List of gomphothere fossils in South America

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This is a list of gomphothere fossils found in South America. Gomphotheres were elephant-like mammals that lived from the Middle Miocene (approximately 12 million years ago) to the Holocene (6000 years BP).

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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in South America, modern classification by Mothé et al[1]
Amahuacatherium peruvium
Cuvieronius hyodon
Notiomastodon platensis
Gomphotheriidae indet.

The following species have been described in twentieth and twenty-first century paleontological literature about South America.[2] An alternative proposal is considered within the scientific community,[3][4][5][6] listed below.

Modern classification

Former classification

Summarize
Perspective

Original classification

  • Gomphotheriidae
    • Cuvieroniinae
      • Cuvieronius (Osborn 1923)
        • C. arellanoi (Ochoterena & Silva 1970)
        • C. hyodon (=C. humboldti) (Fischer 1814) (type)
        • C. priestleyi (Hay & Cook 1930)
        • C. tarijensis (Cabrera 1929)
        • C. tropicus (Cope 1884) (=C. oligobunis (Cope 1893))
      • Haplomastodon (Hoffstetter 1950)
        • H. chimborazi (Proaño 1922)
        • H. guayasensis (Hoffstetter 1952)
        • H. waringi (Holland 1920) (type)
      • Notiomastodon (Cabrera 1929)
        • N. ornatus (=S. platensis)
        • N. platensis (Mothé et al. 2012) (type)
        • N. vidali (Castellanos 1948)
      • Stegomastodon (Pohlig 1912)
        • S. mirificus (Leidy 1858) (= "S. successor, S. arizonae, S. texanus") (type)
        • S. platensis (Ameghino 1888)
        • S. primitivus (Osborn 1936) (=S. rexroadensis)
        • S. superbus (Casamiguela et al. 1996)
        • S. waringi (Hoffstetter 1950)

Gomphothere fossil finds

Summarize
Perspective

Formations are ordered according to their youngest age

Argentina

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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Argentina
Notiomastodon (cf) platensis
Stegomastodon sp.
  S. platensis (TL)
  S. superbus
  S. waringi
Gomphotheriidae indet.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Late PleistoceneUrundel Fm.Quebrada del Aguay, Salta596 m (1,955 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Río Dulce, Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero194 m (636 ft)Stegomastodon platensis
Santa Clara Fm.Santa Clara del Mar, Mar Chiquita Partido, Buenos Aires1 m (3.3 ft)Stegomastodon platensis
San Nicolás de los Arroyos, Buenos Aires10 m (33 ft)Stegomastodon platensis (TL 1)
Mid to Late PleistoceneYupoi Fm.Arroyo Toropí-Level 3, Bellavista, Corrientes61 m (200 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Luján Fm.Luján, Buenos Aires21 m (69 ft)Stegomastodon superbus
Playa del Barco, Monte Hermoso, El Conglomerado, Cascada Paleolama, Pehuen Có, Buenos Aires1 m (3.3 ft)Stegomastodon platensis (TL 2)
Aviá Terai, Chaco102 m (335 ft)Stegomastodon platensis
Barranqueras, Chaco49 m (161 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Charata, Chaco100 m (330 ft)Stegomastodon sp., Stegomastodon cf. platensis
Castelli, Chaco100 m (330 ft)Stegomastodon cf. platensis
PleistoceneEl Palmar Fm.Estancia El Palmar, Entre Ríos29 m (95 ft)Stegomastodon platensis
Punta Piedras, Punta Indio, Buenos Aires1 m (3.3 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Río Carcarañá, Río Tercero, Santa Fe65 m (213 ft)Mastodon sp.
Bajada de Santa Fe, Entre Ríos12 m (39 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Pampa de Olaen, Córdoba900 m (3,000 ft)cf. Notiomastodon platensis
Arroyo Feliciano Fm.San José de Feliciano, Entre Ríos50 m (160 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Tapalqué, Buenos Aires95 m (312 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Arroyo Perucho Verna Fm.Villa Elisa, Entre Ríos27 m (89 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Charbonier Fm.Valle de Los Reartes, Córdoba870 m (2,850 ft)Stegomastodon platensis ("=Notiomastodon sp.")
Tafí del Valle Fm.Tafí del Valle, Tucumán2,000 m (6,600 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
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Bolivia

