List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1970–1979)

The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award of the Republic of India.^[1] Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.^[2] The recipients receive a Sanad, a certificate signed by the President of India and a circular-shaped medallion with no monetary association. The recipients are announced every year on Republic Day (26 January) and registered in The Gazette of India—a publication used for official government notices and released weekly by the Department of Publication, under the Ministry of Urban Development.^[3] The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in the Gazette. The name of recipient, whose award have been revoked or restored, both of which require the authority of the President, is archived and they are required to surrender their medal when their name is struck from the register;^[4] none of the conferments of Padma Bhushan during 1970–1979 have been revoked or restored. The recommendations are received from all the state and the union territory governments, as well as from Ministries of the Government of India, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan awardees, the Institutes of Excellence, the Ministers, the Chief Ministers and the Governors of State, and the Members of Parliament including private individuals.^[3]

Padma Bhushan
Type	National Civilian
Country	India
Presented by	Government of India
Ribbon
Obverse	A centrally located lotus flower is embossed and the text "Padma" written in Devanagari script is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus.
Reverse	A platinum State Emblem of India placed in the centre with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari Script
Established	1954
First awarded	1954
Total	205
Website	http://www.padmaawards.gov.in/
Precedence
Next (higher)	Padma Vibhushan
Next (lower)	Padma Shri
← Padma Vibhushan "Dusra Varg" (Class II)

When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri.^[3] The criteria included "distinguished service of a high order in any field including service rendered by Government servants", but excluded those working with the public sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists. The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards; this was subsequently modified in the January 1955 statute.^[4] The design was also changed to the form that is currently in use; it portrays a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion 1+3⁄4 inches (44 mm) in diameter and 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) thick. The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of 1+3⁄16-inch (30 mm) side is embossed with a knob carved within each of the outer angles of the pattern. A raised circular space of diameter 1+1⁄16 inches (27 mm) is placed at the centre of the decoration. A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma" is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus written in Devanagari script. The State Emblem of India is displayed in the centre of the reverse side, together with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari script, which is inscribed on the lower edge. The rim, the edges and all embossing on either side is of standard gold with the text "Padma Bhushan" of gold gilt. The medal is suspended by a pink riband 1+1⁄4 inches (32 mm) in width with a broad white stripe in the middle.^[3][4] It is ranked fifth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations of the Indian civilian and military awards.^[a]

As the result of the 6th general election held in March 1977, Morarji Desai was sworn in as the Prime Minister of India on 24 March 1977 replacing the Indira Gandhi led government of the Indian National Congress. On 31 July, the newly formed government retracted all the civilian awards including the Padma Bhushan deeming them "worthless and politicized".^[6] After the 7th general election of 1980 Gandhi was again sworn in as the Prime Minister and all civilian awards were reinstated on 25 January 1980. Consequently, this award was not presented in 1978 and 1979.^[7]

A total of 205 awards were presented in the 1970s – twenty-eight in 1970, followed by forty-one in 1971, fifty in 1972, seventeen in 1973, twenty-one in 1974, fifteen in 1975, sixteen in 1976 and seventeen in 1977. The Padma Bhushan in the 1970s was also conferred upon eight foreign recipients – four from the United States, two from Italy, and one each from Belgium and the United Kingdom. Individuals from nine different fields were awarded, which includes forty-eight from literature and education, forty-three from civil services, thirty-four artists, twenty-six from science and engineering, twenty-one from social work, seventeen from medicine, twelve from trade and industry, three from public affairs, and one sportsperson. Novelist Khushwant Singh, who accepted the award in 1974 in the field of literature and education, returned it in 1984 as a notion of protest against the Operation Blue Star.^[8]

Recipients

Kumari Kamala (awarded in 1970) is known for her classical Bharat Natyam dance performances on stage and in Hindi and Tamil films like Kismet (1943), Ram Rajya (1943) and Naam Iruvar (1948). She also performed at the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953. Later in the late 1970s she took to teaching in the New York and New Jersey areas and was honoured with the National Heritage Fellowship (2010).^[9]

