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This list of shtetls and shtots (eastern European towns and cities with significant pre-Holocaust Jewish populations) is organized by country.
Some villages that are listed at Yad Vashem have not been included here.
Town | Yiddish Name[1][2] | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Antopal | אנטיפאָליע | Antipolye | 1,792 (1921) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Byerazino | בערעזין | Berezin | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Brahin | בראָהין | Brohin | 2,254 (1897) | Town survived. |
Chawusy | טשאָוס | Tshous | 7,444 (1897) | Town survived. |
Davyd-Haradok | דאַװיד האָראָדוק | David Horoduk | 4,350 (1940) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Hrodno | גראָדנע | Grodne | ~25,000 (1940) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Hlybokaye | גלובאָק | Glubok | Compare Lithuanian name Glubokas. Town survived. | |
Iwye | אײװיע | Eyvye | City survived. | |
Kamyenyets | קאַמעניץ | Kamenitz | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Lakhwa | לאַכװע | Lakhve | ~2,300 (1940) | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. |
Luninets | לונינײץ | Luninyitz | Town survived. | |
Mahilyow | מאָלעװ | Molev | 21,500 (1897) | City survived. |
Motal | מאָטעלע | Motele | 1,354 (1937) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Obech | Town survived. | |||
Polatsk | פּאָלאָצק | Polotzk | City survived. | |
Ruzhany | ראָזשינאָי | Rozhinoi | ~3,500 (1940) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Sapotskin | סאפעטקין | Sapetkin | 1,300 (1941) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Shklow | שקלאָװ | Shklov | 2,132 (1939) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Slonim | סלאָנים | Slonim | 10,000+ (1940) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Slutsk | סלוצק | Slutzk | 10,264 (1897) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. Tens of thousands killed in the Slutsk affair. |
Stolin | סטאָלין | Stolin | 7,000+ (1940) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Svislach | סװיסלאָװיטש | Svislovitsh | 600-700 (1940) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. See Svisloch Ghetto Liquidation.[ru] |
Turaw | טוראָװ | Turov | Compare Russian name Туров (Turov). Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Yaremichy[be][3] | יערעמיטש | Yeremitsh | 248 (in 1897) [3] | Town survived. |
Town | Yiddish Name[1][2] | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Alytus | אליטע | Alite | City survived. | |
Anykščiai | אניקשט | Aniksht | 2,754 (1900) | Town survived. |
Balbieriškis | באלבירישאָק | Balbirishok | Town survived. | |
Biržai | בירזש | Birzh | 2,400 (1941) | Town was razed and all Jews were exterminated. Later rebuilt. |
Butrimonys | בוטרימאַנץ | Butrimantz | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Dieveniškės | דיװענישאָק | Divenishok | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Eišiškės | אײשישאָק | Eyshishok | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Gargždai | גאָרזשד | Gorzhd | City survived. | |
Jonava | יאָנאװא | Yonava | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Joniškėlis | יאָנישקעל | Yonishkel | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Josvainiai | יאָסװען | Yosven | 534 (1897) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Jurbarkas | יורבורג | Yurburg | 1,887 (1931) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Kaišiadorys | קאָשעדאַר | Koshedar | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kalvarija | קאלװאריע | Kalvarye | City survived. | |
Kapčiamiestis | קאָפּטשעװע | Koptsheve | Town was largely destroyed and all Jews were exterminated. Later rebuilt. | |
Kėdainiai | קײדאן | Keydan | 3,000 (1941) | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Kelmė | קעלם | Kelm | 2,710 (1897) | City survived, but most Jews were exterminated. |
Klaipėda | מעמל | Meml | City survived, but was almost completely abandoned. | |