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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Bolivia
Cuvieronius hyodon (="C. andinum")
Notiomastodon platensis
Stegomastodon sp.
Cuvieronius, Notiomastodon & Stegomastodon
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
PleistoceneRío Rujero, Tarija1,718 m (5,636 ft)Cuvieronius hyodon
Ulloma Fm.Río Desaguadero, Ulloma, Oruro3,880 m (12,730 ft)Cuvieronius hyodon
Anzaldo, Cochabamba3,038 m (9,967 ft)Cuvieronius sp.
Betanzos Basin, between Potosí and Sucre3,390 m (11,120 ft)Cuvieronius hyodon
Valle de Carohuaycho, between Camiri and Charagua1,080 m (3,540 ft)Cuvieronius "andinum"
Chiquitos167 m (548 ft)Cuvieronius "andinum"
Villa Montes, Tarija413 m (1,355 ft)Notiomastodon platensis
Mid Pleistocene Ñuapua Fm.Ñuapua 1, Chuquisaca595 m (1,952 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Early PleistoceneTarija Fm.Tarija, Tarija973 m (3,192 ft)Cuvieronius hyodon, C. tropicus, Notiomastodon sp., Stegomastodon sp.
Close

Brazil

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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Brazil
Amahuacatherium peruvium
Haplomastodon sp.
  H. chimborazi
Notiomastodon platensis
Stegomastodon waringi
Haplomastodon & Notiomastodon
Haplomastodon & Stegomastodon
Gomphotheriidae indet.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
HoloceneLagoa do Rumo/Chapada Diamantina, Baixa Grande, Bahia400 m (1,300 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Late PleistoceneGarrincho, São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí390 m (1,280 ft)Haplomastodon chimborazi
Toca da Janela da Barra do Antoniao, São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí300 m (980 ft)Haplomastodon sp.
Gruta dos Brejões, Morro do Chapéu, Bahia500 m (1,600 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Toca dos Ossos, Ourolândia, Bahia770 m (2,530 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Fazenda Suse II, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia900 m (3,000 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Janaúba, Minas Gerais580 m (1,900 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Gruta do Ingá, Pains, Minas Gerais700 m (2,300 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Poté, Minas Gerais560 m (1,840 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Lapa do Caetano, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais685 m (2,247 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Lajedo de Escada, Apodi, Rio Grande do Norte122 m (400 ft)Stegomastodon waringi ("= Notiomastodon platensis")
Caverna do Japonês & Nascente do Formoso, Serra da Bodoquena, Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul373 m (1,224 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Picos II, Piranhas, Alagoas255 m (837 ft)Notiomastodon platensis
Touro Passo Fm.Touro Passo Creek, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul52 m (171 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Pleistocene Aguas do Araxá, Minas Gerais973 m (3,192 ft)Haplomastodon waringi, Stegomastodon waringi
Inajá Fm.Inajá, Pernambuco355 m (1,165 ft)Haplomastodon chimborazi
Lage Grande, Pesqueira, Pernambuco740 m (2,430 ft)Haplomastodon chimborazi, Notiomastodon vidali
Roçado & Quixabinha, Petrolândia, Pernambuco320 m (1,050 ft)Haplomastodon sp.
Santa Cruz do Capibaribe & Panelas, Pernambuco440 m (1,440 ft)Haplomastodon sp. (="Stegomastodon")
Águas Belas & Santa Maria da Boa Vista, Pernambuco360 m (1,180 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Lagoa das Pedras, Salgueiro, Pernambuco430 m (1,410 ft)Haplomastodon waringi
Lagoa Lajinha, Petrolina, Pernambuco390 m (1,280 ft)Stegomastodon waringi "(=H. waringi)"
Fazenda Nova, Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco470 m (1,540 ft)Stegomastodon sp. "(=Haplomastodon sp.)", S. waringi, Notiomastodon platensis
Jirau & João Cativo, Itapipoca, Ceará65 m (213 ft)Notiomastodon platensis
Taguara/Araras, Nova Mamoré & Porto Velho, Rondônia150 m (490 ft)Notiomastodon platensis
Sitio Novo, Matina, Bahia490 m (1,610 ft)Notiomastodon platensis
Vitória da Conquista, Bahia950 m (3,120 ft)Notiomastodon platensis
Fazenda Caraíba, Coronel João Sá, Bahia266 m (873 ft)Stegomastodon waringi, Notiomastodon platensis
Serro do Gronda, Espírito Santo25 m (82 ft)Haplomastodon chimborazi
Taperoá, Paraíba530 m (1,740 ft)Haplomastodon sp.
Upper Ribeira, São Paulo360 m (1,180 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Tortonian Solimões Fm.Río Acre, Acre274 m (899 ft)Amahuacatherium peruvium
Close

