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This is a list of offshore wind farms within the national maritime boundaries of the United Kingdom.
In October 2023 the nameplate capacity of offshore wind farms in operation was approximately 14 GW, with a further 5 GW under construction. Contracts for difference for a further 12 GW have been awarded by the UK Government.
If all the proposed wind farms are developed, then in the 2030s the United Kingdom would have a nameplate capacity of 77GW.
In October 2023, there were offshore wind farms consisting of 2,695 turbines with a combined capacity of 14,703 megawatts. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Capacity (MW) | No. | Turbine Manufacturer(s) | Turbine Model(s) | Project Commissioning Year |
Strike Price | Build Cost |
Capacity Factor |
Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barrow | England | 53°59′00″N 3°17′00″W | 90 | 30 | Vestas | V90-3.0MW | July 2006 | £123m | 35.9%[1] | 15–20 | 7 | Ørsted | [w 1][2] | |
Beatrice | Scotland | 58°06′20″N 03°05′35″W | 10 | 2 | REpower | 5M | July 2007 | £35m | 20% | 45 | 23 | SSE, Talisman Energy | [w 2][3] | |
Beatrice extension | Scotland | 58°06′20″N 03°05′35″W | 588 | 84 | Siemens Gamesa | SWT-7.0-154 | July 2019 | 140 | £2,600m | 45 | 23 | SSE Talisman Energy | [4][5][6] | |
Blyth Offshore Demonstrator | England | 41.5 | 5 | Vestas | V164-8MW | 2017 | 50-60 | 6.5 | EDF Renewables | [7][8] | ||||
Burbo Bank | England | 53°29′00″N 3°11′00″W | 90 | 25 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | September 2007 | £90m | 32–35% | 0–6 | 7 | Ørsted | [w 3][9] | |
Burbo Bank Extension | England | 53°29′00″N 3°11′00″W | 258 | 32 | Vestas | V164 8.0 MW | April 2017 | 6–13 | Ørsted | |||||
Dudgeon | England | 53°15′00″N 1°23′00″E | 402 | 67 | Siemens | SWT-6.0–154 | October 2017 | £1,500m | 48% | Equinor, Statkraft | [10][11] | |||
East Anglia One | England | 52°14′04″N 02°29′18″E | 714 | 102 | Siemens | SWT-7.0-154 | 2020 | 119.89 | 43 | [12][13] | ||||
European Offshore Wind Deployment Centre | Scotland | 57°13′0″N 1°59′0″W | 93 | 11 | Vestas | Vestas V164 8MW | September 2018 | 32 | 3 | European Offshore Wind Deployment Centre | [w 4][14] | |||
Galloper | England | 353 | 56 | Siemens | SWT-6.0-154 | March 2018 | 27-36 | 27 | RWE | [15] | ||||
Greater Gabbard | England | 51°56′0″N 1°53′0″E | 504 | 140 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | September 2012 | £1,500m | 42.2%[1] | 20–32 | 23 | SSE Renewables | [w 5] | |
Gunfleet Sands 1 & 2 | England | 51°43′0″N 01°12′50″E | 172 | 48 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | April 2010 | £300m | 36.6% | 2–15 | 7 | Ørsted | [w 6][16] | |
Gunfleet Sands 3 – Demonstration Project | England | 51°43′0″N 01°12′50″E | 12 | 2 | Siemens | SWT-6.0-120 | April 2013 | £51m | 31.1% | 5–12 | 8 | Ørsted | [w 7] | |
Gwynt y Môr | Wales | 53°27′00″N 03°35′00″W | 576 | 160 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | June 2015 | >£2,000m | 31.7% | 20 | 17 | RWE Npower, Stadtwerke München, GIB, Siemens | [w 8] | |
Hornsea One | England | 53°53′06″N 01°47′28″E | 1218 | 174 | Siemens | SWT-7.0-154 | 2020 | 140 | Ørsted, Global Infrastructurel Partners | [17][18] | ||||
Hornsea Two | England | 53°53′06″N 01°47′28″E | 1386 | 165 | Siemens | SG 8.0-167 DD | August 2022 [19] | 57.50 | 25-30 | 120 | Ørsted, Global Infrastructure Partners | [20][21][22] | ||
Humber Gateway | England | 53°38′38″N 0°17′35″E | 219 | 73 | Vestas | V112 3.0MW | June 2015 | £736m | 41.1% | 15 | 10 | E.ON | [w 9] | |
Hywind Scotland | Scotland | 57°29′0″N 1°21′0″W | 30 | 5 | Siemens | SWT-6.0-154 | October 2017 | NOK2 billion (£152m) |