Krakės | קראָק | Krok | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Kražiai | קראָזש | Krozh | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kretinga | קרעטינגע | Kretinge | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kupiškis | קופישוק | Kupishuk | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kurkliai | קורקלע | Kurkle | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kvėdarna | כװידאן | Khvidan | Town survived,but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kybartai | קיבאַרט | Kibart | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Lazdijai | לאַזדײ | Ladzey | City survived. | |
Leipalingis | לײפּון | Leipun | Town survived. | |
Lygumai | ליגעם | Ligem | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Marijampolė | מאַריאַמפּאָל | Mariampol | City survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Mažeikiai | מאַזשײק | Mazheik | City survived. | |
Merkinė | מערעטש | Meretsh | Town survived. | |
Nemenčinė | נעמענטשין | Nementshin | City survived. | |
Obeliai | אָבעל | Obel | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Pakruojis | פּאָקראָי | Pokroy | City survived. | |
Pandėlys | פּאָנעדעל | Ponedel | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Panemunė | פּאַנעמון | Panemun | City survived. | |
Panevėžys | פאָנעװעזש | Ponevezh | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Pasvalys | פּאָסװאָל | Posvol | Town survived. | |
Pilviškiai | פילװשאָק | Pilvshok | Town survived. | |
Plungė | פלונגיאן | Plungyan | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Prienai | פּרען | Pren | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Rozalimas | ראָזאַליע | Rozalye | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Rudamina | רודאַמין | Rudamin | Town survived. | |
Rumšiškės | רומשישאָק | Rumshishok | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Salantai | סאַלאַנט | Salant | Town survived. | |
Seirijai | סערײ | Serey | Town survived. | |
Simnas | סימנע | Simne | City survived. | |
Skapiškis | סקאָפּישאָק | Skopishok | Town survived. | |
Skaudvilė | שקודװיל | Shkudvil | City survived. | |
Stakliškės | סטאָקלישאָק | Stoklishok | Town survived. | |
Šeduva | שאַדעװע | Shadeve | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Šiaulėnai | שאַװלאַן | Shavlan | Town survived. | |
Šiauliai | שאװל | Shavl | City survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Švenčionys | סװינציאן | Svintzyan | Town survived. | |
Taujėnai | טאַװיאַן | Tavian | Town survived. | |
Tauragė | טװריק | Tavrik | City was destroyed and most Jews were exterminated. Later rebuilt. | |
Tauragnai | טאָראָגין | Taragin | Town survived. | |
Telšiai | טעלז | Telz | 2,800 (1939) | City survived, but most Jews were exterminated. |
Troškūnai | טראַשקון | Trashkun | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Tryškiai | טרישיק | Trishik | Town survived. | |
Ukmergė | װילקאָמיר | Vilkomir | City survived, but many Jews were exterminated. | |
Utena | אוטיאן | Utyan | City survived. | |
Užpaliai | אװשפּאָל | Avshpol | 691 (1897) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Varėna | אָראן | Oran | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Varniai | װאָרנע | Vorne | City survived. | |
Vaškai | װאַשקי | Vashki | Town survived. | |
Veisiejai | װיסײ | Visey | Town survived. | |
Vilijampolė | סלאַבאָדקע | Slabodke | Town survived. | |
Virbalis | װירבאלן | Virbaln | Town survived. | |
Vištytis | װישינעץ | Vishtinetz | Town survived. | |
Žemaičių Naumiestis | נײשטאָט טאװריק | Neishtot Tavrik | Town survived. | |
Žagarė | זשאגאר | Zhagar | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Žasliai | זאָסלע | Zosle | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Žeimelis | זײמל | Zeiml | Town survived. | |
Želva | פּאָדזעלװע | Podzelve | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Židikai | זשידיק | Zhidik | Town survived. |
Town | Yiddish Name[1][2] | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Będzin | בענדין | Bendin | City survived. | |