Chile

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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Chile
Cuvieronius hyodon
Stegomastodon sp.
Gomphotheriidae indet.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Pleistocene Taguatagua, O'Higgins 206 m (676 ft) C. hyodon (rev. Stegomastodon sp.)
Tierras Blancas & Los Vilos, La Ligua, Valparaíso 943 m (3,094 ft) C. hyodon (rev. Stegomastodon sp.)
Parral, Cauquenes, Maule 150 m (490 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
San Pablo de Tramalhué, Pilauco Bajo, Osorno 14 m (46 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Río Bueno, Valdivia 10 m (33 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Paredones & Colchagua 55 m (180 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Alto de Boroa, Temuco 131 m (430 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Limahuida, Río Choapa 282 m (925 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Casablanca 313 m (1,027 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Chillán 138 m (453 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Monte Verde 59 m (194 ft) C. hyodon (rev. Stegomastodon sp.)
Lagunillas, Valparaíso 212 m (696 ft) cf. hyodon
Catapilco, La Ligua 103 m (338 ft) cf. hyodon
Marchigüe, Colchagua 170 m (560 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
El Trebal 1, Padre Hurtado, Metropolitan Region 424 m (1,391 ft) Stegomastodon platensis
Río Salado 1, Chiu Chiu 3,012 m (9,882 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Quebrada Quereo Fm. Quereo 20 m (66 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Malloco, Santiago 482 m (1,581 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Algarrobo 5 m (16 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Melipilla 269 m (883 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Cerrillos, Santiago 516 m (1,693 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Chorro de la Vieja, Colchagua 1,813 m (5,948 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Cachagua 5 m (16 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Estero de Coyanco, Laja 121 m (397 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet.
Pliocene Las Pozas/Chacabuco 695 m (2,280 ft) C. tropicus (rev. Stegomastodon sp.)
Close

