Minister of Education (China)

The Minister of Education of the People's Republic of China is the head of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China and a member of the State Council. Within the State Council, the position is fourth in order of precedence. The minister is responsible for leading the ministry, presiding over its meetings, and signing important documents related to the ministry. Officially, the minister is nominated by the premier of the State Council, who is then approved by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee and appointed by the president.^[1]

Minister of Education of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国教育部部长
National Emblem of the People's Republic of China
Flag of the People's Republic of China
Incumbent Huai Jinpeng since 20 August 2021
Ministry of Education
Status	Provincial-Ministerial level official
Member of	State Council
Seat	Ministry of Education Building, Xicheng District, Beijing
Nominator	Premier (chosen within the Chinese Communist Party)
Appointer	President with the confirmation of the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee
Precursor	Minister of Education of the Republic of China
Formation	19 October 1949; 75 years ago (1949-10-19)
First holder	Ma Xulun
Deputy	Vice Minister of Education
Website	www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_zzjg/moe_187/

The current minister is Huai Jinpeng, who concurrently serves as the Communist Party Secretary of the Ministry.

History

The Ministry of Education of the Central People's Government was established on 1 October 1949, and Ma Xulun became the first minister on 19 October. The ministry was reorganized to the Ministry of Education of the PRC in September 1954, and the title of the minister was also changed. On 26 July 1968, during the Cultural Revolution, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, the State Council and the Central Military Commission decided to implement military rule over the ministry; the Director of the Military Control Commission Zhu Kui served as the head of the ministry.^[2] On 22 June 1970, the Ministry of Education was abolished and merged into the Science and Education Group of the State Council. On 17 January 1975, the Science and Education Group of the State Council was abolished and the Ministry of Education was re-established. On 18 June 1985, the Ministry of Education was renamed to the State Education Commission,^[3] and was named back to the Ministry of Education on 10 March 1993.

List of ministers

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Important offices held during tenure	Premier	Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Term
Minister of Education of the Central People's Government
1		Ma Xulun 马叙伦 (1885–1970)	19 October 1949	15 November 1952	3 years, 27 days	Member of the Central People's Government Deputy Director of the Cultural and Educational Committee of the Central People's Government Director of the Chinese Character Reform Research Committee Chairman of the China Democratic League	Zhou Enlai	[4]
2		Zhang Xiruo 张奚若 (1889–1973)	15 November 1952	28 September 1954	1 year, 317 days	Vice Chairman of the Political and Legal Affairs Committee of the State Council President of the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs		[5]
Minister of Education of the People's Republic of China
2		Zhang Xiruo 张奚若 (1889–1973)	28 September 1954	11 February 1958	3 years, 136 days	Director of the Foreign Cultural Liaison Committee President of the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs	Zhou Enlai	[5]
3		Yang Xiufeng 杨秀峰 (1897–1983)	11 February 1958	22 July 1964	6 years, 162 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education Deputy Director of the Second Office of the State Council		[6]
–		Liu Jiping 刘季平 (1915–1990)	22 July 1964	4 October 1964	74 days	Deputy Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education		[7]
4		He Wei 何伟 (1910–1973)	4 October 1964	26 July 1968	3 years, 296 days			[8]
Director of the Military Control Commission of the Ministry of Education
–		Zhu Kui 朱奎 (1916–1982)	26 July 1968	22 June 1970	1 year, 331 days		Zhou Enlai	[9]
From 22 June 1970 to 17 January 1975, the post of Minister of Education was abolished.
Minister of Education of the People's Republic of China
5		Zhou Rongxin 周荣鑫 (1917–1976)	17 January 1975	13 April 1976	1 year, 87 days		Zhou Enlai ↓ Hua Guofeng	[10]
Vacant 13 April 1976 – 25 January 1977
6		Liu Xiyao 刘西尧 (1916–2013)	25 January 1977	23 February 1979	2 years, 29 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Hua Guofeng	[11]
7		Jiang Nanxiang 项怀诚 (1913–1988)	23 February 1979	4 May 1982	3 years, 70 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Hua Guofeng ↓ Zhao Ziyang	[12]
8		He Dongchang 何东昌 (1923–2014)	4 May 1982	18 June 1985	3 years, 45 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education Vice Chairman of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council	Zhao Ziyang	[13]
Director of the State Education Commission of the People's Republic of China
9		Li Peng 李鹏 (1928–2019)	18 June 1985	12 April 1988	2 years, 299 days	Vice Premier of the State Council Head of the State Council's Electronic Revitalization Leading Group Secretary of the CCP Secretariat Member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee Acting Premier of the State Council	Zhao Ziyang ↓ Li Peng	[14]
10		Li Tieying 李铁映 (born 1936)	12 April 1988	29 March 1993	4 years, 351 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the State Education Commission Member of the CCP Politburo State Councillor	Li Peng	[15]
11		Zhu Kaixuan 朱开轩 (1932–2016)	29 March 1993	10 March 1998	4 years, 346 days	Alternate Member of the CCP Central Committee Director of the NPC Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee		[16]
Minister of Education of the People's Republic of China
12		Chen Zhili 陈至立 (born 1942)	10 March 1998	17 March 2003	5 years, 7 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Zhu Rongji	[17]
13		Zhou Ji 周济 (born 1946)	17 March 2003	31 October 2009	6 years, 228 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Wen Jiabao	[18]
14		Yuan Guiren 袁贵仁 (born 1950)	31 October 2009	2 July 2016	6 years, 245 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Wen Jiabao ↓ Li Keqiang	[19]
15		Chen Baosheng 陈宝生 (born 1956)	2 July 2016	20 August 2021	5 years, 49 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Li Keqiang	[20]
16		Huai Jinpeng 怀进鹏 (born 1962)	20 August 2021	Incumbent	3 years, 91 days	Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education	Li Keqiang ↓ Li Qiang	[21]