Purushottam Kashinath Kelkar (awarded in 1970), an electrical engineer by qualification from the University of Liverpool is known for his works related to IIT Bombay (IITB) and IIT Kanpur (IITK). He collaborated with Soviet engineers as the chief planning officer of IITB in the early years of its establishment and later collaborated with nine American institutes headed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology to help establish IITK, becoming its first director.^[10]

Regarded as the "doyenne of Kirana gharana",^[11] Gangubai Hangal (awarded in 1971) was a Hindustani classical singer and student of Sawai Gandharva. Her career spanned over eight decades and included singing for Marathi films, studio and radio recordings and various stage concerts.^[12]

D. K. Pattammal (awarded in 1971) was one of the early Brahmin caste female singers to perform Carnatic music in public which was against social norms.^[13] Along with M. S. Subbulakshmi and M. L. Vasanthakumari, she was counted in "the classical triumvirate".^[14]

Camille Bulcke (awarded in 1974) arrived in India in 1935 as a missionary of the Roman Catholic Church and with an interest in Indian philosophy and literature studied the Hindi language. Earning MA and D.Phil. from University of Allahabad on his subject Ramkatha: Utpatti aur Vikas (The tale of Rama: its origin and development), he further went on to write various Hindi-English dictionaries and glossary books and headed the Hindi department of St. Xavier's College, Ranchi.^[15]

Mallikarjun Mansur (awarded in 1976) was an exponent of the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana of Hindustani classical music. Mansur was a recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Hindustani Music (1971) and the Kalidas Samman from the Government of Madhya Pradesh (1981). He was elected the Fellow of the Sangeet Natak Akademi "[f]or his eminence in the field of music and his contribution to its enrichment" in 1982.^[16]

Scientist and educator Yash Pal (awarded in 1976) has worked on various projects implementing technological advances into telecommunication; the most notable being usage of satellite-based television for rural education. He has also held various administrative positions like being chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University. He also won the Marconi Prize in 1980.^[17]

Known for his contributions to the development of space technology in the country, space scientist Udupi Ramachandra Rao (awarded in 1976) was the former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (1984–1994). Rao became the first Indian Space Scientist to be inducted into the "Satellite Hall of Fame" by the Society of Satellite Professionals International and the International Astronautics Federation.^[18]

Theoretical physicist E. C. George Sudarshan (awarded in 1976) is best known for his quantum optics theory popular as Glauber–Sudarshan P representation. While Roy J. Glauber received the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics, exclusion of Sudarshan for his contributions has met criticism.^[19]

Award recipients by year[20] Year Number of recipients 1970 28 1971 41 1972 50 1973 17 1974 21 1975 15 1976 16 1977 17 1978 0 1979 0	Award recipients by field[20] Field Number of recipients Arts 34 Civil Service 43 Literature & Education 48 Medicine 17 Public Affairs 3 Science & Engineering 26 Social Work 21 Sports 1 Trade & Industry 12

• 1970
• 1971
• 1972
• 1973
• 1974
• 1975
• 1976
• 1977

Key

# Indicates a posthumous honour

List of Padma Bhushan award recipients, showing the year, field, and state/country^[20]