Bełchatów | בעלכאַטאָװ | Belkhatov | Town survived. | |
Białobrzegi | בזשאַלעבזשעג | Bzhalebzheg | Town survived. | |
Bielsk Podlaski | בילסק | Bilsk | Town survived. | |
Bircza | בערטש | Bertsh | Town survived. | |
Błażowa | בלאזשאָװ | Blazhov | Town survived. | |
Brzeźnica | בזשעזשניצע* | Bzhezhnitze | Town survived. | |
Brzozów | ברעזשאָװ | Brezhov | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Bukowsko | בוקאָװסק | Bukovsk | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. The town was then destroyed during the post-war period and rebuilt years later. | |
Bytom | City survived. | |||
Chełm | כעלם | Khelm | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Chęciny | חענטשין | Chentshin | 2,825 (1921) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Chmielnik | כמעלניק | Khmelnik | 9,600+ (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Ciechanów | טשעכאַנאָװ | Tshekanov | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Czeladź | טשעלאַדזש | Tsheladzh | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Częstochowa | טשענסטאָכאָװ | Tshenstokhov | ~45,000 (1941) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Czyżew | טשיזשעװע | Tshizheve | Town survived. | |
Dąbrowa Górnicza | דאַמבראָװע גורניטשע | Dambrove Gurnitshe | City survived. | |
Dąbrowa Tarnowska | באָמבראָװ | Dombrov | Town survived. | |
Dębica | דעמביץ | Dembitz | Town survived. | |
Dukla | דיקלע | Dikle | Town survived, but many Jews were exterminated. | |
Dynów | דינאָװ | Dinov | ~1,274 (1921) | Town survived. |
Działoszyn | זאָלאָשין | Zoloshin | Town survived. | |
Frysztak | פֿריסטיק | Fristik | Town survived. | |
Gąbin | גאָמבין | Gombin | 2,564 (1921) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Głogów Małopolski | גלאָגעװ | Glogev | Town survived. | |
Głowaczów | גלאָגעװ | Glogev | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Głowno | גלאָװנע | Glovne | Town survived. | |
Gorlice | גאָרליצע | Gorlitze | 5,000 (1939) | City survived, but most Jews were exterminated. |
Gostynin | גאָסטינין | Gostinin | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Góra Kalwaria | גער | Ger | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Grębów | גרעמבאָװ* | Grembov | Town survived. | |
Grodzisk Mazowiecki | גראָדזשיסק | Grodzhisk | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Hrubieszów | הרוביעשאָװ | Hrubyeshov | 5,679 (1921) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Iłża | דרילטש* | Driltsh | Town survived, but nearly Jews were exterminated. | |
Inowłódz | Town survived. | |||
Iwaniska | ייִװאַנצק | Yivantzk | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Jadów | יאַדאָװ | Yadov | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. | |
Janów Podlaski | יאַנעװע | Yaneve | Town survived. | |
Jarosław | יארעסלאװ | Yareslav | Town survived. | |
Jasło | יאַסלע | Yasle | Town was razed and all Jews were exterminated. Rebuilt years later. | |
Jedwabne | יעדװאבנע | Yedvabne | 250 (1940) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. See Jedwabne pogrom. |
Kamieńsk | קאַמענסק | Kamensk | 1,163 (1917) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Kańczuga | קאַנטשיק | Kantshik | Town survived. | |
Kielce | קעלץ | Keltz | 25,400 (1940) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. See Kielce pogrom. |
Kiernozia | קערניזע | Kernize | Town survived. | |
Kleczew | קלעטשעװע | Kletsheve | Town survived. | |
Klimontów | קלעמענטאָװ | Klementov | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Knyszyn | קנישין | Knishin | City survived. | |
Kock | קאָצק | Kotzk | 2,200 (1939) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Kolbuszowa | קאלבושאב | Kolbushov | Town was destroyed and nearly all Jews were exterminated. Rebuilt years later. | |
Kolno | קאָלנע | Kolne | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Konin | קנין | Knin | 6,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Konstantynów Łódzki | קאָסניטין | Konsnitin | Town survived. | |
