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QWERTY, along with its direct derivatives such as QWERTZ and AZERTY, is the primary keyboard layout for the Latin alphabet. However, there are also keyboard layouts that do not resemble QWERTY very closely, if at all. Some of these are used for languages[which?] where QWERTY may be unsuitable.[why?][citation needed] Others are specially designed to reduce finger movement and are claimed by some proponents to offer higher typing speed along with ergonomic benefits.
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This is a chart of alternative keyboard layouts for typing Latin-script characters. National and specialized versions of QWERTY which do not change the letter keys are not included.
| Layout | Design priorities | Base language, country[clarification needed] | Homing keys | Created year | # changes from QWERTY | Backspace location | Extra arrow keys? | Programmer features? | Math and symbols? | Modifiers (#core, #aux) | Dead keys? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QWERTY | Various[1] | English, United States | F J | 1870 (approx.)[citation needed] | 0 | top right | No | No | mostly no | Varies | Varies |
| Dvorak | Ergonomics (hand alternation) | English, United States | U H | 1936 | 28 | top right | No | Varies | No | 1 main, 1 aux | Varies |
| Colemak | Ergonomics (total movement, combos); QWERTY learning[2][3][4] | English, United States | T N | 2006 | 17 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | No | No | 1 main, 1 aux | 14 aux; acute accent non-dead |
| Workman | Ergonomics (lateral extension, finger-specific); QWERTY learning[5] | English, United States | T N | 2010 | 22 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | Varies | No | 1 main, 1 aux | 14 aux; acute accent non-dead |
| Neo | Ergonomics (home row, alternation)[6] | German, Germany | E N | 2010 | 28 | top right, and shifted alternate | Yes | Yes (home-area shifted punctuation) | Yes (<100) | 3 main | 3 main; 8 shifted; 6 aux |
| BÉPO | Ergonomics (combos, home row)[7] | French, France | E T | 2004–2006 | 29 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | Yes (unshifted punctuation) | Some (<50) | 1 main, 1 aux | 14 aux |
| Asset | QWERTY similarity; Ergonomics (combos, home row)[8] | English, United States | T N | 2006 | 15 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | No | No | 1 main | No |
| Minimak | QWERTY learning; Ergonomics (total movement, repetition)[9] | English, United States | T N | 2012 | 8 default (versions with 4 or 12 available) | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | No | No | 1 main, 1 aux | ? |
| QWPR | QWERTY learning; Ergonomics (total movement, repetition)[10] | English, United States | T N | 2013 | 11 | left (QWERTY tab), top right | Yes | Yes (home-area shifted punctuation) | Yes (>>100) | 2 main | 1 main, 2 shifted, 14 aux, 6 doubled |
| JCUKEN (Latin) | Phonetic similarity to ЙЦУКЕН | International, Soviet Union | A O | 1919 | 30 | top right | No | No | No | ? | ? |
| HCESAR | Ergonomics for Portuguese (letter frequency and hand muscles) | Portuguese, Portugal | D U | 1937 | 29 | top right | No | No | No | ? | 2 main, 3 shifted |
| Turkish (F-keyboard) | Ergonomics for Turkish (letter frequency and hand muscles) | Turkish, Turkey | A K | 1955 | 27 | top right | No | No | No | ? | ? |
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