54% | 95–120 | 25 | Equinor, Masdar | ||
Kentish Flats | England | 51°27′36″N 01°05′24″E | 140 | 30 | Vestas | V90-3.0MW and V112-3.3MW |
October 2005 | £121.5m | 31.3%, 42.9%[1] |
3–5 | 10 | Vattenfall | [w 10][23] | |
Lincs | England | 53°11′0″N 0°29′0″E | 270 | 75 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-120 | September 2013 | £1,000m | 42% | 10–15 | 8 | Centrica, Siemens, Ørsted | [w 11][24] | |
London Array | England | 51°38′38″N 1°33′13″E | 630 | 175 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | April 2013 | £1,800m | 41.1%[1] | 0–25 | 20 | Ørsted, E.ON UK Renewables, Masdar | [w 12] | |
Lynn and Inner Dowsing | England | 53°07′39″N 0°26′10″E | 194 | 54 | Siemens | SWP-3.6-107 | March 2009 | £300m | 34.9% | 6–11 | 5 | Centrica 50% TCW 50% |
[w 13][25] | |
Methil | Scotland | 56°09′46″N 03°00′32″W | 7 | 1 | Samsung | 7 MW | October 2013 | 5 | 0.05 | Samsung, 2-B Energy | [w 14] | |||
Moray East | Scotland | 58.1°N 2.8°W | 950 | 100 | Vestas | V164-9.5 MW | April 2022 [26] | 57.50 | 25-30 | 120 | Ocean Winds | [12][27][28][22] | ||
North Hoyle | Wales | 53°26′00″N 3°24′00″W | 60 | 30 | Vestas | V80-2MW | December 2003 | £80m | 31.5% | 5–12 | 7 | Greencoat UKW | [w 15][29] | |
Ormonde | England | 54°06′00″N 3°24′00″W | 150 | 30 | REpower | 5MW | August 2012 | £552m | 39.5%[1] | 17–22 | 9.5 | Vattenfall | [w 16][30] | |
Race Bank | England | 53°16′30″N 0°50′30″E | 580 | 91 | Siemens | SWT-6.0-154 | February 2018 | Ørsted | [31] | |||||
Rampion | England | 50°40′00″N 0°16′00″W | 400 | 116 | Vestas | V112-3.45MW | April 2018 | £1,300m | 13 | E.ON | [32][33] | |||
Rhyl Flats | Wales | 53°22′00″N 3°39′00″W | 90 | 25 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | December 2009 | £198m | 32.9%[1] | 4–15 | 8 | Npower (UK) (RWE) | [w 17][34] | |
Robin Rigg | Scotland | 54°45′00″N 3°43′00″W | 180 | 60 | Vestas | V90-3.0MW | April 2010 | £396m | 35.1%[1] | 0–12 | 11 | E.ON | [w 18][35] | |
Scroby Sands | England | 52°38′0″N 1°47′0″E | 60 | 30 | Vestas | V80-2MW | March 2004 | £75.5m | 30.7%[1] | 0–8 | 2.5 | E.ON | [w 19][36] | |
Seagreen Phase 1 | Scotland | 56°35.094′N 01°45.537′W | 1400 | 114 | Vestas | V164-10.0 MW | October 2023 | 41.61 | £3,000m | Up to 59 | SSE Renewables, TotalEnergies | [37][38][39][40][41] | ||
Sheringham Shoal | England | 53°07′0″N 1°08′0″E | 317 | 88 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | September 2012 | £1,100m | 40.7%[1] | 12–24 | 17 | Equinor 50% Statkraft 50% |
[w 20] | |
Teesside | England | 54°38′50″N 1°05′40″W | 62 | 27 | Siemens | SWT-2.3-93 | August 2013 | £200m | 34.8% | 7–15 | 1.5 | EDF-EN | [42] | |
Thanet | England | 51°26′0″N 1°38′0″E | 300 | 100 | Vestas | V90-3.0MW | September 2010 | £900m | 32.8% | 20–25 | 11 | Vattenfall | [w 21][43] | |
Triton Knoll | England | 53°30′00″N 0°48′0″E | 857 | 90 | Vestas | v164-9.5 MW | March 2022[44] | 74.75 | 33 | RWE | [12][45][22] | |||
Walney | England | 54°03′00″N 3°31′00″W | 367 | 102 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-107 | February 2010 | £630m | 40.5%, 43.8%[1] |
19–30 | 14 | Ørsted, SSE, OPW | [w 22][46] | |
Walney Extension | England | 54°5′17″N 3°44′17″W | 659 | 87 | Siemens | SWT-7.0-154
MHI V164-8.25 |
September 2018 | 150.00 | Ørsted | [47][48][49] | ||||
Westermost Rough | England | 53°48′18″N 0°8′56″E | 210 | 35 | Siemens | SWT-6.0-154 | May 2015 | £370m | 42.9%[1] | 15 | 10 | Ørsted, Marubeni, GIB | [w 23][50] | |
West of Duddon Sands | England | 53°59′00″N 3°28′00″W | 389 | 108 | Siemens | SWT-3.6-120 | October 2014 | £1,600m | 44.2%[1] | 17–24 | 15 | Ørsted, Scottish Power | [w 24][51] | |
|
