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The Mayor of Pichilemu is an elected politician who is the head of the executive branch of government of the commune of Pichilemu, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region, Chile. The mayor presides over the local city council, composed of six members, and serves as the civic representative of the commune. The mayor is popularly elected in a municipal election, by simple majority. The office is held for a four-year term without term limits.
| Mayor of Pichilemu | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Incumbent since 28 June 2021Cristian Pozo Parraguez | |
| Style | No courtesy, title or style |
| Appointer | Electorate of the commune of Pichilemu |
| Term length | Four years[1] |
| Inaugural holder | José María Caro Martínez 6 May 1894[2] |
| Succession | Every 6 December |
| Salary | CLP3,304,089 (USD7,054)[3] (as of February 2013) |
| Website | pichilemu.cl |
Forty different individuals, including acting mayors, have held the office of mayor since the commune of Pichilemu was created in December 1891. José María Caro Martínez, elected in 1894, was the inaugural mayor of the commune, and served for almost four consecutive terms, interrupted by his resignation in 1905. The current mayor is independent Cristian Pozo Parraguez, who was elected in May 2021 and took office on that 28 June.
Some mayors are particularly notable, for example: Conservative José María Caro Martínez (1830–1916), father of José María Caro Rodríguez, the first Chilean Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church;[4][5] Radical Carlos Rojas Pavez, the founder of Pichilemu, a newspaper which counted with collaborations of local journalist and historian José Arraño Acevedo and municipal worker Miguel Larravide Blanco;[6] and Christian Democrat Jorge Vargas González (b. 1967), a politician who was forced out of office in two different times, under charges of bribery.[7]
On 22 December 1891, President Jorge Montt and his Minister of the Interior Manuel Irarrázabal Larraín promulgated the Autonomous Commune Law (Ley de Comuna Autónoma), creating 195 communes, including that of Pichilemu. At the time, the territory of Pichilemu comprised the former subdelegations of Cáhuil, Peñablanca, and Cocauquén. Three years later, on 6 May 1894, Pichileminians formed the first local government. José María Caro Martínez was elected the first mayor of the commune on that day.[8]
Organisationally, the commune of Pichilemu has a mayor–council form of government.[9] This provides for a commune-wide elected mayor serving in an executive role, as well as a city council serving in a legislative role.[10] The mayor, as the highest authority of the commune of Pichilemu, has the responsibility to direct, manage and supervise the work of the municipality, and legally represents the commune. The mayor is also responsible for administrating the commune's financial resources, and municipal and national goods of public use, presides the local city council, and has the power to delegate his work to other functionaries of the local government, which he may appoint. Additionally, the mayor may give a public account of his gesture to the city council every year, usually in April; an extract of his account may be published to the community.[11] If the mayor dies in office, resigns, or is unable to carry out his/her duties, a councilor may be elected by the city council to replace the former mayor. In the meantime, the municipal secretary may take office as acting mayor. This has happened several times in Pichilemu: following the resignation of René Maturana Maldonado in April 1992, municipal secretary Gustavo Parraguez Galarce took over his office since, at the time, there were no councilors; in November 1998, mayor Jorge Vargas González was convicted of illegally giving a driver's license,[12] and the city council chose councilor Carlos Leyton Labarca until Vargas González resumed his duties in November 1999.
Municipal elections, during which mayors are elected, take place every four years; they take place one year before presidential elections (since 2008) in the last Sunday of October. A notable exception was the 2021 municipal election, as it was postponed from October 2020 to April 2021, and then to May 2021, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the 2016-2020 term was extended until 28 June 2021, while the 2020-2024 term was shortened by nearly seven months. Candidates must comply a number of requisites in order to run for mayor of Pichilemu; those include: to have completed secondary education (Enseñanza Media), to be a citizen, literate, to have resided in the Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region for at least two years before the election, and to have their military status regularized.[11] The mayor is usually sworn in on 6 December following the election. The next election for the mayor will be in 2024. Municipal elections originally elected three mayors, called primer, segundo, and tercer alcalde, and a number of regidores. For example, the results of the first elections in Pichilemu, for the term between 1894 and 1897, showed José María Caro Martínez, Pedro Nolasco de Mira, and Francisco Reyes elected as the first primer, segundo, and tercer alcalde of Pichilemu, respectively.[13] The role of the primer alcalde equals that of the current mayor of Pichilemu. However, voting was not popular: only taxpayers and landowners could vote. According to the Decree #5655 of 4 December 1945, regidores were popularly elected, and they had the faculty to vote for the mayor that would rule for the local government three-year term.[14] The 1973 Chilean coup d'état interrupted Washington Saldías Fuentealba's mayoral term, hence terminating possibilities of new elections. The military regime of Augusto Pinochet appointed seven mayors, who held the office in a period of nineteen years. Following the Chilean transition to democracy, the D'Hondt method of proportional representation was used in the municipal elections of 1992, 1996, and 2000: all candidates run in a single list, the most voted candidate becomes the mayor and other five/six become councilors, according to the aforementioned method. For the municipal elections beginning in 2004, candidates for mayor and councilor run in separate lists, and mayors are elected by simple majority of votes.[15]
To date, forty-two different individuals have served as mayor of the commune of Pichilemu. There have been 43 mayoralties, excluding those of acting mayors. Francisco Javier Asalgado, Sergio Morales Retamal, and Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez have served two non-consecutive terms, while Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel served for three. The longest term was that of Roberto Córdova Carreño, who served between December 2008 and June 2021, over twelve years. Before Córdova, the longest term was that of José María Caro Martínez, who served eleven years until his resignation one year before his fourth term expired. The shortest term was that of Gustavo Parraguez Galarce, an acting mayor who served only six days between 6 December and 12 December 2008, before the city council elected Roberto Córdova Carreño as the successor of Marcelo Cabrera Martínez, who was under trial at the time.[16] Excluding Parraguez Galarce, the shortest term of a mayor of Pichilemu was that of Osvaldo Sotomayor Ilabaca, which lasted a span of nine days, between 25 February and 6 March 1935. Only one mayor has died in office: Serafín López Lizana died after serving five months as mayor of the commune. Olga Maturana Espinosa is the only woman to have served as mayor.