Colombia

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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Colombia
Haplomastodon sp.
  H. chimborazi
  H. waringi
Stegomastodon sp.
  S. waringi
Cuvieronius & Haplomastodon
Gomphotheriidae indet.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Holocene Quaternary alluvium Yumbo, Valle del Cauca 855 m (2,805 ft) Stegomastodon waringi
Turbaná, Bolívar80 m (260 ft)Stegomastodon waringi
Late Pleistocene (Lujanian)Sabana Fm.Tibitó, Checua, Bosa, Guasca, Guatavita, Soacha, Tunjuelito, Pubenza & Mosquera, Tocancipá, Bogotá savanna, Cundinamarca2,600 m (8,500 ft)Cuvieronius hyodon, Haplomastodon waringi or H. chimborazi
Curití, Santander1,400 m (4,600 ft)Haplomastodon chimborazi
Soatá Fm.Soatá, Boyacá1,950 m (6,400 ft)Haplomastodon waringi
Rotinet Fm.Rotinet, Repelón, Atlántico8 m (26 ft)Haplomastodon waringi
Middle Pleistocene Tocaima, Cundinamarca432 m (1,417 ft)Haplomastodon waringi
Pleistocene Arboleda, Nariño2,170 m (7,120 ft)Haplomastodon sp.
Mercaderes, Cauca1,170 m (3,840 ft)Haplomastodon sp.
El Remolino, Taminango, Nariño1,470 m (4,820 ft)Haplomastodon sp.
Toro, Valle del Cauca970 m (3,180 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Medellín, Antioquia1,500 m (4,900 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
El Cocuy, Boyacá2,750 m (9,020 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Duitama, Boyacá2,600 m (8,500 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Sáchica, Boyacá2,150 m (7,050 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Socotá, Boyacá2,440 m (8,010 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Tunja, Boyacá2,820 m (9,250 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Villa de Leyva, Boyacá2,150 m (7,050 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Salamina, Caldas1,820 m (5,970 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca1,750 m (5,740 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Carrizal, Uribia, La Guajira53 m (174 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Cabrera & San Alfonso, Villavieja, Huila430 m (1,410 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Cúcuta, Norte de Santander320 m (1,050 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Pamplona, Norte de Santander2,340 m (7,680 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Agualinda, Lebrija, Santander1,050 m (3,440 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Vélez, Santander2,050 m (6,730 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Ibagué, Tolima1,280 m (4,200 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Ortega, Tolima2,680 m (8,790 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
La Victoria, Valle del Cauca900 m (3,000 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Zarzal, Valle del Cauca900 m (3,000 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Close

Ecuador

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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Ecuador
Cuvieronius hyodon (TL)
Haplomastodon chimborazi
H. guayasensis
Gomphotheriidae indet.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Mid to Late Pleistocene Tablazo Fm. Río Cañas, Montecristi, Manabí 100 m (330 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Pleistocene Imbabura, Imbabura 3,200 m (10,500 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon (TL)
Region de La Paz, Carchi 2,690 m (8,830 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Hacienca Pucará, Carchi 3,000 m (9,800 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Calderón/Carapungo, Quito, Pichincha 2,630 m (8,630 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Alangasí, Quito, Pichincha 2,539 m (8,330 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Punín, Chalán, Chimborazo 2,994 m (9,823 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Tumbaco, Pichincha 2,360 m (7,740 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Llano Chico, Quito, Pichincha 2,610 m (8,560 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Quebrada La Tola, Quito, Pichincha 2,343 m (7,687 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Checa, Pichincha 2,520 m (8,270 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
La Carolina, Santa Elena 5 m (16 ft) Haplomastodon guayasensis
Tanque Loma, Santa Elena 21 m (69 ft) Gomphotheriidae indet. (cf. N. platensis)
Quebrada Pistud, Bolívar, Carchi 2,760 m (9,060 ft) Haplomastodon chimborazi
Baños, Cuenca 2,760 m (9,060 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
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Paraguay

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Location of gomphothere fossil finds in Paraguay
cf. Notiomastodon
Stegomastodon sp.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Pleistocene General Bruguer/Riacho Negro, Presidente Hayes 55 m (180 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Puerto Santa Rosa, San Pedro 72 m (236 ft) cf. Notiomastodon
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Peru

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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Peru
Amahuacatherium peruvium
Cuvieronius hyodon
Stegomastodon sp. "=Haplomastodon"[136]
  S. waringi
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Late Pleistocene La Brea, Talara, Piura 3 m (9.8 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Cupinisque Desert, La Libertad 2 m (6.6 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Ocucaje, Ica 500 m (1,600 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Quebrada El Jahuay, Arequipa 1 m (3.3 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
La Huaca, Piura 17 m (56 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Ayusbamba, Cuzco 3,500 m (11,500 ft) Cuvieronius hyodon
Quipan, Canta, Lima 2,200 m (7,200 ft) Stegomastodon waringi
Pasamayo Quarry, Lima 10 m (33 ft) Stegomastodon waringi
Pleistocene Sacaco 2, Arequipa 750 m (2,460 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Celendín, Cajamarca 2,500 m (8,200 ft) Stegomastodon sp.
Tortonian Madre de Dios Fm.Cerro Colorado, Madre de Dios300 m (980 ft)Amahuacatherium peruvium
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Uruguay