Offshore wind farms currently under construction (offshore), with a combined capacity in October 2023 of 6,420 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike Price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neart Na Gaoithe | Scotland | 56°16′4″N 2°19′15″W | 450 | 54 | Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 DD | 2024 | 114.39 | 20 | EDF R / ESB | [52][13] | |
Sofia Offshore Wind Farm | England | 55.0°N 1.93°E | 1400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-222 DD | 2026 | 39.65 | 195 | RWE | [53][54][55][56][57] | |
Dogger Bank A | England | 54.77°N 1.917°E | 1235 | 95 | GE-Haliade X 13MW | 2025 | 39.65 | 131 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [53][58][59][60][61][62] | |
Dogger Bank B | England | 1235 | 95 | GE-Haliade X 13MW | 2025 | 41.61 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [53][59][60][61] | |||
Dogger Bank C | England | 1218 | GE-Haliade X 14MW | 2025 | 41.61 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [53][63][60][61] | ||||
Moray West | Scotland | 58.1°N 3.1°W | 882 | 60 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-222 DD | 2025 | 37.35 (294MW for AR4 and 74MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | Ocean Wind | [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] |
Wind farms that have started onshore construction and have been awarded contracts under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019)/Round 4 (2022). Total capacity of 5,304 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model | Project commissioning |
Strike price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Anglia Three | England | TM097462 | 1372 | 95 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2026 | 37.35 (159MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | Iberdrola | [74][75][76][77][73] | ||
Hornsea Three | England | TG210034 | 2852 | 231 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2027 | 37.35 (1080MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | 160 | Ørsted | [78][79][80][81][73] | |
Inch Cape | Scotland | NT394753 | 1080 | Vestas V236-15 | 37.35 (251MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | Inch Cape Offshore | [82][73] |
This wind farm was proposed under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019),[53] with a capacity of 12 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Wind farms proposed under the Round 4 (2022) CFD auction,[83] with a combined capacity of 1,428 MW . Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model | Project commissioning |
Strike price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TwinHub Floating Offshore Wind Project | England | 32 | 87.30 | Wave Hub Limited | ||||||||
Norfolk Boreas, Phase 1 | England | 53°00′00″N 2°56′00″E | 1380 | Vestas | 2027 | 37.35 | 72 | RWE | Ownership changed Dec 2023 | [84][85][86][87][88] |
Wind farms proposed under the Round 6 (2024) CFD auction,[83] with a combined capacity of 3,763 MW . Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Note: this table does not include OWFs that were awarded contracts in AR4, and have now received a new contract as a result of permitted reduction in AR6.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model | Project commissioning |
Strike price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hornsea Four | England | TA042348 | 2400 | 2029 | 58.87 | Ørsted | [73] | |||||
East Anglia Two | England | TM415611 | 963 | 2029 | 58.87 | Iberdrola | [73] | |||||
Green Volt OWF | Scotland | NJ830445 | 400 | 2029 | 139.93 | Green Volt | [73] |
Wind farms that are in an exploratory phase and have not yet secured a Contract for Difference at auction.
