Luntai County

Luntai County,^[2] also known as Bugur County^[3][4][5] or Bügür County^[2][6] (transliterated from Mongolian), is a county in central Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 14,189 km² (5,478 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 90,000.

Map including northern part of the county (ATC, 1972)

Luntai County 轮台县 (Chinese) بۈگۈر ناھىيىسى (Uyghur) ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠱᠢᠨᠢ (Mongolian) Bugur County
County
Location of Luntai County (red) within Bayingolin Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang
Luntai Location of the seat in Xinjiang Show map of Bayingolin Luntai Luntai (Xinjiang) Show map of Xinjiang Luntai Luntai (China) Show map of China
Coordinates: 41°46′N 84°10′E
Country	China
Autonomous region	Xinjiang
Autonomous prefecture	Bayingolin
County seat	Luntai Town (Bügür)
Area
• Total	14,181.7 km2 (5,475.6 sq mi)
Population  (2020)[1]
• Total	137,327
• Density	9.7/km2 (25/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard[lower-alpha 1])
Website	www.xjlt.gov.cn

Luntai County
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	轮台县
Traditional Chinese	輪台縣
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Lúntái Xiàn
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	布古尔县
Traditional Chinese	布古爾縣
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bùgǔ'ěr Xiàn
Mongolian name
Mongolian script	ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠱᠢᠨᠢ
Uyghur name
Uyghur	بۈگۈر ناھىيىسى‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Bügür Nahiyisi Yengi Yeziⱪ Bügür Nah̡iyisi SASM/GNC Bügür Nahiyisi Siril Yëziqi Бүгүр наһийиси

Luntai has a long history associated with China. When the city refused aid to Li Guangli's Fergana campaign (c. 101 BC), the inhabitants were slaughtered. Around 80 BC, a military colony of the Han dynasty was established on the site.^[7] In 60 BC, the Han dynasty established the Protectorate of the Western Regions, with the Protector General stationed in Wulei^[8] in present Luntai County.^[9]

As of 1885^[update], there was about 25,100 acres (165,700 mu) of cultivated land in Bugur.^[10]

Demographics

The proportion of nationalities in Luntai (Bügür) County Nationality Percentage Uyghurs   82.5% Han   17.0% Hui   0.3% Others   0.2% Source of the population statistics :[11]

Administrative divisions

Luntai County includes 4 towns and 7 townships.

Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Uyghur (UEY)	Uyghur Latin (ULY)	Mongolian (traditional)	Mongolian (Cyrillic)	Administrative division code
Towns
Luntai Town	轮台镇	Lúntái Zhèn	بۈگۈر بازىرى	bügür baziri			652822100
Lunnan Town	轮南镇	Lúnnán Zhèn	جەنۇبىي بۈگۈر بازىرى	jenubiy bügür baziri			652822101
Qumpak Town	群巴克镇	Qúnbākè Zhèn	چۇمپاق بازىرى	chumpaq baziri			652822102
Yengisar Town	阳霞镇	Yángxiá Zhèn	يېڭىسار بازىرى	yëngisar baziri			652822103
Townships
Karabag Township	哈尔巴克乡	Hā'ěrbākè Xiāng	قارىباغ يېزىسى	qaribagh yëzisi			652822201
Yeyungou Township (Eshme Township)	野云沟乡	Yěyúngōu Xiāng	ئەشمە يېزىسى	Eshme yëzisi			652822202
Aksaray Township	阿克萨来乡	Ākèsàlái Xiāng	ئاقساراي يېزىسى	Aqsaray yëzisi			652822203
Tarlak Township	塔尔拉克乡	Tǎ'ěrlākè Xiāng	تارلاق يېزىسى	tarlaq yëzisi			652822204
Caohu Township	草湖乡	Cǎohú Xiāng	سوخۇ يېزىسى	soxu yëzisi			652822205
Terakbazar Township	铁热克巴扎乡	Tiěrèkèbāzhā Xiāng	تېرەكبازار يېزىسى	tërekbazar yëzisi			652822206
Qedir Township	策达雅乡	Cèdáyǎ Xiāng	چېدىر يېزىسى	chëdir yëzisi			652822207