Timeline

See also

• Ministry of Education (Taiwan) lists pre-1949 ministers of education in the Republic of China, which controlled portions of Mainland China until that year

References

1. "Constitution of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
2. Tang, Shaojie (23 July 2005). "唐少杰："文化大革命"时期清华工宣队诸问题述评" [Tang Shaojie: Comments on the Problems of Tsinghua Workers' Propaganda Team during the Cultural Revolution]. Aisixiang. Archived from the original on 9 June 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
3. "6月18日" [June 18]. Ministry of Education. 18 June 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
4. "马叙伦" [Ma Xulun]. The Portal Website of the Central People's Government. 16 December 2008. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
5. Song, Chundan (5 January 2021). "晚年张奚若" [Zhang Xiruo in his later years]. Tsinghua Alumni Association. Archived from the original on 8 October 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
6. "杨秀峰" [Yang Xiufeng]. The Portal Website of the Central People's Government. 17 December 2008. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
7. "刘季平" [Liu Jiping]. Shanghai Association for Science and Technology. 4 April 2005. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
8. "教育部部长——何伟" [Minister of Education - He Wei]. Zhumadian.com. 9 January 2015. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
9. "【史海钩沉】南保县工委书记朱奎的传奇经历" [[History] The legendary experience of Zhu Kui, secretary of the Nanbao County Working Committee]. Hubei Daily. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
10. "高官之女忆文革迫害:父亲74年曾报告唐山或大震" [The daughter of a high-ranking official recalls the persecution during the Cultural Revolution: My father reported in 1974 that there might be a major earthquake in Tangshan]. China News Network. 29 December 2008. Archived from the original on 29 December 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
11. "刘西尧同志逝世" [Comrade Liu Xiyao passed away]. Communist Party of China News Network. 23 September 2013. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
12. "清华大学功勋校长蒋南翔：人物生平" [Tsinghua University Meritorious President Jiang Nanxiang: Biography]. China Education Online. 14 November 2013. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
13. "何东昌同志遗体告别仪式举行" [The farewell ceremony for Comrade He Dongchang was held]. Tsinghua Alumni Association. 18 February 2014. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
14. "李鹏同志生平" [Comrade Li Peng's life]. Xinhua News Agency. 29 July 2019. Archived from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
15. "李铁映" [Li Tieying]. The Portal Website of the Central People's Government. 26 September 2008. Archived from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
16. Shen, Yongchang (30 March 2018). "学者型官员——朱开轩" [Scholar-official: Zhu Kaixuan]. Jinshan Newspaper. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
17. "中华全国妇女联合会第十届主席简历" [Resume of the 10th President of the All-China Women's Federation]. All-China Women's Federation. 6 November 2008. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
18. 港报：袁贵仁有望接任中国教育部长 Archived February 20, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
19. "教育部长袁贵仁" [Minister of Education Yuan Guiren]. Guzhen County People's Government. 28 January 2020. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
20. "Top legislature concludes bi-monthly session". Xinhua. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
21. Wu Xiaodong (武晓东) (20 August 2021). 怀进鹏任教育部部长！创了十八大以来的一个首例. sina (in Chinese). Retrieved 20 August 2021.