Total capacities: England: 18,423 MW - Wales: 700 MW - Scotland: 30,326 MW
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model/
capacity |
Technology | Project commissioning |
Option Price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Anglia One North | England | 800 | Fixed | 2026 | 69 | Iberdrola | [74] | ||||||
Rampion 2 Extension | England | 50°40′00″N 0°16′00″W | 1200 | 90 | Fixed | 2030 | E.ON | Pre-examination stage with planning inspectorate - Oct 2023[89] | [90] | ||||
Norfolk Vanguard East | England | 1380 | Vestas | Fixed | Before 2030 | RWE | Construction of HVDC platforms started - 04/24 | [91][87][88][92] | |||||
Norfolk Vanguard West | England | 1380 | 92 | Vestas V236-15 | Fixed | Before 2030 | RWE | Construction of HVDC platforms started - 04/24 | [87][88][92] | ||||
Dogger Bank South | England | 3000 | Fixed | £248m | RWE | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [93][94][95] | ||||||
Awel y Môr | Wales | Adjacent to Gwynt y Môr wind farm | estimated 500 | up to 50 | Fixed | RWE | [96] | ||||||
Five Estuaries | England | Adjacent to Galloper Wind Farm | 353 | TBD | Fixed | RWE | [97] | ||||||
North Falls | England | Adjacent to Greater Gabbard wind farm | 504 | up to 72 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, RWE | [98] | ||||||
Dogger Bank D | England | 1320 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, Equinor | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [99][94] | |||||||
Berwick Bank | Scotland | Outer Firth of Forth | 4100 | Fixed | 2030 | SSE Renewables | [100] | ||||||
Seagreen Phase 1A | England | 500 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, TotalEnergies | [101] | ||||||||
Outer Dowsing | England | Off the Lincolnshire Coast, East of the Humber Estuary | 1500 | Fixed | 2030 | £125m | 54 | Corio Generation, TotalEnergies | Aug 2022 - scoping report sent to the Planning Inspectorate.
Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 |
[102][103][104][94][95] | |||
Morecambe | England | Off the Lancashire Coast, West of Blackpool and South West of Morecambe Bay | 480 | 20 - 40 | Fixed | 2028 | £45m | 30 | Offshore Wind Limited | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [102][105][106][94][95] | ||
Mona | England | Off the Northern Welsh Coast, North East of Anglesey | 1500 | Fixed | £231m | 35 | 30 | EnBW, BP | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [102][107][94][95] | |||
Morgan | England | Off the coast of Barrow-In-Furness, West of Morecambe Bay | 1500 | Fixed | £231m | 35 | 30 | EnBW, BP | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [102][107][94][95] | |||
Morven | Scotland | "Map Reference 1" | 2907 | Fixed | £85.9m | 65-75 | 60 | BP Alternative Energy Investments | Nov 2022 - two floating LiDARs to be deployed | [108][107][109] | |||
Ossian | Scotland | "Map Reference 2" | 2610 | Up to 270 | Floating | £85.9m | SSE Renewables | Potential to grow to 3.6GW. Nov 2022 - completed a geophysical and benthic survey | [108][110][111] | ||||
Bellrock | Scotland | "Map Reference 3" | 1200 | Floating | £28m | Falck Renewables | Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. | [108][112][113] | |||||
CampionWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 4" Off the East coast of Scotland | 2000 | Floating | £86m | Averaging 77 | 100 | ScottishPower, Shell | [108][114] | ||||
Muir Mhòr | Scotland | "Map Reference 5" | 798 | Floating | £20m | 67 | Vattenfall | Jun '23 Geophysical and environmental surveys started | [108][115][116] | ||||
Bowdun | Scotland | "Map Reference 6" - E3 leasing zone off Bowdun Head | 1008 | 50 to 60 | 18-25MW each | Fixed | Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 | £18.7m | 44 | Thistle Wind Partners | Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Deas Ear | [108][117][118] | |
Ayre | Scotland | "Map Reference 7" NE2 leasing zone, off East Mainland of Orkney | 1008 | Floating | Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 | £20m | 33 | Thistle Wind Partners | Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Ear-Thuath | [108][109][118] | |||
Broadshore | Scotland | "Map Reference 8" | 900 | Floating | £25.6m | Falck Renewables | Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. | [108][119][113] | |||||
Caledonia | Scotland | "Map Reference 9" - adjacent to Moray East and Moray West OWFs. | 2000 | Fixed | 2030 | £42.9m | Ocean Winds (joint venture between ENGIE & EDP Renewables) | May 2023 - LiDAR devices to be deployed. Geophysical surveys partially complete. | [108][120] | ||||
Stromar | Scotland | "Map Reference 10" | 1000 | Floating | £13.4m | Falck Renewables | [108][121] | ||||||
MarramWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 11" - North East coast of Scotland | 3000 | Floating | £68.4m | Averaging 100 | 75 | ScottishPower, Shell | [108][122] | ||||
Buchan | Scotland | "Map Reference 12" | 960 | Floating | £33m | BayWa | A floating LiDAR Buoy has been deployed - Nov 2022 | [108][123][124][125] | |||||
West of Orkney | Scotland | "Map Reference 13" | 2000 | Fixed | £65.7m | Offshore Wind Power | Oct 2022 - completed offshore and nearshore surveys | [108][126] | |||||
Havbredey | Scotland | Northwest of Lewis | 1500 | Floating | 2036 | £3.9m | 35 | Northland Power | [108][127][128] | ||||
"N3 Project" | Scotland | "Map Reference 15" | 495 | 15 | Mixed | 2030 | £10.3m | 106-125 | Magnora | [108][129] | |||
Spiorad na Mara | Scotland | "Map Reference 16" - West coast of Lewis | 840 | Fixed | 2031 | £16.1m | 5 | Northland Power | This project will be prioritized over the Havbredey project. | [108][127][128] | |||
MachairWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 17" | 2000 | Fixed | £75.4m | Scottish Power | [108][130] | ||||||
Sheringham Shoal and Dudgeon Extensions | England | Adjacent to existing Sheringham, Shoal and Dudgeon Wind Farms | 719 | up to 56 | Fixed | Equinor | April 2024 - Project has Secured Development Consent | [131][132] | |||||
Pentland | Scotland | Off the coast of Dounreay, Caithness | 7 | Floating | 2026 | Highland Wind Limited | Offshore consent approved by Highland Council - Oct 2022 | [133][134][135] | |||||
Llŷr 1 | Wales | Off the coast of Pembrokeshire | 100 | Floating | 2027 | 60-70 | 40 | Floventis Energy | Benthic and geophysical surveys completed | [136] | |||
Llŷr 2 | Wales | Off the coast of Pembrokeshire | 100 | Floating | 2027 | 60-70 | 40 | Floventis Energy | Benthic and geophysical surveys completed | [136] | |||
Whitecross | England | Off the Devon/Cornwall coast | 100 | up to 8 | Floating | 2027 | 50 | Offshore Wind Ltd | [137][138] |
In October 2022, there was one offshore wind farm that had been decommissioned, consisting of 2 turbines with a combined capacity of 4MW.
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