Ludmilla of Bohemia

Not to be confused with Ludmila of Bohemia.

Ludmilla (Ludmiła) of Bohemia (died 14 August 1240) was a daughter of Frederick, Duke of Bohemia, and his wife, Elizabeth of Hungary. Ludmilla was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty. She was Duchess consort of Bavaria by her marriage to Louis I, Duke of Bavaria.

Ludmilla of Bohemia
Duchess consort of Bavaria
Tenure	1204 – 1231
Born	c. 1170 Bohemia
Died	14 August 1240 Seligenthal convent, Landshut
Burial	Seligenthal convent, Landshut
Spouse	Adalbert VI, Count of Bogen Louis I, Duke of Bavaria
Issue	Berthold IV, Count of Bogen Albert IV, Count of Bogen Diepold of Bogen Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Dynasty	Přemyslid
Father	Frederick, Duke of Bohemia
Mother	Elisabeth of Hungary

Family

Ludmilla was the third of six children born to her parents. Her siblings were Helena of Bohemia, betrothed to Manuel I Komnenos but never married, and Sophia of Bohemia, wife of Albert, Margrave of Meissen. The rest of Ludmilla's siblings were short-lived or died in early adulthood.

Ludmilla's paternal grandparents were Vladislaus II of Bohemia and his first wife Gertrude of Babenberg. Her maternal grandparents were Géza II of Hungary and his wife Euphrosyne of Kiev.

Geza was son of Béla II of Hungary and his wife Helena of Raška.

Bela was son of Prince Álmos and his wife Predslava of Kiev, who was daughter of Sviatopolk II of Kiev and an unknown Bohemian princess.

Marriages

Ludmilla married twice and had issue in both of her marriages. Her first marriage was to Count Albert III of Bogen, making Ludmilla Countess of Bogen. The couple had three children from their marriage, all sons:

• Berthold IV, Count of Bogen (d. 1218) married Kunigunda of Hirschberg, no known issue.
• Albert IV, Count of Bogen (d. 1242) married Richeza of Dillingen.
• Diepold of Bogen (d. 1219) a priest in Regensburg.

Albert died in 1197 and was succeeded by his eldest son with Ludmilla, Berthold.

Ludmilla then married Louis I, Duke of Bavaria,^[1] (also known as Ludwig^[2]) a former enemy of her first husband. The marriage was good for Louis because it created an alliance with Ludmilla's uncle, Ottokar I of Bohemia. The couple had one son:

• Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria (7 April 1206 – 29 November 1253), next Duke of Bavaria.^[3]

Louis and Ludmilla tried to find a suitable bride for their only child. Otto married Agnes of the Palatinate in 1222. Within time, Agnes' closer relatives died and she became Countess of Palatinate, which became part of the Bavarian inheritance, starting with Ludmilla's grandson, Louis II, Duke of Bavaria.

Widowhood

Louis was murdered in 1231 on a bridge in Kelheim.^[4] The crime was never cleared up since the murderer was immediately lynched. Due to the following aversion of the Wittelsbach family the city of Kelheim lost its status as one of the ducal residences. Louis was buried in the crypt of Scheyern Abbey.

Ludmilla lived to see the birth of four or five grandchildren from Otto and Agnes: Louis II, Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria, Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany, Sophie and Agnes.

Ludmilla founded the Seligenthal convent, on the land of the hospital of the Holy Ghost near Landshut, Niederbayern, in 1232, as an independent foundation.^[5] It was the first female Cistercian order in Bavaria and the convent and church were completed by 1259.^[6] She remained here for the rest of her days. Ludmilla died there 14 August 1240 and her body was buried there.^{[citation needed]}

Ancestors

Ancestors of Ludmilla of Bohemia

16. Vratislaus II of Bohemia 8. Vladislaus I, Duke of Bohemia 17. Świętosława of Poland 4. Vladislaus II of Bohemia 18. Henry I of Berg-Schelklingen 9. Richeza of Berg 19. Adelheid of Mochental 2. Frederick, Duke of Bohemia 20. Leopold II, Margrave of Austria 10. Leopold III, Margrave of Austria 21. Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg 5. Gertrude of Babenberg 22. Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor 11. Agnes of Germany 23. Bertha of Savoy 1. Ludmilla of Bohemia 24. Álmos of Hungary 12. Béla II of Hungary 25. Predslava of Kiev 6. Géza II of Hungary 26. Uroš I of Rascia 13. Helena of Raška 27. Anna Diogenissa 3. Elisabeth of Hungary 28. Vladimir II Monomakh 14. Mstislav I of Kiev 29. Gytha of Wessex 7. Euphrosyne of Kiev 30. Dmitry Zavidich 15. Liubava Dmitrievna

References

1. Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (1999). Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Yorkin Publications. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-7876-4080-4.
2. Jaspert, Nikolas (2019). Queens, Princesses and Mendicants: Close Relations in a European Perspective. LIT Verlag Münster. ISBN 978-3-643-91092-9.
3. Mueller, Steven (2007). The Wittelsbach Dynasty. Waldmann Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-9702576-3-5.
4. Harings, Egon (2018-08-17). Germany before and after the Thirty Years' War: From Martin Luther to the French Revolution. tredition. ISBN 978-3-7469-6128-6.
5. University of St Andrews: Monastic Matrix. "Seligenthal". arts.st-andrews.ac.uk. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
6. Victoria and Albert Museum. Agnes, Duchess of Lower Bavaria ca. 1309-1314, retrieved 14 September 2024.

Preceded by Agnes of Loon	Duchess of Bavaria 1204–1231	Succeeded by Agnes of the Palatinate