| No. | Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Political party | Council | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
José María Caro Martínez[n 1] | 6 May 1894 | 7 May 1905 | Conservative[4][17] | 1894–97 term 1897–1900 term 1900–03 term 1903–06 term | |
| 2 |  |
Francisco Javier Asalgado | 7 May 1905 | 3 September 1909 | Conservative[18] | 1905–06 term 1906–09 term | |
| 3 | Carlos Ignacio Salas Salas[n 2] | 2 May 1909 | 3 May 1912 | Liberal[19] | 1909–12 term | ||
| 4 | |
Francisco Javier Asalgado[n 3] | 5 May 1912 | 22 September 1912 | Conservative[18] | 1912 term | |
| 5 | José Santos Becerra | 22 September 1912 | 2 May 1915 | Conservative[20] | 1912–15 term | ||
| 6 | Gustavo Silva Pizarro[n 4] | 4 May 1915 | 4 May 1924 | Conservative[21] | 1915–18 term 1918–21 term 1921–24 term | ||
| 7 | Luis Antonio Barahona Fornés[n 5] | 4 May 1924 | 24 December 1925 | Conservative[22] | 1924–25 term | ||
| 8 | Francisco Adriano Caro Rodríguez | 24 December 1925 | 22 May 1927 | Conservative[21] | 1925–27 term | ||
| 9 |  |
Evaristo Merino Canales de la Cerda[n 6] | 22 May 1927 | 14 May 1928 | Liberal[23] | 1927–28 term | |
| 10 | Manuel Camilo Silva | 14 May 1928 | 10 July 1928 | Liberal[24] | 1928 term | ||
| 11 | José Ramón Araneda y Araneda | 10 July 1928 | 12 July 1930 | Liberal[25] | None | ||
| 12 | Pastor Castro Rojas[n 7] | 12 July 1930 | 27 November 1930 | Liberal[25] | |||
| 13 | Fernando Maturana Barahona | 27 November 1930 | 16 October 1932 | Liberal[25] | 1930–32 term | ||
| 14 |  |
Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel | 16 October 1932 | 25 February 1935 | Liberal[26] | 1932–35 term | |
| 15 | Osvaldo Sotomayor Ilabaca | 25 February 1935 | 4 May 1935 | Liberal[27] | 1935 term | ||
| — | Alberto Morales Moraga | 4 May 1935 | 9 May 1935 | Liberal[28] | Unknown | ||
| 16 | Serafín López Lizana[n 8] | 25 May 1935 | October 1935 | Conservative[29] | 1935 term | ||
| 17 | Alberto Morales Moraga[n 9] | 14 October 1935 | 1 December 1935 | Liberal[29] | 1935 term | ||
| 18 |  |
Humberto Llanos Martínez[n 10] | 1 December 1935 | 18 May 1941 | Conservative[30] | 1935–38 term 1938–41 term | |
| 19 | |
Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel | 18 May 1941 | 21 May 1944 | Conservative[30] | 1941–44 term | |
| 20 |  |
Armando Caroca Rojas | 21 May 1944 | 18 May 1947 | Liberal[31] | 1944–47 term | |
| 21 |  |
Carlos Echazarreta Larraín | 18 May 1947 | 21 May 1950 | Social Christian Conservative[32] | 1947–50 term | |
| 22 |  |
Sergio Morales Retamal[n 11] | 21 May 1950 | 23 May 1951 | Liberal[32] | 1950–51 term | |
| 23 |  |
Olga Maturana Espinosa | 28 May 1951 | 17 May 1953 | Social Christian Conservative[32] | 1951–53 term | |
| 24 | |
Sergio Morales Retamal | 17 May 1953 | 20 May 1956 | Liberal[33] | 1953–56 term | |
| 25 | |
Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel | 20 May 1956 | 15 May 1960 | United Conservative[30] | 1956–60 term | |
| 26 | Basilio Sánchez Beguiristáin | 19 May 1960 | 19 May 1963 | United Conservative[34] | 1960–63 term | ||
| 27 |  |
Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez | 19 May 1963 | 21 May 1967 | United Conservative[35][36] | 1963–67 term | |
| 28 | Carlos Rojas Pavez | 21 May 1967 | 21 May 1971 | Radical[37] | 1967–71 term | ||
| 29 |  |
Washington Saldías Fuentealba[n 12] | 21 May 1971 | 11 September 1973 (coup d'état) |
