Morbillivirus

Genus of viruses From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Morbillivirus

Morbillivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Mononegavirales, in the family Paramyxoviridae.[1][2] Humans, dogs, cats, cattle, seals, and cetaceans serve as natural hosts. This genus contains 10 species, one of which is extinct. Diseases in humans associated with viruses classified in this genus include measles; in animals, they include acute febrile respiratory tract infection and Canine distemper.[3] In 2013, a wave of increased death among the Common bottlenose dolphin population was attributed to morbillivirus.[4]

Quick Facts Virus classification, Species ...
Morbillivirus
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Measles virus electron micrograph
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Monjiviricetes
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Paramyxoviridae
Subfamily: Orthoparamyxovirinae
Genus: Morbillivirus
Species

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Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:[5]

Structure

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Schematic diagram of a Morbillivirus virion (cross section)

Morbillivirions are enveloped, with spherical geometries. Their diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15–16 kb in length. The genome codes for eight proteins.[2][3]

More information Genus, Structure ...
GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
MorbillivirusSphericalEnvelopedLinearMonopartite
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Morbillivirus genome map

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by virus attaching to host cell. Replication follows the negative-stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering, through co-transcriptional RNA editing is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding. Humans, cattle, dogs, cats, and cetaceans serve as the natural hosts. Infection from this virus takes place in five stages: incubation, prodromal, mucosal, diarrheic, and convalescent.[6][7] Transmission routes are respiratory.[2][3][8][9][10] Morbillivirus are sensitive to high temperatures, sunlight, extreme pH levels, and any chemical that can destroy its outer envelope.[11]

More information Genus, Host details ...
GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
MorbillivirusHumans, dogs, cats, cetaceansNoneGlycoproteinBuddingCytoplasmCytoplasmAerosols
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References

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