Climate

Climate data for Luntai, elevation 982 m (3,222 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−1.5 (29.3)	5.9 (42.6)	15.0 (59.0)	23.4 (74.1)	28.4 (83.1)	32.1 (89.8)	33.8 (92.8)	32.7 (90.9)	27.9 (82.2)	20.1 (68.2)	9.8 (49.6)	0.2 (32.4)	19.0 (66.2)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−7.8 (18.0)	−1.0 (30.2)	7.9 (46.2)	16.1 (61.0)	21.2 (70.2)	25.0 (77.0)	26.5 (79.7)	25.4 (77.7)	20.4 (68.7)	11.9 (53.4)	2.7 (36.9)	−5.4 (22.3)	11.9 (53.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−12.7 (9.1)	−6.8 (19.8)	1.5 (34.7)	9.2 (48.6)	14.4 (57.9)	18.3 (64.9)	19.9 (67.8)	18.8 (65.8)	13.7 (56.7)	5.5 (41.9)	−2.6 (27.3)	−9.6 (14.7)	5.8 (42.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	1.4 (0.06)	1.9 (0.07)	1.6 (0.06)	4.0 (0.16)	7.5 (0.30)	15.3 (0.60)	12.8 (0.50)	11.5 (0.45)	4.9 (0.19)	2.5 (0.10)	3.8 (0.15)	1.7 (0.07)	68.9 (2.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	2.0	1.2	0.9	1.6	3.0	5.2	6.2	5.0	2.7	1.2	1.0	1.8	31.8
Average snowy days	5.4	2.0	0.3	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0.1	1.2	4.8	13.9
Average relative humidity (%)	69	57	39	31	32	37	40	41	44	50	59	71	48
Mean monthly sunshine hours	155.1	174.2	197.7	221.8	255.6	254.4	271.7	261.2	246.6	236.5	185.6	141.6	2,602
Percent possible sunshine	52	57	53	55	56	56	60	62	67	70	64	50	59
Source: China Meteorological Administration[12][13]

Notes

1. Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.

References

1. Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
2. Xie Yuzhong 解玉忠 (2003). 地名中的新疆 (in Simplified Chinese). Ürümqi: 新疆人民出版社. pp. 138–141. ISBN 7-228-08004-1. 轮台 Luntai(Bügür)
3. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (2010). 建筑抗震设计规范 [GB50011-2010: Code for Seismic Design of Buildings] (in English and Simplified Chinese). Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press. p. 203 – via Google Books. Bugur County
4. "Sandstorm strands 4,000 train passengers in Xinjiang". 中华网. 2008-08-05. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020 – via Internet Archive. Bugur County ... Xinhua Photo
5. "Rights Groups Condemn China's Detention of RFA Reporters' Relatives". Radio Free Asia. 2018-03-01. Archived from the original on 17 November 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2020. RFA Uyghur broadcaster Kurban Niyaz's youngest brother, Hasanjan Niyaz, was arrested in May 2017 in Bugur county, and in July sentenced to six years in jail on charges of "holding ethnic hatred."
6. Zhong Xingqi 钟兴麒, ed. (July 2008). 西域地名考录 (in Simplified Chinese). Beijing: 国家图书馆出版社. pp. 604–605. ISBN 978-7-5013-3628-9. 轮台 lún tái Bügür {...} 轮台县 (Bugur)
7. Loewe, Michael (1979). "Introduction". In Hulsewé, Anthony François Paulus (ed.). China in Central Asia: The Early Stage: 125 BC – AD 23. Brill. pp. 1–70. ISBN 978-90-04-05884-2. Pages 43, 46.
8. Thought and Law in Qin and Han China: Studies Dedicated to Anthony Hulsewâe on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday. Brill Archive. 1990. ISBN 978-90-04-09269-3.
9. The General Theory of Dunhuang Studies. Springer. 25 March 2022. ISBN 978-981-16-9073-0.
10. Herold J. Wiens (November 1966). "Cultivation Development and Expansion in China's Colonial Realm in Central Asia". The Journal of Asian Studies. 26 (1): 75. doi:10.2307/2051832. JSTOR 2051832. S2CID 162339064.
11. 3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 [3-7 Population by Nationality by Prefecture, State, City and County (City)]. tjj.xinjiang.gov.cn (in Chinese). Statistical Bureau of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. 2020-06-10. Archived from the original on 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
12. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
13. "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.

Further reading

• Yap, Joseph P, (2019). The Western Regions, Xiongnu and Han, from the Shiji, Hanshu and Hou Hanshu. ISBN 978-1792829154