Socialist[36] | 1971–75 term | |
| 30 | |
Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez | 29 September 1973 | 10 November 1973 | Christian Democratic[36] | None | |
| 31 | Mario Urrutia Carrasco | 7 December 1973 | 1975 | Independent[n 13] | |||
| 32 |  |
Eduardo Parraguez Galarce | 1975 | 23 May 1979 | Independent[n 13] | ||
| 33 |  |
José Lino Vargas Jorquera | 23 May 1979 | 20 April 1981 | Independent[n 13] | ||
| 34 | Julio Waidele Wolff | 20 April 1981 | 16 March 1982 | Independent[n 13] | |||
| 35 | Emilio Merino Lacoste | 16 March 1982 | 30 August 1984 | Independent[n 13] | |||
| 36 | René Maturana Maldonado[n 14] | 31 August 1984 | April 1992 | Unknown[n 15] | |||
| — | Gustavo Parraguez Galarce | April 1992 | 26 September 1992 | Unknown[n 15] | |||
| 37 | Orlando Cornejo Bustamante | 26 September 1992 | 6 December 1996 | Union of the Centrist Center[40] | 1992–96 term | ||
| 38 |  |
Jorge Vargas González[n 16] | 6 December 1996 | 9 November 1998 | Christian Democratic[41] | 1996–98 term | |
| — |  |
Carlos Leyton Labarca | 21 December 1998 | 4 November 1999 | Independent Democratic Union[41] | 1998–99 term | |
| — | |
Jorge Vargas González[n 17] | 4 November 1999 | 20 July 2007 | Christian Democratic[41] | 1999–2000 term 2000–04 term 2004–07 term | |
| 39 |  |
Víctor Rojas González[n 18] | 27 July 2007 | 12 September 2007 | Christian Democratic[41] | 2007 term | |
| — | Gustavo Parraguez Galarce[n 19] | 12 September 2007 | 23 November 2007 | Unknown[n 15] | |||
| 40 |  |
Marcelo Cabrera Martínez[n 20] | 23 November 2007 | April 2008 | Independent | 2007–08 term | |
| — |  |
Marcia González González[n 21] | 16 May 2008 | 4 June 2008 | Unknown[n 15] | ||
| — | |
Marcelo Cabrera Martínez | 4 June 2008 | 26 September 2008 | Independent | ||
| — | Luis Calderón Gómez[n 22] | 29 September 2008 | 12 November 2008 | Unknown[n 15] | |||
| 41 |  |
Hernán Garrido Salas[n 23] | 12 November 2008 | 6 December 2008 | Party for Democracy[41] | 2008 term | |
| — | Gustavo Parraguez Galarce[n 24] | 6 December 2008 | 12 December 2008 | Unknown[n 15] | 2008 term[59] | ||
| — | .jpg) |
Roberto Córdova Carreño[n 25] | 12 December 2008 | 18 May 2009 | Socialist[41] | 2008–09 term[61] | |
| — | |
Marcelo Cabrera Martínez[n 26] | 18 May 2009 | 19 August 2009 | Independent | 2009 term | |
| 42 | |
Roberto Córdova Carreño[n 27] | 1 September 2009 | 28 June 2021 | Socialist[41] | 2009–12 term 2012–16 term[66] 2016–21 term[67] | |
| 43 | |
Cristian Pozo Parraguez | 28 June 2021 | incumbent | Independent | 2021–24 term | |
The timeline shows changes of the head of the executive branch of the municipality of Pichilemu from its creation in May 1894 until today.
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roberto del Carmen Córdova Carreño | Socialist Party of Chile/New Majority | 4,435 | 54.4 | |
| Marcelo Cabrera Martínez | Independent/Chile Vamos | 857 | 10.5 | |
| Jorge Fabián Vargas González | Independent | 2,797 | 34.3 | |
| Mario Alejandro Moraga Cáceres | Independent | 70 | 0.9 | |
| Valid votes | 8,159 | 98.73 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 105 | 1.27 | ||
| Total | 8,264 | 100 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 12,989 | 63.6 | ||
| Source: El Mercurio[68] | ||||
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