List of democratic socialists

This is a partial list of notable democratic socialists.

Politicians

Heads of government

• Salvador Allende, President of Chile (1970–1973)^[1][2][3]
• Jacobo Árbenz, President of Guatemala (1951–1954)^[4]
• Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1945–1951)^[5][6][7]
• Michelle Bachelet, President of Chile (2006–2010; 2014–2018)^{[citation needed]}
• David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel (1948–1954; 1955–1963)^[8][9]
• Léon Blum, Prime Minister of France (1936–1937; 1938)^[10]
• Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany (1969–1974)^[11][12]
• Álvaro Colom, President of Guatemala (2008–2012)^[11]
• Alexander Dubček, leader of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1968–1969)^[13]
• Peter Fraser, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1940–1949)^[14]
• Mauricio Funes, President of El Salvador (2009–2014)^[15]
• Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet leader (1985–1991)^[16][17]
• António Guterres, Prime-Minister of Portugal (1995 - 2002) and Secretary General of the United Nations (2016–present)
• Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (1992–1997)^[18]
• Norman Kirk, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1972–1974)^[19]
• Fernando Lugo, President of Paraguay (2008–2012)^[15]
• Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1924; 1929–1935)^[20]
• Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa (1994–1999)^[21][22]
• Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1972–1980)^[23]
• François Mitterrand, President of France (1981–1995)^[24][25]
• Evo Morales, President of Bolivia (2006–2019)^[15]
• José Mujica, President of Uruguay (2010–2015)^[15]
• Walter Nash, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1957–1960)^[26]
• Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India (1947–1964)^[27][28]
• Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua (1985–1990; 2007–present)^[15]
• Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (1969–1976; 1982–1986)^[11][13]
• José Ramos-Horta, President of East Timor (2007–2012)^[29]
• Giuseppe Saragat, President of Italy (1964–1971)^[30]
• Michael Joseph Savage, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1935–1940)^[31]
• Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil (2003–2011, 2023–present)^[11]
• Sutan Sjahrir, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1945–1947)^[32]
• Mário Soares, Founder and Leader of the Socialist Party (1973–1986), Prime-Minister of Portugal (1976–1978; 1983–1986) and President of the Portuguese Republic (1986–1996)
• Kalevi Sorsa, Prime Minister of Finland (1972–1975; 1977–1979; 1982–1987)^[33]
• Alexis Tsipras, Prime Minister of Greece (2015–2019)^[34]
• Tabaré Vázquez, President of Uruguay (2005–2010; 2015–2020)^[11]
• Chris Watson, Prime Minister of Australia (1904)^[35]
• Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1964–1970; 1974–1976)^[5][36]
• Lionel Jospin, Prime Minister of France (1997–2002)

Disputed

• Gordon Brown, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2007–2010)^[37] – disputed^[38]
• Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (1999–2013)^[39][15] – disputed^[11][40][41]
• James Callaghan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1976–1979)^{[42][43][44][45]} – disputed^[46][47][48]
• Rafael Correa, President of Ecuador (2007–2017)^[15] – disputed^[41]

Other politicians

• Niki Ashton, member of Parliament of Canada, two time Leadership candidate
• Obafemi Awolowo, Premier of the Western State of Nigeria (1954–1960)^[49]
• Tony Benn, member of the Labour Party and founder of the Socialist Campaign Group^[50][51]
• Eduard Bernstein, member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany^[52][53]
• Aneurin Bevan, father of the National Health Service^{[54][55][56][57]}
• Louis Blanc, member of the French Provisional Government of 1848^[58]
• Lee J. Carter, member of the Virginia House of Delegates^[59]
• Alexandre Boulerice, deputy leader of the NDP, member of parliament of Canada
• Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition^[60]
• Anthony Crosland, member of the Labour Party^[5][61]
• Eugene V. Debs, five-time Socialist Party of America presidential candidate^[62]
• Tommy Douglas, father of Medicare^[63]
• Evan Durbin, member of the Labour Party^[52]
• Michael Foot, leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition^[64]
• Peter Hain, member of the Labour Party^[65][66]
• Joel Harden, member of the Ontario Provincial Parliament.^[67]
• Michael Harrington, founder of the Democratic Socialists of America^[52][53]
• Denis Healey, member of the Labour Party^[68][69][70]
• Karl Kautsky, member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany^[71]
• Neil Kinnock, leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition^[72]
• Kevin Kühnert, member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany^[73]
• Ferdinand Lassalle, founder of the General German Workers' Association^[58]
• Ken Livingstone, Mayor of London (2000–2008)^[74]
• Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, member of the French Parliament in 1848^[75]
• Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, New York Representative^[76]
• Bernie Sanders, Senator from Vermont^[77]
• Kshama Sawant, Seattle City Council member^[78]
• Norman Thomas, six-time Socialist Party of America presidential candidate^[79]
• Rashida Tlaib, Michigan Representative^[80]
• Jean-Luc Mélenchon, French presidential candidate