Year	Recipient	Field	State
1970	Ramkinkar Baij	Arts	West Bengal
1970	Hirabai Barodekar	Arts	Maharashtra
1970	Buddhadeb Bose	Literature & Education	West Bengal
1970	M. R. Brahmam	Civil Service	Andhra Pradesh
1970	Amiya Chakravarty	Literature & Education	West Bengal
1970	T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar	Literature & Education	Tamil Nadu
1970	Birendra Nath Ganguli	Literature & Education	Delhi
1970	Lala Hansraj Gupta	Public Affairs	Haryana
1970	Ratan Lal Joshi	Literature & Education	Delhi
1970	Gurram Jashuva	Literature & Education	Andhra Pradesh
1970	Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar	Social Work	Maharashtra
1970	Kumari Kamala	Arts	Tamil Nadu
1970	Purushottam Kashinath Kelkar	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1970	M. S. Krishnan	Science & Engineering	Tamil Nadu
1970	Syed Abdul Latif	Literature & Education	Andhra Pradesh
1970	Bhagwantrao Mandloi	Public Affairs	Madhya Pradesh
1970	Mahesh Prasad Mehray	Medicine	Uttar Pradesh
1970	Sombhu Mitra	Arts	West Bengal
1970	Vivekananda Mukhopadhyaya	Literature & Education	West Bengal
1970	Krishnaswami Ramiah	Science & Engineering	Tamil Nadu
1970	Gainedi A. Narasimha Rao	Civil Service	Andhra Pradesh
1970	Anant alias Annasaheb Sahasrabuddhe	Social Work	Maharashtra
1970	Surrendar Saini	Social Work	Delhi
1970	Viswanatha Satyanarayana	Literature & Education	Andhra Pradesh
1970	Ahmed Jan Thirakwa	Arts	Uttar Pradesh
1970	N. M. Wagle	Civil Service	Maharashtra
1970	Prem Nath Wahi	Civil Service	Delhi
1970	Yashpal	Literature & Education	Punjab
1971	N. Ramaswami Ayyar	Social Work	Tamil Nadu
1971	Suraj Bhan	Literature & Education	Chandigarh
1971	Gokulbhai Bhatt	Social Work	Rajasthan
1971	Jaishankar Bhojak	Arts	Gujarat
1971	Monindra Nath Chakravarti	Civil Service	West Bengal
1971	Kandathil Mammen Cherian	Literature & Education	Kerala
1971	Jogesh Chandra De	Trade & Industry	West Bengal
1971	Ramrao Deshmukh	Trade & Industry	Maharashtra
1971	Satish Dhawan	Science & Engineering	Karnataka
1971	Bhalchandra Digambar Garware	Trade & Industry	Maharashtra
1971	Gangubai Hangal	Arts	Karnataka
1971	Musiri Subramania Iyer	Arts	Tamil Nadu
1971	P Tiruvillvamalai Seshan M. Iyer	Arts	Tamil Nadu
1971	Jainendra Kumar Jain	Literature & Education	Delhi
1971	Mungtu Ram Jaipuria	Social Work	Delhi
1971	Veni Shankar Jha	Literature & Education	Madhya Pradesh
1971	Raj Kapoor	Arts	Punjab
1971	A. Vithal alias Dhananjay Keer	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1971	Amir Khan	Arts	Maharashtra
1971	Nissar Hussain Khan	Arts	Uttar Pradesh
1971	P. Kalathil Kunju Kurup	Arts	Kerala
1971	R. K. Laxman	Arts	Maharashtra
1971	Shantilal Jamnadas Mehta	Medicine	Maharashtra
1971	Ved Rattan Mohan	Trade & Industry	Uttar Pradesh
1971	Kedar Nath Mookerjee	Trade & Industry	West Bengal
1971	Santosh Kumar Mukerji	Medicine	Madhya Pradesh
1971	Bishnupada Mukhopadhyaya	Medicine	Bihar
1971	Kalindi Charan Panigrahi	Literature & Education	Odisha
1971	Manibhai J. Patel	Trade & Industry	Madhya Pradesh
1971	D. K. Pattammal	Arts	Tamil Nadu
1971	Krishnarao Phulambrikar	Arts	Maharashtra
1971	Venkatarama Ramalingam Pillai	Literature & Education	Tamil Nadu
1971	Vulimiri Ramalingaswami	Medicine	Tamil Nadu
1971	Suresh Chandra Roy	Trade & Industry	West Bengal
1971	Pandurang Vasudeo Sukhatme	Science & Engineering	—[A]
1971	Pichu Sambamoorthi	Arts	Tamil Nadu
1971	Devchand Chhaganlal Shah	Social Work	Maharashtra
1971	Madan Mohan Singh	Medicine	Delhi
1971	Bhagwati Charan Verma	Literature & Education	Uttar Pradesh
1971	Parmeshwari Lal Verma	Civil Service	Chandigarh
1971	Kasturi Lal Vij	Civil Service	Delhi