Korczyna | קארטשין | Kortshin | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kozienice | קאָזניץ | Kozhnitz | 5,000 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Krasnosielc | סילץ | Siltz | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Krosno | קראָסנע | Krosne | Town survived. | |
Lelów | לעלאָװ | Lelov | Town was razed, later rebuilt. | |
Leżajsk | ליזשענסק | Lizhensk | 4,500 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Lipsk nad Biebrza | ליפּסק | Lipsk | Town survived. | |
Lubaczów | ליבעטשוװ | Libetshuv | Town survived. | |
Łańcut | לאנצוט | Lantzut | 2,750 (1939) | Town survived. |
Łask | לאָסק | Losk | Town survived. | |
Łomża | לאָמזשע | Lomzhe | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Łosice | לאָשיץ | Loshitz | 6,800 (1942) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Majdan Królewski | מאַידאַן* | Maidan | Town survived. | |
Międzyrzec Podlaski | מעזריטש | Mezritsh | ~12,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Mielec | מעליץ | Melitz | 2,800 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Mińsk Mazowiecki | נאָװאָ־מינסק | Novo-Minsk | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Mława | מלאװע | Mlave | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Mstów | אָמסטאָװ | Omstov | Town survived. | |
Mszczonów | אמשינאָװ | Amshinov | Town survived. | |
Niebylec | נעבליץ* | Nebelitz | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki | נאָװידװאָר | Novidvor | 9,000+ (1939) | Town survived. |
Nowy Korczyn | נײַשטאָט | Nayshtot | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Nowy Sącz | צאנז | Tzanz | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Nowy Żmigród | זמיגראָד | Zhmigrod | 2,000 (1942) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Nur | נור* | Nur | Town survived. | |
Olkusz | עלקיש | Elkish | Town survived. | |
Opatów | אפטא | Apta | 5,000 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Opoczno | אפאטשנא | Opotshna | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Osjaków | שאקעװ | Shakev | Town survived. | |
Ostrołęka | אסטראלענקע | Ostrolenke | City survived. | |
Ostrów Mazowiecka | אָסטרעװע | Ostreve | 10,471 (1897) | Town survived. |
Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski | אסטראװצע | Ostrovtze | ~10,000 (1943) | Town survived, but most Jews were exterminated. |
Ożarów | אָזשאראָװ | Ozharov | Town survived. | |
Pabianice | פּאביאניץ | Pabyanitz | 9,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Pilica | פילץ | Piltz | 1,877 (1921) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Pilzno | פּילזנע | Pilzne | Town survived. | |
Piotrków Trybunalski | פעטריקעװ | Petrikev | 25,000 (1938) | City survived. |
Płock | פלוצק | Plutzk | City survived. | |
Połaniec | פּלאַנטש | Plantsh | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Przemyśl | פּשעמישל | Pshemishl | City survived. | |
Przeworsk | פּרשעװאָרסק | Prshevorsk | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Radom | ראָדעם | Rodem | 11,200 (1897) | City survived. |
Radomsko | ראַדאָמסק | Radomsk | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Radomyśl Wielki | גרױס־ראַדאָמישל | Groys-Radomishl | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. | |
Radziłów | (ע)ראַדזשילעװ | Radzhilev(e) | 500 (1940) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. See Radziłów pogrom. |
Radzyń Podlaski | ראדזין | Rodzin | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Raniżów | ראניזאװ | Ranizov | Town survived. | |
Ropczyce | ראָפשיץ | Ropshitz | 1,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Różan | ראָזשאַן* | Rozhan | 1,800 (1939) | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. |
Rozwadów | ראָזװעדאָװ | Rozvedov | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. | |
Rymanów | רימענעװ | Rimenev | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Rzeszów | רײשע | Reyshe | 14,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Sanniki | 300 (1939) | Town survived. | ||
