Louis Hodes

Louis Hodes (June 19, 1934 – June 30, 2008) was an American mathematician, computer scientist, and cancer researcher.^[1]

Louis Hodes
Born	(1934-06-19)19 June 1934 New York City, United States
Died	19 June 2008(2008-06-19) (aged 74) Bethesda, Maryland
Citizenship	United States
Education	B.S., Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Ph.D., MIT (1962)
Known for	Lisp Pattern recognition Logic programming
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematics Computer science Cancer research
Institutions	Massachusetts Institute of Technology National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute
Thesis	Hyperarithmetical Real Numbers and Hyperarithmetical Analysis  (1962)
Doctoral advisor	Hartley Rogers

Early life and computer science work

Louis Hodes got his Bachelor of Science (B.S.) from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. He got his Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1962, under Hartley Rogers with a thesis on computability.^[1] With John McCarthy, in the late 1950s and early 1960s, he helped produce the earliest implementations of the programming language Lisp,^[2] and under Marvin Minsky he did early research on visual pattern recognition in Lisp.^[3][4][5] He is also credited by some with the idea, and an initial implementation, of logic programming.^[1][6][7][8]

Cancer research

In 1966 he moved into cancer-related research, specifically at National Institutes of Health and later the National Cancer Institute where he turned his interest in visual pattern recognition to medical imaging applications.^[1][9] He also worked on efficient algorithms for screening chemical compounds for studying chemical carcinogenesis.^{[1][10][11][12][13][14]} His work on models of clustering for chemical compounds was pronounced a "milestone" by the Developmental Therapeutics Program of the National Cancer Institute, for "revolutioniz[ing] the selection of compounds of interest by measuring the novelty of a chemical structure by comparing it to known compounds."^[15]

References

1. "Obituaries: Louis Hodes: Scientist". The Washington Post. 1 Aug 2008.
2. McCarthy, J.; Brayton, R.; Edwards, D.; Fox, P.; Hodes, L.; Luckham, D.; Maling, K.; Park, D.; Russell, S. (March 1960), LISP I Programmers Manual (PDF), Boston, Massachusetts: Artificial Intelligence Group, M.I.T. Computation Center and Research Laboratory, archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-17, retrieved 11 May 2010
3. MIT research summary report, ch.XVI: Artificial Intelligence, p.166
4. "Artificial Intelligence Project – RLE and MIT Computation Center Memo 18 – Some results from a pattern recognition program using LISP", undated memo,
5. Hodes, L. "Machine Processing of Line Drawings", M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory Report, 54G-0028 March 1961
6. Minker, Jack (1988). "Perspectives in deductive databases". The Journal of Logic Programming. 5: 33–60. doi:10.1016/0743-1066(88)90006-4.
7. Lobo, Jorge; Minker, Jack; Rajasekar, Arcot (1992). Foundations of Disjunctive Logic Programming. MIT Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-262-12165-1.
8. Hodes, L. Hodes (1966). "Programming languages, logic and cooperative games". Proceedings of the first ACM symposium on Symbolic and algebraic manipulation. pp. 1201–1217.
9. "A programming system for the on-line analysis of biomedical images", Communications of the ACM v.13, #5 (May 1970) pp. 279–283 ISSN 0001-0782
10. Feldman, Alfred; Hodes, Louis (1979). "Substructure Search with Queries of Varying Specificity". Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences. 19 (3): 125–129. doi:10.1021/ci60019a003.
11. Hodes, Louis (1986). "A two-component approach to predicting antitumor activity from chemical structure in large-scale screening". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 29 (11): 2207–2212. doi:10.1021/jm00161a013. PMID 3783583.
12. Hodes, Louis (1989). "Clustering a large number of compounds. 1. Establishing the method on an initial sample". Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences. 29 (2): 66–71. doi:10.1021/ci00062a004. PMID 2745581.
13. Hodes, Louis (1981). "Selection of molecular fragment features for structure-activity studies in antitumor screening". Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences. 21 (3): 132–136. doi:10.1021/ci00031a004. PMID 7287834.
14. Hodes, Louis (1981). "Computer-aided selection of compounds for antitumor screening: Validation of a statistical-heuristic method". Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences. 21 (3): 128–132. doi:10.1021/ci00031a003. PMID 7287833.
15. "Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP)". National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis. Retrieved 2024-10-31.