1972	Jagjit Singh Aurora	Civil Service	Delhi
1972	Madhavrao Bagal	Social Work	Maharashtra
1972	Surinder Singh Bedi	Civil Service	Delhi
1972	Gopal Gurunath Bewoor	Civil Service	Karnataka
1972	Gulestan Rustom Billimoria	Social Work	Maharashtra
1972	Kunhiraman Palat Candeth	Civil Service	Delhi
1972	Ram Narayan Chakravarti	Science & Engineering	West Bengal
1972	Pran Nath Chhutani	Literature & Education	Chandigarh
1972	Yashodhara Dasappa	Social Work	Karnataka
1972	Maheshwar Dayal	Social Work	Delhi
1972	Hari Chand Dewan	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Minoo Merwan Engineer	Civil Service	Gujarat
1972	Benoy Bhushan Ghosh	Civil Service	West Bengal
1972	Inderjit Singh Gill	Civil Service	Maharashtra
1972	Mohd. Hayath	Civil Service	Karnataka
1972	Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani	Medicine	Maharashtra
1972	L. A. Krishna Iyer	Science & Engineering	Kerala
1972	Sourendra Nath Kohli	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Jai Krishna	Civil Service	Uttar Pradesh
1972	Nilakanta Krishnan	Civil Service	Tamil Nadu
1972	Ashwini Kumar	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Pran Nath Luthra	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Amrut V. Mody	Civil Service	Maharashtra
1972	N. G. Krishna Murti	Civil Service	Delhi
1972	T. A. Pai	Civil Service	Karnataka
1972	Vinayakrao Patwardhan	Arts	Maharashtra
1972	Dattatraya Yeshwant Phadke	Science & Engineering	Maharashtra
1972	Kayalath Pothen Philip	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1972	Bhalchandra Nilkanth Purandare	Medicine	Maharashtra
1972	Tapishwar Narain Raina	Civil Service	Jammu & Kashmir
1972	Bharat Ram	Trade & Industry	Delhi
1972	Mohinder Singh Randhawa	Science & Engineering	Punjab
1972	Adya Rangacharya	Literature & Education	Karnataka
1972	M. B. Ramachandra Rao	Science & Engineering	Delhi
1972	Ayyagari Sambasiva Rao	Science & Engineering	Andhra Pradesh
1972	Sujoy B. Roy	Medicine	West Bengal
1972	Khusro Faramurz Rustamji	Civil Service	Madhya Pradesh
1972	Sirtaj Singh Sahi	Civil Service	Chandigarh
1972	Shantilal C. Sheth	Medicine	Maharashtra
1972	Baldev Singh	Medicine	Delhi
1972	Khem Karan Singh	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Sartaj Singh	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Sagat Singh	Civil Service	Punjab
1972	Birendranath Sircar	Arts	Bihar
1972	Papanasam Sivan	Arts	Tamil Nadu
1972	Chandrika Prasad Srivastava	Civil Service	—[B]
1972	M. S. Swaminathan	Science & Engineering	Tamil Nadu
1972	Krishnaswami Swaminathan	Literature & Education	Delhi
1972	Bal Dattatreya Tilak	Science & Engineering	Maharashtra
1972	Syed Husain Zaheer	Trade & Industry	Andhra Pradesh
1973	Om P. Bahl	Science & Engineering	—[C]
1973	C. Vaidyanatha Bhagavathar	Arts	Kerala
1973	Gosasp Maneckji Sorabji Captain	Social Work	Maharashtra
1973	Harindranath Chattopadhyay	Literature & Education	Andhra Pradesh
1973	Banarsidas Chaturvedi	Literature & Education	Uttar Pradesh
1973	M. A. Muthiah Chettiar	Trade & Industry	Tamil Nadu
1973	M. F. Husain	Arts	Delhi
1973	Pothan Joseph[i]#	Literature & Education	Kerala
1973	N. R. Malkani	Social Work	Rajasthan
1973	Vinoo Mankad	Sports	Gujarat
1973	Sudhir Krishna Mukherjee	Civil Service	West Bengal
1973	Ramakant Maheshwar Muzumdar	Civil Service	Karnataka
1973	Krishnarao Shankar Pandit	Arts	Madhya Pradesh
1973	Pitambar Pant	Civil Service	Uttar Pradesh
1973	Vennelakanti Raghavaiah	Social Work	Andhra Pradesh
1973	Raja Ramanna	Science & Engineering	Tamil Nadu
1973	K. Sukumaran	Literature & Education	Kerala
1974	Alice Boner	Arts	—[A]
1974	Camille Bulcke	Literature & Education	—[D]
1974	Ram Kumar Caroli	Medicine	Uttar Pradesh
