Madhi Madhi language

Madhi-Madhi, also known as Muthimuthi or Madi Madi,^[3] is an Indigenous Australian language spoken by the Muthi Muthi Aboriginal people of New South Wales.^[4] It is also known as Madhi Madhi, Madi Madi, Bakiin, Mataua, Matimati, Matthee matthee, Moorta Moorta, Mudhi Mudhi, Muthimuthi, Muti muti, Muttee Muttee, Madimadi, Mutte Mutte, or Madi madi.^[5]

Madhi-Madhi
Native to	Australia
Region	New South Wales
Ethnicity	Madhi Madhi
Extinct	(date missing)
Revival	[1]
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Kulinic Madhi–Ladji–Wadi Madhi-Madhi
Language codes
ISO 639-3	dmd
Glottolog	madh1244
AIATSIS[2]	D8
ELP	Mathi-Mathi

Luise Hercus^[6] published in 1989 a substantial amount of Madhi Madhi language data recorded from Jack Long, whom she described as "the last Madimadi man".

Phonology

Consonants

	Labial	Velar	Dental	Palatal	Alveolar	Retroflex
Plosive	p	k	t̪	(c)	t	ʈ
Nasal	m	ŋ	n̪	(ɲ)	n	ɳ
Rhotic					ɾ
Lateral			l̪		l	ɭ
Approximant	w			j

/t̪, n̪/ are heard as palatal sounds [c, ɲ] when before front vowels.

Voicing among stop sounds /p, k, t̪~c, t, ʈ/ as [b, ɡ, d̪~ɟ, d, ɖ] may also be heard in syllable-initial positions or when following nasal sounds.

/t̪/ can be lenited as [θ] when in intervocalic positions, and as [ð] in post-nasal, word-medial position.

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e
Low		a

Vowels are heard as [ɪ, ɛ~ə, ɐ, ʊ] when in lax positions.

References

1. Bowern, Claire (2011). How many languages were spoken in Australia?.
2. D8 Madhi-Madhi at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
3. • ISO 639-3 Registration Authority (2011). Change Request Number 2011-102: adopted create [dmd] (2012-02-03). Dallas: SIL International.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
4. Rees D. Barrett, Significant People in Australia's History, Issue 1 (Macmillan Education AU, 2009 ) p13.
5. "D8: Mutti Mutti / Muthi Muthi". AUSTLANG. AIATSIS. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
6. Hercus, L. A. "Three linguistic studies from far south western NSW", Aboriginal History, 1989; v. 13 no. 1-2., p. 44-62. Archived 23 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine.

• Blake, Barry J.; Hercus, Louise; Morey, Stephen; Ryan, Edward (2011). The Mathi group of languages (PDF). Canberra: Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-85883-635-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 July 2020.