Multiuser detection

Multiuser detection deals with demodulation of the mutually interfering digital streams of information that occur in areas such as wireless communications, high-speed data transmission, DSL, satellite communication, digital television, and magnetic recording.^[1] It is also being currently investigated for demodulation in low-power inter-chip and intra-chip communication. Multiuser detection encompasses both receiver technologies devoted to joint detection of all the interfering signals^[2] or to single-user receivers which are interested in recovering only one user but are robustified against multiuser interference and not just background noise.

Mutual interference is unavoidable in modern spectrally efficient wireless systems: even when using orthogonal multiplexing systems such as TDMA, synchronous CDMA or OFDMA, multiuser interference originates from channel distortion and from out-of-cell interference. In addition, in multi-antenna (MIMO) systems, the digitally modulated streams emanating from different antennas interfere at the receiver, and the MIMO receiver uses multiuser detection techniques to separate them.^[3] By exploiting the structure of the interfering signals, multiuser detection can increase spectral efficiency, receiver sensitivity, and the number of users the system can sustain.

Because of the mistaken belief in some quarters of the spread spectrum community that little could be gained from receivers more sophisticated than the single-user matched filter, multiuser detection did not start developing until the early 1980s.^[4] Verdu^[5] showed that the near-far problem suffered by CDMA was not inherent to this multiplexing technology and could be overcome by an optimum receiver that demodulates all users simultaneously. Verdu's receiver consisted of a bank of matched filters followed by a Viterbi algorithm. In the context of the capacity of the narrowband Gaussian two-user multiple-access channel, Cover^[6] showed the achievability of the capacity region by means of a successive cancellation receiver, which decodes one user treating the other as noise, re-encodes its signal and subtracts it from the received signal. The same near-far resistance of the optimum receiver can be achieved with the decorrelating receiver proposed in.^[7] Adaptive multiuser detectors that do not require prior knowledge of the interfering waveforms have also been proposed.^[8][9]

References

1. Sergio Verdu, "Multiuser Detection", Cambridge University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-521-59373-5
2. Shu Wang; Sang G. Kim; Soonyil Kwon & Hobin Kim (2006). "Toward Forward Link Interference Cancellation" (PDF). San Francisco, CA: CDMA Development Group Technology Forum. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
3. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Advances in multiuser detection. Ed. Michael L. Honig. New Jersey: Wiley, 2009.
4. S. Verdu, "Wireless bandwidth in the making." IEEE Communications Magazine 38.7 (2000): 53-58.
5. S. Verdu, Minimum Probability of Error for Asynchronous Gaussian Multiple Access Channels, IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 85-96, Jan. 1986.
6. T. M. Cover, "Some advances in broadcast channels," in Advances in Communication Systems, A. Viterbi, Ed. New York: Academic Press, 1975, vol. 4, pp. 229-260
7. R. Lupas, S. Verdu, "Linear Multiuser Detectors for Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access Channels,"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. IT-35, no. 1, p. 123-136, Jan. 1989.
8. M. Honig and H. V. Poor. "Adaptive interference suppression." Wireless Communications: Signal Processing Perspectives (1998): 64-128.
9. M. Honig, U. Madhow and S. Verdú, "Blind Adaptive Multiuser Detection," IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 944-960, July 1995.