1974	Moti Chandra	Science & Engineering	Maharashtra
1974	Dhirendra Nath Ganguly	Arts	West Bengal
1974	D. V. Gundappa	Literature & Education	Karnataka
1974	Vasant Shankar Huzurbazar	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1974	Chintamoni Kar	Arts	West Bengal
1974	Mogubai Kurdikar	Arts	Maharashtra
1974	Jayant Pandurang Naik	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1974	Habib Rahman	Science & Engineering	Delhi
1974	B. N. Reddy	Arts	Andhra Pradesh
1974	John Richardson	Social Work	Andaman & Nicobar Islands
1974	Toppur Seethapathy Sadasivan	Science & Engineering	Tamil Nadu
1974	Sukhlal Sanghvi	Literature & Education	Gujarat
1974	Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia	Civil Service	Maharashtra
1974	Bhupati Mohan Sen	Literature & Education	West Bengal
1974	Thakur Jaideva Singh	Science & Engineering	Uttar Pradesh
1974	Khushwant Singh	Literature & Education	Punjab
1974	Arunachala Sreenivasan	Science & Engineering	Karnataka
1974	Raman Viswanathan	Medicine	Tamil Nadu
1975	Begum Akhtar[ii]#	Arts	Uttar Pradesh
1975	Dilbagh Singh Athwal	Science & Engineering	—[C]
1975	Asima Chatterjee	Science & Engineering	West Bengal
1975	Madhav Sadashiv Gore	Science & Engineering	Maharashtra
1975	Pratul Chandra Gupta	Literature & Education	West Bengal
1975	P. Krishnagopala Iyengar	Science & Engineering	Maharashtra
1975	Darab Jehangir Jussawala	Medicine	Maharashtra
1975	Raj Kumar Khanna	Civil Service	Delhi
1975	Pancheti Koteswaram	Civil Service	Tamil Nadu
1975	Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1975	Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay	Literature & Education	Bihar
1975	Kirpal Singh Narang	Literature & Education	Punjab
1975	P. Ardeshir Narielwala	Trade & Industry	Maharashtra
1975	Ronald Carlton Vivian Piadade Noronha	Civil Service	Madhya Pradesh
1975	Ratan Shastri	Social Work	Rajasthan
1976	Malcolm Adiseshiah	Civil Service	Tamil Nadu
1976	Harivansh Rai Bachchan	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1976	Nabakanta Barua	Literature & Education	Assam
1976	Naoroji Pirojsha Godrej	Trade & Industry	Maharashtra
1976	Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi	Literature & Education	Maharashtra
1976	Zehra Ali Yavar Jung	Social Work	Andhra Pradesh
1976	Mallikarjun Mansur	Arts	Karnataka
1976	Shri Ram Mehta	Civil Service	Delhi
1976	Yash Pal	Science & Engineering	Punjab
1976	Bhogilal Pandya	Social Work	Rajasthan
1976	Udupi Ramachandra Rao	Science & Engineering	Karnataka
1976	Krishnaswami Srinivas Sanjivi	Medicine	Tamil Nadu
1976	Devulapalli Krishnasastri	Literature & Education	Andhra Pradesh
1976	Devendra Sen	Civil Service	West Bengal
1976	Calambur Sivaramamurti	Civil Service	Delhi
1976	E. C. George Sudarshan	Literature & Education	—[C]
1977	Gopinath Aman	Literature & Education	Delhi
1977	Prithvi Singh Azad	Public Affairs	Chandigarh
1977	Harish Chandra	Literature & Education	—[C]
1977	Kumar Gandharva	Arts	Madhya Pradesh
1977	Phulrenu Guha	Social Work	West Bengal
1977	Jagmohan	Civil Service	Delhi
1977	Kailas Nath Kaul	Literature & Education	Uttar Pradesh
1977	Yousuf Hussain Khan	Literature & Education	Delhi
1977	Chackachanveedu Krishnan Nair	Social Work	Delhi
1977	K. S. Narayanaswamy	Arts	Maharashtra
1977	Paramsukh J. Pandya	Arts	Maharashtra
1977	Balasubramaniam Ramamurthi	Medicine	Tamil Nadu
1977	Perugu Siva Reddy	Medicine	Andhra Pradesh
1977	Annapurna Ravi Shankar	Arts	Uttar Pradesh
1977	Yudhvir Singh	Social Work	Delhi
1977	Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas	Science & Engineering	Karnataka
1977	T. P. Meenakshisundaram	Literature & Education	Tamil Nadu

