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Spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Malin 1 is a giant low surface brightness (LSB) spiral galaxy.[1][5] It is located 1.19 billion light-years (366 Mpc) away in the constellation Coma Berenices, near the North Galactic Pole. It is one of the largest known spiral galaxies, with an approximate diameter of 650,000 light-years (200,000 pc),[6][7][8] thus over six times the diameter of our Milky Way. It was discovered by astronomer David Malin in 1986 and is the first LSB galaxy verified to exist.[5][8][6] Its high surface brightness central spiral is 30,000 light-years (9,200 pc) across, with a bulge of 10,000 light-years (3,100 pc).[6] The central spiral is a SB0a type barred-spiral.[6]
| Malin 1 | |
|---|---|
Image by the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys, Data Release 10 | |
| Observation data (J2000.0[1] epoch) | |
| Constellation | Coma Berenices [2] |
| Right ascension | 12h 36m 59.34697s [1] |
| Declination | +14° 19′ 49.1585″ [1] |
| Redshift | 0.082702±0.000013 [3] |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 24750±10 km/s [3] |
| Galactocentric velocity | 24707±10 km/s [3] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 15.809±0.009[3] |
| Absolute magnitude (V) | −22.01±0.50[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | SB0a [1] |
| Mass | ~1012[4] M☉ |
| Size | 34.11 to 36.39 kpc (111,250 to 118,690 ly) (diameter; D25.0 B-band and 2MASS K-band total isophotes)[3][a] |
| Apparent size (V) | 0.25′ × 0.23′[3] |
| Notable features | Surrounded by a H I disk |
| Other designations | |
| PGC 42102, LEDA 42102, VPC 1091, 2MASX J12365934+1419494, Gaia DR2 3932516418935413504[1] | |
Malin 1 is peculiar in several ways: its diameter alone would make it the largest barred spiral galaxy ever to have been observed.[4]
Malin 1 was found later to be interacting with two other galaxies, Malin 1B and SDSS J123708.91+142253.2. Malin 1B is located 46,000 light-years (14,000 pc) away from the high surface brightness central spiral of Malin 1, which may be responsible for the formation of the galaxy's central bar. Meanwhile, SDSS J123708.91+142253.2 is located within the huge, faint halo of Malin 1 and might have caused the formation of the extended low surface brightness disc through tidal stripping.
Observations by Galaz et al. in April 2014 revealed a detailed view of the spiral structure of Malin 1 in optical bands. The galaxy exhibits giant and very faint spiral arms, with some segments up to 33,000 light-years (10,000 pc) in diameter. Other details, such as possible stellar streams and formation regions, are revealed as well.[9] The same authors also say that Malin 1 is larger than thought, with another estimated diameter of around 750,000 light-years (230,000 pc).[9]
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