Sandomierz | צױזמיר | Tzoyzmir | Town survived. | |
Sanok | סאָניק | Sonik | Town survived. | |
Sędziszów Małopolski | שענדישעװ | Shendishev | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Sejny | סײני | Seini | 399 (1921) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Sławków | סלאַװקעװ | Slavkev | Town survived. | |
Sochocin | סאָכעטשין* | Sochetshin | Town survived. | |
Sokołów Małopolski | סאקאלאװ* | Sokolov | 1,600 (1939) | Town survived. |
Sompolno | סאַמפּאָלנע | Sampolne | Town survived. | |
Sosnowiec | סאָסנאָװיץ | Sosnovitz | City survived. | |
Staszów | סטאַשעװ | Stashev | Town survived. | |
Strzyżów | סטריזשעװ | Strizhev | Town survived. | |
Supraśl | סופּראַסליע | Surpasliv | Town survived. | |
Suwałki | סװאלק | Svalk | 7,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Szczebrzeszyn | שעברעשין | Shebreshin | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Szczerców | שטערצעװ | Shtertzev | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. | |
Szczuczyn | שצוצין | Shtzutzin | ~2,522 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. See Szczuczyn pogrom. |
Tarnobrzeg | דזשיקאװ | Dzhikov | City survived. | |
Tarnogród | טאַרניגראָד | Tarnigrod | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Tarnów | טארנע | Tarne | 25,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Tyrawa Wołoska | טערעװע | Tereve | Town survived. | |
Tomaszów Mazowiecki | טאָמעשעװ | Tomeshev | Town survived. | |
Trzcianne | טרעסטיני | Trestini | 2,500 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Tyczyn | טיטשין | Titshin | 2,000 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Tykocin | טיקטין | Tiktin | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Ulanów | אילענעװ | Ilenev | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Warta | דװארט | Dvart | Town survived. | |
Wielkie Oczy | װילקאָטש | Vilkotsh | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Włoszczowa | װלאטשעװע* | Vlotsheve | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Wojsławice | װאיסלאװיץ | Voyslavits | Town survived. | |
Wysokie Mazowieckie | װיסאקע-מאזאװיעצק | Visoke-Mazovietzk | Town survived. | |
Wyszogród | װישאגראד | Vishogrod | Town survived. | |
Zabłudów | זאבלודאָװע | Zabludove | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Zaklików | זאקלקעװ | Zaklkev | Town survived. | |
Zakroczym | זאקראָטשין | Zakrotshin | Town survived. | |
Zambrów | זעמבראװע | Zembrove | Town survived. | |
Zduńska Wola | זדינסקע־װאָליע | Zdinske-Volye | Town survived. | |
Zelów | זלאװ* | Zlav | 2,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Zgierz | זגערזש | Zgerzh | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Żołynia | זשעלין | Zhelin | Town survived. | |
Żabno | זשאבנא | Zhabno | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Town | Yiddish Name[1][2] | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yiddish | Latin | |||
Ananiv | אנאניעװ | Ananyev | City survived. | |
Bibrka | בוברקא | Bubrka | 2,000 (1941) | City survived. |
Belz | בעלז | Belz | 3,600 (1914) | City survived. |
Berdychiv | בארדיטשעװ | Barditshev | 41,617 (1897) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Berehove | בערעגסאז | Beregsaz | City survived. | |
Berezdiv | בערעזדיװ | Berezdiv | Town survived. | |
Berezhany | ברעזשאן | Brezhan | ~8,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Bila Tserkva | שװאַרץ־טומאה | Shvartz-Tumah | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. See Bila Tserkva massacre. | |
Boiany | בױאן | Boyan | Town survived. | |
Bolekhiv | באָלעכאָװ | Bolekhov | ~3,000 (1940) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated.. |
Boryslav | באָריסלאװ | Borislav | City survived. | |
Borzna | באָרזנע | Borzne | Town survived. | |
Brody | בראָד | Brod | ~9,000 (1941) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Bratslav | בראָסלעװ | Broslev | Town survived. | |