Intellectuals and activists

• Edward Bellamy, American author, journalist and political activist^[11]
• Fred Hampton, American activist and chairman of the Black Panther Party
• Étienne Cabet, French philosopher and utopian socialist^[11]
• Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Indian Polymath
• Jim Cornette, American professional wrestling personality and manager^[81]
• Milovan Đilas, Yugoslav communist politician and dissident^[82]
• Barbara Ehrenreich, American author and political activist^[83]
• Albert Einstein, German-born theoretical physicist^{[84][85][86][87][88]}
• Friedrich Engels, German philosopher and sociologist^[89][90][91]
• Erich Fromm, Jewish German philosopher^[92][93][94]
• Charles Fourier, French philosopher and utopian socialist^[11]
• Henry George, American social reformer^[11]
• Charles Hall,  British physician, social critic and Ricardian socialist^[95]
• Christopher Hitchens, English-American journalist^[96]
• Owen Jones, English journalist and political commentator^[97]
• Helen Keller, American political activist^[98]
• Martin Luther King Jr., African-American civil rights leader^{[99][100][101]}
• Naomi Klein, Canadian author and social activist^[102]
• Leszek Kołakowski, Polish philosopher and communist dissident^{[103][104][105]}
• Rosa Luxemburg, Polish philosopher and economist^[106]
• Karl Marx, German philosopher, sociologist and economist^{[11][91][89][90]}
• John Stuart Mill, British philosopher and economist^[107]
• George Orwell, English novelist^[108]
• Robert Owen, Welsh social reformer and utopian socialist^[11]
• Thomas Paine, English-born American philosopher and political theorist^[109]
• Bertrand Russell, British philosopher^[110]
• Andrei Sakharov, Soviet physicist, dissident and human rights activist^[111]
• Henri de Saint-Simon, French political and economic utopian socialist theorist^[11]
• Roger Waters, English musician^[112]
• Cornel West, American philosopher and political activist ^[113]
• Richard D. Wolff, American economist^[114]
• Howard Zinn, American historian^[115]

See also

• List of Democratic Socialists of America members who have held office in the United States

References

Citations

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3. Winn, Peter (2004). Victims of the Chilean Miracle: Workers and Neoliberalism in the Pinochet Era, 1973–2002. Duke University Press. p. 16. The Allende government that Pinochet overthrew in 1973 had been elected in 1970 on a platform of pioneering a democratic road to a democratic socialism.
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41. Iber, Patrick (Spring 2016). "The Path to Democratic Socialism: Lessons from Latin America". Dissent. "Most of the world's democratic socialist intellectuals have been skeptical of Latin America's examples, citing their authoritarian qualities and occasional cults of personality. To critics, the appropriate label for these governments is not socialism but populism."
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100. Sekou, Osagyefo Uhuru (20 January 2014). "The radical gospel of Martin Luther King". Al Jazeera. King's democratic socialism [...].
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102. Nineham, Chris (2007). The Shock Doctrine Book Review. Socialist Review. Retrieved 11 August 2013.
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107. Baum, Bruce. "J. S. Mill and Liberal Socialism". In Urbanati, Nadia; Zachars Alex, eds. (2007). J. S. Mill's Political Thought: A Bicentennial Reassessment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. "Mill, in contrast, advances a form of liberal democratic socialism for the enlargement of freedom as well as to realize social and distributive justice. He offers a powerful account of economic injustice and justice that is centered on his understanding of freedom and its conditions".
108. Orwell, George (1968) [1958]. Bott, George (ed.). Selected Writings. London: Heinemann. p. 103. ISBN 0-435-13675-5. Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism, as I understand it.
109. Monahan, Sean (6 March 2015). "Reading Paine From the Left". Jacobin. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
110. Ryan, Alan (1981). Bertrand Russell: A Political Life. Macmillan. p. 87. ISBN 9780374528201. None the less Russell joined the ILP [Independent Labour Party] and declared himself a democratic socialist, then and thereafter.
111. "Andrei Sakharov". Spartacus Educational. He also advocated the integration of the communist and capitalist systems to form what he called democratic socialism.
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• Thomas, Norman (1953). Democratic Socialism: A New Appraisal. New York: League for Industrial Democracy. ISBN 978-0-5986-9160-6.