List of plants endemic to the Appalachian Mountains
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of plants that are endemic to the Appalachian Mountains of North America.
Significance
The Appalachian Mountains of Eastern North America are a biodiversity hotspot.[1][2] Like other mountains, the Appalachians have high rates of endemism because they create isolated "islands" of unique habitat conditions distant from other, similar habitats. The high elevations of the Appalachians functioned as refugia at the end of the last ice age, and house many relict taxa that were more widespread in Southeastern North America when the climate was cooler.[3][4] Together with the rugged, heterogenous topography and mild, wet climate, these factors make the Appalachians one of the most biodiverse temperate regions in the world.[5]
List
- Abies fraseri - Fraser fir.Endemic to high elevations of the Appalachian mountains.[6][7]
- Actaea podocarpa - mountain bugbane.[10][11]
- Ageratina luciae-brauniae - endemic to sandstone rockhouses in Tennessee and Kentucky.[12][13]
- Ageratina roanensis[12]
- Ambrosia porcheri- exists only in Pickens County and Greenville County of South Carolina.[17] [18]
- Amorpha glabra - Appalachian indigo-bush. It grows in the mountains of western North Carolina.[19][20]
- Anemone minima - tiny anemone.[21]
- Astilbe crenatiloba[23]
- Blephilia subnuda[24]
- Borodinia serotina- shale-barrens rockcress. It is found only in Virginia and West Virginia.[25][26]
- Bryodesma tortipilum - twisted-hair spikemoss, found only in a narrow range from western North Carolina to north Georgia.[28][29]
- Buckleya distichophylla- piratebush. It is a hemiparasitic shrub that is only found in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee.[30][31]
- Calamagrostis cainii[32]
- Campanula divaricata- small bonny bellflower.[33][34]
- Cardamine clematitis[35]
- Cardamine micranthera- small-anther bittercress, found only in Virginia and North Carolina.[37][38]
- Carex austrolucorum[40]
- Carex manhartii[43]
- Carex radfordi[45]
- Clematis addisoni[47]
- Clematis albicoma[47]
- Clematis terminalis[49]
- Clematis vinacea[50]
- Clematis viticaulis - Millboro leather flower. It is found only in Bath, Augusta, and Rockbridge counties of the U.S. state of Virginia.[50][51]
- Clethra acuminata- mountain pepperbush.[52][53]
- Clintonia umbellulata- white clintonia. It is found in the Appalachian mountains, from as far south as Georgia to as far north as New York.[55][56]
- Convallaria pseudomajalis - American lily-of-the-valley. It is found in the Southern Appalachians, in mountain forests at elevations between 700 and 1,500 feet.[58][59]
- Convolvulus sericatus[60]
- Corallorhiza bentleyi -Bentley's coralroot. It is found only in the mountains of West Virginia and Virginia.[61][62]
- Crataegus pallens[65]
- Cuscuta rostrata[66]
- Dichanthelium appalachiense[68]
- Draba ramosissima- branched draba or rocktwist. It is found in the central area of the southern Appalachian mountains, mainly on rocky outcrops of limestone or mafic rocks.[71][72]
- Eriogonum alleni [73]
- Eubotrys recurva- mountain fetterbush. It is common at higher elevations of the southern Appalachian mountains.[74][75]
- Eutrochium steelei - Appalachian Joe Pye weed.[76][77]
- Eurybia chlorolepis - Mountain wood aster. It is found in the red spruce-Fraser fir forests of the high elevation Appalachian mountains.[78][79]
- Eurybia saxicastelli- Rockcastle aster. It is found only in Tennessee and Kentucky.[80][81]
- Gentiana austromontana- Appalachian gentian. It is found only in mountainous areas of West Virginia, Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina, with populations in Roan Mountain State Park and Cherokee National Forest.[85][86]
- Gentiana latidens[87]
- Geocarpon cumberlandensis[88]
- Glyceria nubigena[90]
- Heuchera aceroides[94]
- Heuchera alba[94]
- Hexastylis chueyi[96]
- Hexastylis heterophylla[97]
- Hexastylis ruthii[97]
- Houstonia montana[98]
- Hydrophyllum atranthum[102]
- Hymenophyllum tayloriae[103]
- Hypericum graveolens[105]
- Hypericum mitchelianum[106]
- Ilex collina- Hill Holly or longstalk holly. It is found at high elevations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee, and Georgia.[107][108]
- Isoetes tennesseensis[111]
- Leptogramma burksiorum[114]
- Liatris helleri- Heller's blazing star. It grows only on high rocky cliffs and grassy balls of the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina.[116][117]
- Lilium grayi- Gray's lily.[118][119]
- Marshallia grandiflora (Presumed extinct)[121]
- Marshallia pulchra[121]
- Melanthium parviflorum[123]
- Micranthes careyana[124]
- Micranthes caroliniana[124]
- Monarda austroappalachiana[125]
- Monarda brevis[125]
- Nabalus cylindricus[126]
- Nabalus roanensis[126]
- Narthecium montanum (believed extinct)[127]
- Neottia smalli[128]
- Oenothera argillicola[129]
- Orbexilum macrophyllum (possibly extinct)[132]
- Packera antennarifolia[133]
- Packera millefolium[134]
- Penstemon kralii[138]
- Phacelia fimbriata - fringed phacelia. It is found only in the southern Appalachian mountains, at elevations above 3,500 feet.[140][141]
- Pycnanthemum beadlei - Beadle's mountainmint, found only in the Southern Appalachian mountains.[149][150]
- Pycnanthemum montanum[151]
- Rhododendron smokianum[155]
- Rudbeckia truncata[157]
- Shortia brevistyla[165]
- Spiraea corymbosa[168]
- Solidago curtissii[173]
- Stachys appalachiana[178]
- Stachys eplingii[179]
- Stachys glandulosissima[179]
- Stachys latidens[180]
- Stachys nelsonii [180]
- Steironema gramineum[182]
- Stenanthium diffusum[183]
- Symphyotrichum schistosum[185]
- Taenidia montana - mountain parsley. It is found only in the mountains of Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland.[186][187]
- Thalictrum coriaceum[188]
- Thalictrum hepaticum[188]
- Thermopsis fraxinifolia[189]
- Trautvetteria fonticalcarea[191]
- Vaccinium altomontanum- Blue Ridge blueberry. It is found strictly in the high elevations of the Appalachian mountains in a narrow range.[195][196]
- Vaccinium simulatum[198]
- Viburnum alabamense[199]
- Viola appalachiensis - Appalachian violet.[200][201]
- Viola monacanora[202]
- Viola tenuisecta[203]
- Xyris spathifolia[205]
Notes
References
Wikiwand - on
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.