Mudar ibn Nizar

Mudar ibn Nizar (Arabic: مضر بن نزار) is the traditional eponymous ancestor of the Mudar, one of the most powerful northern Arab tribal groupings.

Mudar ibn Nizar مضر بن نزار
Born	Arabia
Died	Arabia
Burial	al-Rawha, Arabia
Issue	Ilyas ibn Mudar (father of Mudrikah ibn Ilyas) Aylan al-Nas
Father	Nizar ibn Ma'add ibn Adnan
Mother	Sawda bint Akk ibn Adnan

Family tree from Adnan to Muhammad

History

The tradition states that Muhammad was the son of 'Abdullah, b. 'Abdu'I-Muttalib (whose name was Shayba), b. Hashim (whose name was 'Amr), b. Abd Manaf (whose name was al-Mughira), b. Qusay (whose name was Zayd), b. Kilab, b. Murrah, b. Ka'b, b. Lu'ayy, b. Ghalib, b. Fihr, b. Malik, b. al-Nadr, b. Kinana, b. Khuzayma, b. Mudrika (whose name was 'Amir), b. Ilyas, b. Mudar, b. Nizar, b. Ma'add, b. Adnan, b. Udd (or Udad),.... b. Qedar, b. Isma'il, b. Ibrahim, the friend of the Compassionate.^[1]

Ancestor

According to the Arab genealogists, Mudar was the son of Nizar ibn Ma'ad ibn Adnan by Sawda bint Akk ibn Adnan. He had one full brother, Iyad, and two half-brothers, Rabi'a (who gave his name to the other major tribal grouping) and Anmar.^[2] A well-known story is told of how the brothers divided their heritage after their father's death, resulting in Mudar gaining the epithet "the Red" (al-ḥamrāʿ) because he received his father's red tent.^[2]

Mudar settled in Mecca, and was buried in al-Rawha, where his tomb became a site of pilgrimage in later centuries.^[2] Mudar had two sons: Ilyas (also known as al-Yas), and Aylan al-Nas. Through his sons, Ilyas was the ancestor of the Banu Hudhayl, Banu Asad, Banu Tamim, and Banu Kinana—which includes the Quraysh, the tribe of Muhammad and the early caliphs—while Aylan was the ancestor of the Qays tribes).^[2]

The Mudar and Rabi'a are recorded in central Arabia in the Arabic histories of the pre-Islamic period; the kings of the Kindah bore the title of "king of the Ma'add (or Mudar) and Rabi'a", and they played a role in the conflicts with the Yemeni (southern Arab) tribes.^[3]

References

1. Ibn Ishaq; Guillaume (1955). The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Isḥāq's sīrat. London. p. 3. ISBN 0195778286.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
2. Kindermann 1995, p. 352.
3. Kindermann 1995, p. 353.

Sources

• Kindermann, H. (1995). "Rabīʾā and Muḍar". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Lecomte, G. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VIII: Ned–Sam. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 352–354. ISBN 978-90-04-09834-3.