Explanatory notes

1. The order of precedence is: Bharat Ratna, Param Vir Chakra, Ashoka Chakra, Padma Vibhushan and Padma Bhushan.^[5]

Non-citizen recipients

1. Indicates a citizen of Italy
2. Indicates a citizen of the United Kingdom
3. Indicates a citizen of the United States
4. Indicates a citizen of Belgium

Posthumous recipients

1. Pothan Joseph died on 2 November 1972, at the age of 80.
2. Begum Akhtar died on 30 October 1974, at the age of 60.^[21]

References

1. "PV Sindhu recommended for Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, by sports ministry". Firstpost. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
2. Lal, Shavax A. (1954). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (published 2 January 1954): 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2018. The President is pleased to institute an award to be designated 'Padma Vibhushan' in three classes, namely: 'Pahela Varg', 'Dusra Varg' and 'Tisra Varg'
3. "Padma Awards Scheme" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
4. Ayyar, N. M. (1955). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (published 15 January 1955): 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2018. All persons upon whom the decoration of 'Padma Vibhushan' ('Dusra Varg') was conferred under the Regulations issued with Notification No. 2-Pres./54, dated the 2nd January, 1954, shall, for all purposes of these regulations, be deemed to be persons on whom the decoration of Padma Bhushan has been conferred by the President.
5. "Wearing of Medals: Precedence Of Medals". Indian Army. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
6. Mukul, Akshaya (20 January 2008). "The great Bharat Ratna race". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
7. Bhattacherje, S. B. (2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. A248, A253. ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014.
8. "Those who said no to top awards". The Times of India. 20 January 2008. Archived from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
9. S., Muthiah (2011). Madras Miscellany. Westland. p. 121. ISBN 978-93-80032-84-9.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

   • "NEA National Heritage Fellowships: Kamala Lakshmi Narayanan". National Endowment for the Arts. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
10. Bassett, Ross (2016). The Technological Indian. Harvard University Press. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-674-50471-4.
11. Rajan, Anjana (26 July 2009). "Her legacy will live on". The Hindu. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
12. Ganesh, Deepa (22 July 2009). "The matriarch of the Kirana Gharana". The Hindu. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
13. Krishna, TM (2013). A Southern Music. HarperCollins Publishers India. p. 209. ISBN 978-93-5029-822-0.

    • Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Scarecrow Press. p. 311. ISBN 978-0-8108-6445-0. Archived from the original on 12 March 2018.
14. Mathai, Kamini (17 July 2009). "The end of the trinity". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 16 September 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
15. Datta, Amaresh (1987). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1.
16. "Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellow". New Delhi: Sangeet Natak Akademi. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017.

    • "Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellow: Mallikarjun Mansur". New Delhi: Sangeet Natak Akademi. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
17. "Yash Pal: Awarded the Marconi Prize in 1980". Marconi Society. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.

    • The Shaping of Indian Science: 1982–2003. Universities Press. 2003. p. 1724. ISBN 978-81-7371-434-4. Archived from the original on 12 March 2018.
18. "Former Chairmen: Prof. Udupi Ramachandra Rao (1984–1994)". Indian Space Research Organisation. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
19. Zhou, Lulu (6 December 2005). "Scientists Question Nobel". The Harvard Crimson. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.

    • "When the Nobels are handed out, some get left out". Seed (magazine). 9 December 2005. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
20. "Padma Awards Directory (1954–2014)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 21 May 2014. pp. 37–72. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
21. "Google doodle celebrates 103rd birth anniversary of renowned singer Begum Akhtar". India Today. 7 October 2017. Archived from the original on 26 March 2018. Retrieved 26 March 2018.

External links

• Official website
• "Awards and medals". Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 5 February 2016. Archived from the original on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2016.