Long-nosed snake

The long-nosed snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei) is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to North America. It has two recognized subspecies. The other species in the genus were previously considered subspecies.^{[citation needed]}

Long-nosed snake
Texas long-nosed snake Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Colubridae
Genus:	Rhinocheilus
Species:	R. lecontei
Binomial name
Rhinocheilus lecontei Baird & Girard, 1853
Synonyms
Rhinocheilus lecontei Baird & Girard, 1853 Rhinochilus [sic] lecontei — Cope, 1866[2] Rhinochilus lecontii [sic] Boulenger, 1894[3] Rhinocheilus lecontei — Stejneger & Barbour, 1917[4]

Etymology

The specific name, lecontei, commemorates American entomologist John Lawrence Le Conte (1825–1883).^[5]

Description

The long-nosed snake is distinguished by a long, slightly upturned snout, which is the origin of its common name. It is tricolor, vaguely resembling a coral snake, with black and red saddling on a yellow or cream-colored background. Cream-colored spots within the black saddles are a distinct characteristic of the long-nosed snake. It differs from all other harmless snakes in the United States by having undivided subcaudal scales.^[6] The total length (including tail) of adults is usually 22–32 in (56–81 cm), but the maximum record total length is 41 in (100 cm).^[7]

Behavior

R. lecontei is a shy, nocturnal burrowing snake. It spends most of its time buried underground.^{[citation needed]}

Diet

The long-nosed snake feeds on lizards, amphibians, and sometimes smaller snakes and infrequently rodents.^{[citation needed]}

Reproduction

R. lecontei is oviparous,^[8] laying clutches of 4-9 eggs in the early summer, which hatch in the late summer or early fall.^{[citation needed]}

Defense

The long-nosed snake is not apt to bite, but will release a foul smelling musk and blood^[9] from the cloaca as a defense mechanism if harassed.

Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of the long-nosed snake are desert, grassland, shrubland, and savanna.^[1]

Geographic range

R. lecontei is found in northern Mexico from San Luis Potosí to Chihuahua, and into the southwestern United States, in California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Arizona, New Mexico, southeastern Colorado, southwestern Kansas,^[8] Oklahoma,^[10] and Texas.^[8]

Subspecies

• Western long-nosed snake, Rhinocheilus lecontei lecontei Baird & Girard, 1853
• Texas long-nosed snake, Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus Garman, 1883

Texas long-nosed snake, Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus

In captivity

The long-nosed snake is not often found in the exotic pet trade as it frequently rejects rodent-based diets that are most readily available for captive snakes.^{[citation needed]}

Western long-nosed snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei lecontei) at Phoenix Zoo.