46′05″E
Country	Turkey
Province	Van
Area	912 km2 (352 sq mi)
Elevation	1,700 m (5,600 ft)
Population  (2022)[1]	45,718
• Density	50/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code	65500
Area code	0432
Website	www.muradiye.bel.tr

History

Remains of the St. Stephen Armenian Church

The tenth-century Byzantine text De Administrando Imperio mentions "Perkri" belonging to King Ashot I Bagratuni at the beginning of the ninth century before being turned over to an Arab ruler, Abu'l-Ward.^[5] After the death of Ashot's son, Smbat I, another Arab ruler, Abu Sawada, took possession of Berkri.^[6]

Forced evacuations

The Muradiye district also experienced forced evacuations of some of its inhabitants as a consequence of the Turkish-Kurdish conflict.^[7]

Government

Mehmet Ali Tunç was elected mayor in the local elections 2014.^[8] He was detained and a trustee was appointed instead in January 2017.^[9] In the local elections in March 2019, Yılmaz Şalan from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected mayor.^[10] On the 6 November 2019, Şalan was arrested due to charges relating to terrorism.^[11] The current Kaymakam is Erkan Savar.^[12]

Composition

There are 48 neighbourhoods in Muradiye District:^[13]

• Açıkyol
• Adaklı
• Akbulak
• Akçaçay
• Alkasnak
• Aşağı Argıt
• Babacan
• Balaklı
• Beşparmak
• Beydağı
• Çakmak
• Çiçekli
• Dağören
• Devetaş
• Doğangün
• Dürükkaş
• Erişen
• Esenkoç
• Fatih
• Fevzi Çakmak
• Gönderme
• Görecek
• Güllüçimen
• Gültepe
• Gümüştepe
• Kandahar
• Karahan
• Karaoğlan
• Keçikıran
• Kemerköprü
• Kocasaban
• Köşkköy
• Kuşçu
• Otlakbaşı
• Ovapınar
• Sarımehmet
• Şehitmehmetbey
• Sürüyolu
• Tansu
• Topuzarpa
• Uluşar
• Ünseli
• Yakıncak
• Yalındüz
• Yavuz Selim
• Yenişehir
• Yukarı Argıt
• Yumaklı

Climate

The climate in Muradiye, with hot, dry summer, and cold, snowy winters, can be classified a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dsa).

Climate data for Muradiye (1991–2020)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	0.8 (33.4)	2.1 (35.8)	7.0 (44.6)	13.7 (56.7)	19.7 (67.5)	26.3 (79.3)	31.2 (88.2)	31.6 (88.9)	26.3 (79.3)	18.4 (65.1)	10.2 (50.4)	3.3 (37.9)	16.0 (60.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−4.4 (24.1)	−3.3 (26.1)	1.6 (34.9)	7.8 (46.0)	13.1 (55.6)	18.6 (65.5)	23.1 (73.6)	22.9 (73.2)	17.6 (63.7)	11.1 (52.0)	4.1 (39.4)	−1.6 (29.1)	9.3 (48.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−8.7 (16.3)	−7.7 (18.1)	−2.7 (27.1)	2.7 (36.9)	7.1 (44.8)	11.3 (52.3)	15.7 (60.3)	15.4 (59.7)	9.9 (49.8)	4.7 (40.5)	−0.9 (30.4)	−5.7 (21.7)	3.5 (38.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	45.2 (1.78)	46.23 (1.82)	61.88 (2.44)	76.36 (3.01)	56.25 (2.21)	26.39 (1.04)	17.97 (0.71)	9.28 (0.37)	23.37 (0.92)	43.08 (1.70)	52.1 (2.05)	56.23 (2.21)	514.34 (20.25)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	6.6	7.3	10.0	10.7	9.9	4.3	3.2	2.4	3.7	5.9	6.9	8.1	79.0
Average relative humidity (%)	67.2	66.4	65.1	61.7	57.5	49.0	43.0	41.6	48.0	59.5	63.6	67.2	57.8
Source: NOAA[14]

Education

In the early 2000s, there was reported a lack of teachers. Teachers were teaching more than 50 children per average.^[15]

Earthquake

In 1976 an earthquake occurred in Muradiye, Van, and caused the death of about 3,640 people and leaving 51,000 people homeless.^[16]

See also

• 1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake

References

1. "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
2. "Festnahme von mehreren Aktivisten in Bêgirî". ANF News (in German). Retrieved 2019-12-17.
3. Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
4. "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
5. Constantine Porphyrogenitos. De Administrando Imperio, ed. Gyula Moravcsik and trans. Romilly J.H. Jenkins (Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2009), ch. 44, p. 199.
6. Constantine Porphyrogenitos, De Administrando Imperio, ch. 44, p. 201.
7. Celiker, Anna Grabolle (2013). Kurdish Life in Contemporary Turkey: Migration, Gender and Ethnic Identity. I.B.Tauris. pp. 65–66. ISBN 978-1-78076-092-6.
8. Şafak, Yeni (2019-07-12). "Van Muradiye Seçim Sonuçları – Muradiye Yerel Seçim Sonuçları". Yeni Şafak (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-12-07.
9. "Trustee Appointed to Muradiye Municipality". Bianet. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
10. "Van Muradiye Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri". www.sabah.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
11. "Co-mayors of Muradiye, Özalp and Başkale arrested". ANF News. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
12. "Muradiye Kaymakamlığı". www.muradiye.gov.tr. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
13. Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
14. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Muradiye". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
15. Celiker, Anna Grabolle (2013-02-28). Kurdish Life in Contemporary Turkey: Migration, Gender and Ethnic Identity. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-78076-092-6.
16. Güney, D. "Van earthquakes (23 October 2011 and 9 November 2011) and performance of masonry and adobe structures" (PDF). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. Retrieved 1 March 2020.