Marievale Bird Sanctuary

Marievale Bird Sanctuary is a protected area in Gauteng, South Africa. It is a Ramsar site^[1] about 15 km² in size, and situated on the East Rand on the southern half of the Blesbokspruit wetland. The Blesbokspruit is a major perennial river in Gauteng which is flanked by extensive floodplains on either side. Nearby is the Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve.^[2]

Marievale Bird Sanctuary
Location	Blesbokspruit
Nearest city	Nigel
Coordinates	26°21′35″S 28°30′32″E
Area	1,526.01 ha (3,770.9 acres)
Established	26 April 1978
Administered by	Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs
Camp sites	2
Website	Marievale Bird Sanctuary

History

In 1978, a reserve 524 ha in extent was established.^[3] This was further extended to 1,526.01 ha.^[4]

Biodiversity

The Blesbokspruit wetland, in which the sanctuary is situated, is designated as an Important Bird Area.^[5] Almost 300 bird species frequent the wetland,^[1] according to the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA),^[6] with the best time to visit being between spring and the start of summer.^[2][7]

Birds

Birds found at the wetland include:^[2][7]

• African grass owl
• African spoonbill
• Baird's sandpiper
• Baillon's crake
• Black heron
• Black-winged pratincole
• Black-tailed godwit
• Buff-breasted sandpiper
• Caspian tern
• Curlew sandpiper
• African snipe
• Fulvous whistling duck
• Great egret
• Goliath heron
• Marsh owl
• Pectoral sandpiper
• Purple heron
• Red-chested flufftail
• Sand martin
• Red-knobbed coot
• Reed cormorant
• South African shelduck
• Slaty egret
• Squacco heron
• Western yellow wagtail
• Yellow-billed duck

Mammals

Yellow Mongoose

In addition to birds, mammals have also been observed in the sanctuary:

• Blesbok
• Cape clawless otter
• Three species of mongoose
• Southern reedbuck
• Cape hare

Vegetation

Within the wetland phragmites, typha and juncus reeds can be found between the water pans.^[1] A grassland biome occurs near the eastern border.^[1]

Activities

There is a conference centre and 2 chalets in the sanctuary.^[2] There are four bird hides at the water pans^[2] (named Flamingo, Hadeda, Duiker and Shelduck) and a public picnic site in the reserve.^[1]

Threats

The flow of the Blesbokspruit has been hampered by the surrounding industries, i.e. gold mine tailings, sewage treatment plants, farmland expansion and urban development in some parts of the wetland, creating disjointed pans of water in the wetland.^[7][8] Previously the river had few reed beds and few open stretches of shallow water. With the profusion of vegetation like sedges, bulrushes, duckweed and reeds, and the dumping of several large sand embankments through urban expansion, the landscape has since changed, resulting in the reduction of suitable habitat on the river.^[8]

Gallery

• Selection of species from the Marievale Bird Sanctuary
• 
  Red-knobbed coot
• 
  African swamphen
• 
  Spotted-necked otter
• 
  A moorhen family in the sanctuary
• 
  African darter
• 
  Lesser flamingo flock
• 
  Black-headed heron
• 
  Cape shoveler
• 
  Greater flamingo
• 
  Purple heron
• 
  White-throated swallow
• 
  Black crake
• 
  African rail
• 
  Greater striped swallow
• 
  Juvenile male Southern red bishop

References

1. "Marievale Bird Sanctuary". www.nigel.co.za. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
2. "Marievale Bird Sanctuary: Gauteng Tourism Authority". www.gauteng.net. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
3. "Gazetted Name: Marievale Bird Sanctuary" (PDF).
4. "Protected Areas Register". dffeportal.environment.gov.za. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
5. "Important Bird & Biodiversity Areas of the North West and Gauteng" (PDF).
6. Marievale Bird Sanctuary flyer. WESSA. 2009
7. "Marievale Bird Sanctuary, Gauteng". www.sa-venues.com. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
8. "Blesbokspruit". BirdLife South Africa. Retrieved 25 May 2022.

External links

• Media related to Marievale Bird Sanctuary at Wikimedia Commons