Buchach | ביטשאָטש | Bitshotsh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Budaniv | בודזאנאװ | Budzanov | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Bukachivtsi | בוקיטשעװיץ | Bukitshevitz | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Burshtyn | בורשטין | Burshtin | 1,700 (1942) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Chernihiv | טשערניִעװ | Tsherniev | 11,000 (1897) | City survived. |
Chopovychi | טשאָפּאָװיטש* | Tshopovitsh | Town survived. | |
Chornobyl | טשערנאָבל | Tshernobl | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Chortkiv | טשאָרטקאָװ | Tshortkov | City survived. | |
Deliatyn | דעלאטין | Delatin | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Derazhnia | דעראזשניע* | Derazhnie | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Dolyna | דאָלינא | Dolina | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Drohobych | דראָהאָביטש | Drohobitsh | 15,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Dunaivtsi | דינעװיץ | Dinevitz | City survived. | |
Hornostaipil | הורנסטײפל | Hornsteypl | Town survived. | |
Horodenka | האָראָדענקע | Horodenke | City survived. | |
Horodok | גרײַדינג | Greiding | ~5,000 (1941) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Husiatyn | הוסיאטין | Husyatin | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Justingrad | יוסטינגראָד | Yustingrod | Town was destroyed and nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kalush | קאַלעש | Kalesh | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kalynivka | קאַלענעװקע | Kalenevke | Town survived. | |
Kamianets-Podilskyi | קאמענעץ־פאָדאָלסק | Kamenetz-Podolsk | City survived. See Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre. | |
Khorostkiv | כראָסקעװ | Khroskev | City (then-town) survived. | |
Khotyn | חוטין | Chutin | City survived. | |
Kolky | קאָלק | Kolk | City survived. | |
Kolomyia | קאָלאָמײ | Kolomey | 16,568 (1900) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Korolevo | קיראַלהאַז | Kiralhaz | City survived. | |
Kopychyntsi | קאָפיטשיניץ | Kopitshinitz | City survived. | |
Kosiv | קאָסאָװ | Kosov | 3,700 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Kovel | קאָװעל | Kovel | City survived. | |
Kremenets | קרעמעניץ | Kremenitz | 15,000+ (1941) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Krasnostav | Town destroyed. | |||
Kupil | קופּעל | Kupel | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Kuty | קיטעװ | Kitev | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Letychiv | לעטיטשעװ | Letitshev | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Lityn | ליטין | Litin | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Liubar | לובער | Luber | City survived. | |
Lozisht | לאָזשיסט | Lozhist | Town was destroyed and all Jews were exterminated. | |
Lutsk | לוצק | Lutzk | 17,500 (1939) | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Makariv | מעקאַרעװ | Mekarev | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Makhnivka | מאַכניװקאַ | Makhnivka | 843 (1939) | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Mariiampil | מאַריאַמפּאָל | Mariampol | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Medzhybizh | מעזשביזש | Mezhbizh | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Mlyniv | מלינוב | Mlinuv | About 2000 | City survived. |
Mukachevo | מונקאטש | Munkatsh | 15,000 (1944) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Nadvirna | נאדװאָרנא | Nadvorna | 2,042 (1921) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Nemyriv | נעמאַרעװ | Nemarev | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Nova Ushytsia | נײַ־אושיצע | Nay Ushitze | 1,547 (1939)[4] | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Nizhyn | ניעזשין | Niezhin | City survived. | |
Olesko | אָלעקס | Oleks | 738 (1935) | City survived. |
Olyka | אָליק | Olik | 2,086 (1921) | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Otyniia | אָטיניא | Otinya | City survived. | |
Pavoloch | פאװאָליטש | Pavolitsh | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. See Pavoloch massacre. | |