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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Uruguay
Stegomastodon waringi
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Late Pleistocene Dolores Fm. Campo Viñoles, Cerro Largo 105 m (344 ft) Stegomastodon waringi
Mid to Late Pleistocene Casil Quarry, Montevideo 17 m (56 ft) Stegomastodon waringi
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Venezuela

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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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List of gomphothere fossils in South America
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Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Venezuela
?Cuvieronius sp.
Haplomastodon chimborazi
H. sp. &/= Stegomastodon waringi
Stegomastodon sp.
Gomphotheriidae indet.
More information Age, Formation ...
AgeFormationLocationPresent elevationFossilsNotes
Late Pleistocene Cucuruchú, Barquisimeto566 m (1,857 ft)Haplomastodon chimborazi ("=Stegomastodon")
Taima-Taima, Falcón40 m (130 ft)Haplomastodon sp., (=)Stegomastodon waringi
San Miguel, Lara998 m (3,274 ft)?Stegomastodon sp.
Quíbor, Lara694 m (2,277 ft)?Stegomastodon sp.
Quebrada de Guadalupe, Lara590 m (1,940 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
San Juan de los Morros, Guárico450 m (1,480 ft)Stegomastodon sp.
Los Guamos, Trujillo1,200 m (3,900 ft)?Cuvieronius sp.
Minas de Guaniamo, Cedeño, Bolívar250 m (820 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Los Guayos, Guacara, Carabobo440 m (1,440 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Zanja de Lira, Cojedes70 m (230 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
La Ciénega, Pueblo Nuevo [es], Falcón60 m (200 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Coro, Falcón28 m (92 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Camaguán, Guárico50 m (160 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Barbacoas, Lara1,500 m (4,900 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Carora, Lara425 m (1,394 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
La Cruz, Guardagallos, Quebrada del Totumo, Urdaneta, Lara185 m (607 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
El Anís, Mérida499 m (1,637 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Maturín, Monagas90 m (300 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Mundo Nuevo, Monagas900 m (3,000 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Orocual, Monagas145 m (476 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Cumanacoa, Sucre231 m (758 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Agua Viva, Trujillo120 m (390 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Serranía del Perijá, Zulia175 m (574 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
Minas de Guasare-Socuy, Zulia26 m (85 ft)Gomphotheriidae indet.
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Proposed reclassification

Some authors, Lucas, Mothé, Avilla et al., propose a reclassification of the South American gomphotheres as follows:[3][4][5][6]

  • Stegomastodon (Pohlig, 1912) is an exclusively North American genus
  • Haplomastodon (Hoffstetter 1950) is a South American genus, but synonymous with Notiomastodon (Cabrera 1929)
  • as Notiomastodon was defined earlier, all Haplomastodon species should be considered part of Notiomastodon
  • all formerly described species as Stegomastodon sp., Haplomastodon sp. and Notiomastodon sp. belong to a single species; Notiomastodon platensis
  • Cuvieronius is the only remaining South American genus outside of Notiomastodon, containing the single local species C. hyodon

Other researchers as Labarca, Prado and Alberdi agree with the placement of species into Notiomastodon, but reject the idea of a single species. They continue to use Stegomastodon waringi for South American gomphotheres from Chile.[90]

Evolution

  • Lucas (2010, 2013) proposes that Notiomastodon evolved from Cuvieronius inside South America[3]
  • Mothé et al. (2012, 2015, 2016) propose that Notiomastodon and Cuvieronius reached South America in two separate migration waves[156]

See also

Notes and references

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