Pidhaitsi | פּידײַיִץ | Pidayitz | 2,827 (1931) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Pidkamin | פּאדקאמען* | Podkamen | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Plyskiv | פּליסקעװ | Pliskev | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Pohrebyshche | פּאָרעבישטש | Porebishtsh | City survived. | |
Polonne | פאָלאָנע | Polone | City survived. | |
Poninka | פּאנינקע* | Poninke | City survived. | |
Probizhna | פראָבוזנא | Probuzna | Town survived. | |
Pryluky | פּרילוק | Priluk | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Rava-Ruska | ראװע | Rave | City survived. | |
Rohatyn | רוהאטין | Ruhatin | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Rivne | ראװנע | Ravne | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Ruzhyn | ריזשן | Rizhn | 1,108 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Sadhora | סאדיגאָרא | Sadigora | 5,000 (1914) | Town survived. |
Sambir | סאמבאָר | Sambor | City survived. | |
Savran | סאװראן* | Savran | 3,198 (1900) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Seliatyn | Town survived. | |||
Sharhorod | שריגרוד | Shrigrud | City survived. | |
Shepetivka | שעפעטיוקע | Shepetivke | City survived. | |
Shpola | שפאָלע | Shpole | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Shpykiv | שפּיקעװ | Shpikev | City survived. | |
Skala-Podilska | סקאַלע | Skale | City survived. | |
Skalat | סקאלאט | Skalat | Town survived. | |
Slavuta | סלאװיטא | Slovita | City survived. | |
Sniatyn | שניאטין* | Shnyatin | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Sosnove | סלוטש-גדול | Slutsh-Gadol | City survived. | |
Stara Syniava | אַלט־סיניאָװע | Alt-Siniove | City survived. | |
Starokostiantyniv | אַלט־קאָסנטין | Alt-Kosntin | 6,743 (1939) | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Stepan | סטעפּיען | Stepyen | 1,854 (1900) | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Storozhynets | שטראזשניץ | Shtrozhnitz | 2,480 (1930) | City survived. |
Stryi | סטרי | Stri | 11,000 (1939) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Tarashcha | טאַראַשטשע | Tarashtshe | City survived. | |
Teofipol | טשאן | Tshan | City survived. | |
Terebovlia | טרעבעװלע | Trebevle | City survived. | |
Tetiiv | טיטיעװ | Tityev | City survived. | |
Tlumach | טאלמיטש | Tolmitsh | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Tovste | טױסט | Toyst | City survived. | |
Trochenbrod | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |||
Trostianets | טראָסטיניץ | Trostinitz | City survived. | |
Ulashkivtsi | לאַשקעװיץ | Lashkevitz | Town survived. | |
Uman | אומאן | Uman | City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. | |
Uzhhorod | אונגװיר | Ungvir | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Voinyliv | City survived. | |||
Volochysk | װאָלאָטשיסק | Volotshisk | City survived. | |
Vyshnivets | װישניפֿיץ | Vishnifitz | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Vyzhnytsia | װיזשניץ | Vizhnitz | Town survived. | |
Yampil | יאמפאלא | Yampol | 1,495 (1939)[5] | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Yavoriv | יאַװאָראָװ | Yavorov | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Yabluniv | יאַבלאָנעװ | Yablonev | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Yahilnytsia | ייִגאָלניצע | Yigolnitze | Town survived. | |
Yazlovets | יאַזלאָװיץ | Yazlovitz | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Zabolotiv | זאַבלאָטאָװ | Zablotov | City survived. | |
Zalishchyky | זאַלישטשיק | Zalishtshik | City survived. | |
Zbarazh | זבאראזש | Zbarazh | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Zhmerynka | זשמערינקע | Zhmerinke | City survived. | |
Zhovkva | זשאָלקװע | Zholkve | Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Zhydachiv | זשידעטשױװ | Zhidetshoiv | 950 (1929) | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. |
Zinkiv | זענקעװ | Zenkev | City survived. | |
Zlatopil | זלאַטאָפּאָליע | Zlatopolye | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Zolochiv | זלאָטשעװ | Zlotshev | City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. | |
Zolotyi Potik | פּאָטיק | Potik | 895 (1921) | Town survived, but all Jews were deported and/or exterminated. |
Current country | Town | Yiddish name[1][2] | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | ||||
Hungary | Sátoraljaújhely | איהעל | Ihel | 4,500 (1905)[6] | |
Latvia | Riebiņi[7] | ריבינישאָק | Ribinishok | 533 (1897) | |
Latvia | Višķi | װישקי | Vishki | ||
Moldova | Căușeni | קאַושאַן | Kaushan | 1,675 (1897) | |
Moldova | Zgurița | זגוריצה | Zguritza | 1,802 (1897) | |
Romania | Gura Humorului | גוראַ הומאָראַ | Gura Humora | ||
Romania | Rădăuți | ראַדעװיץ | Radevitz | ||
Russia | Khislavichi | חאסלאװיץ | Khoslovitz | 3,642 (1880) | |
Russia | Lyubavichi | ליובאַװיתש | Lyubavitsh | 967 (1926) | Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. |
Slovakia | Bardejov | באַרדיאָב | Bardyov |
Current country | City | Yiddish name[1][2] | Pre–Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | ||||
Austria | Vienna[8] | װין | Vin | 166,000[9] | Compare German endonym 'Wien' |
Belarus | Bobruisk[10] | באַברױסק | Babruisk | 21,558[11] | |
Belarus | Brest[12] | בריסק | Brisk | 30,000[13] | |
Belarus | Minsk[14] | מינסק | Minsk | 90,000[15] | |
Belarus | Pinsk[16] | פינסק | Pinsk | 20,200[17] | |
Belarus | Vitebsk[18] | װיטעבסק | Vitebsk | 34,400[19] | |
Czechia | Prague[20] | פּראָג | Prog | 56,000[21] | |
Germany | Frankfurt[22] | פֿראַנקפורט | Frankfurt | 26,158[23] | |
Hungary | Budapest[24] | בודאַפעשט | Budapesht | 184,000[25] | |
Latvia | Daugavpils[26] | דװינסק | Dvinsk | 11,106[27] | Named Dvinsk from 1893-1920 |
Latvia | Riga[28] | ריגע | Rige | 43,672[29] | |
Lithuania | Kaunas[30] | קאָװנע | Kovne | 38,000[31] | Compare Polish name Kowno |
Lithuania | Vilnius[32] | װילנע | Vilne | 55,000[33] | |
Moldova | Bălți | בלץ | Beltz | 14,229[34] | |
Moldova | Chişinău[35] | קישינעװ | Kishinev | 70,000[36] | Compare Russian name Kishinov |
Poland | Białystok[37] | ביאַליסטאָק | Byalistok | 40,000[38] | |
Poland | Gdańsk[39] | דאַנציג | Dantzig | Compare German name Danzig | |
Poland | Kraków[40] | קראָקע | Kroke | 60,000[41] | |
Poland | Łódź[42] | לאָדזש | Lodzh | 223,000[43] | |
Poland | Lublin[44] | לובלין | Lublin | 40,000[45] | |
Poland | Poznań[46] | פּױזן | Poyzn | Compare German name Posen | |
Poland | Warsaw[47] | װאַרשע | Varshe | 400,000[48] | |
Poland | Wrocław[49] | ברעסלױ | Bresloy | 10,309[50] | Compare German name Breslau |
Romania | Bucharest[51] | בוקאַרעשט | Bukaresht | 100,000[52] | |
Romania | Cluj-Napoca[53] | קלױזענבורג | Kloyzenburg | 16,763[54] | Compare German name Klausenburg |
Romania | Iaşi[55] | יאַס | Yas | 51,000[56] | |
Russia | Kaliningrad | קעניגסבערג | Kenigsberg | 5,500[3] | Compare former German name Königsberg |
Russia | Moscow | מאָסקװע | Moskve | 250,000[57] | |
Russia | Saint Petersburg | פעטערבורג/לענינגראַד | Peterburg/Leningrad | 200,000[58] | Named Leningrad in 1924-1991 |
Russia | Smolensk | סמאָלענסק | Smolensk | 3,000[3] | |
Slovakia | Bratislava[59] | פרעסבורג | Presburg | 14,882[60] | Compare German name Preßburg |
Ukraine | Chernivtsi[61] | טשערנאָװיץ | Tshernovitz | 50,000[62] | |
Ukraine | Dnipropetrovsk | קאַטערינעסלאַװ | Katerineslav | 100,000[63] | Named Катериносла́в (Katerynosláv) until 1929 |
Ukraine | Ivano-Frankivsk | סטאַניסלאװ | Stanislav | 30,000[64] | Named Stanisławów until 1962 |
Ukraine | Kyiv[65] | קיִעװ | Kiev | 175,000[66] | |
Ukraine | Kharkiv | כֿאַרקעװ | Kharkev | 130,200[67] | |
Ukraine | Khmelnytskyi[68] | פּראָסקערעװ | Proskerev | 13,500[69] | Named Проску́рів (Proskúriv) until 1954 |
Ukraine | Lviv[70] | לעמבערג | Lemberg | 150,000[71] | Compare German name Lemberg |
Ukraine | Odessa[72] | אַדעס | Ades | 180,000[73] | |
Ukraine | Ternopil[74] | טאַרנעפּאָל | Tarnepol | 18,000[75] | |
Ukraine | Vinnitsa[76] | װיניצע | Vinitze | 21,812[77] | |
Ukraine | Zhytomyr[78] | זשיטאָמיר | Zhitomir | 30,000[79] |
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