Leonhard Schultze languages

The Leonhard Schultze (Leonard Schultze) or Walio–Papi languages are a proposed family of about 6 Papuan languages spoken in the Sepik river basin of northern Papua New Guinea. They are spoken along the border region of East Sepik Province and Sandaun Province, just to the south of the Iwam languages.

Leonhard Schultze
Walio–Papi
Geographic distribution	Leonard Schultze River, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classification	Sepik Leonhard Schultze
Subdivisions	Walio Papi–Asaba
Language codes
Glottolog	None

The languages are named after the Leonhard Schultze River, which is in turn named after German anthropologist Leonhard Schultze-Jena.

Languages

The Leonard Schultze languages are:

• Leonard Schultze languages
  • Walio languages
    • Walio
    • Pei
    • Yawiyo
    • Tuwari
  • Papi–Asaba languages
    • Papi
    • Suarmin

Classification

The Leonhard Schultze languages were traditionally classified by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975) as part of the Sepik language family.^[1]

Foley (2018) classifies the Leonhard Schultze languages separately as an independent language family rather than as part of the Sepik languages (as in previous classifications proposed by others).^[2] However, this classification is not accepted by Glottolog, which splits up the Walio and Papi branches and considers them each to be a primary language family.

Vocabulary comparison

The following basic vocabulary words are from Conrad and Dye (1975),^[3] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.^[4]

The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. tiᵽo, tipafu for “head”) or not (e.g. aᵽayo, toefahewa for “skin”).

gloss	Walio	Yawiyo (Wosawari dialect)	Papi
head	tiᵽo	tipafu	auwiyu
hair	tiřeʔ	yei	ařupisi
ear	aᵽoᵽo	afe	mʌgʌnaba
eye	nogub̶ʌnɛ	nimau	sunweyo
nose	tʌᵽsɛᵽoʔ	tɩmʌsi	tʌnipɔku
tooth	nʌᵽaᵽala	nʌfe	sʋmunu
tongue	nʌgʌya	tanotai	sakeyo
louse	natʌᵽi	dibafuyei	ařupɩsɩ
dog	kauwaᵽo	ifau; ivau	agabu
pig	taǏib̶o	ami ami	tʌmaub̶o
bird		auma	ɔb̶ɔ; ɔːsani
egg	naᵽu	aumufu	usouyo
blood	liʔ	teyuowa	taneke
bone	ipalib̶o	ihuwa	naikʌmio
skin	aᵽayo	toefahewa	pʌsiyæ
breast	matʌᵽulo	mama	abiyaiɔ
tree	biᵽoʔ	yanu	naːb̶ʌkʌ
man	ɛlɛgobuwo	to; to iːwa	sanoᵽo
woman	tɔkotʌb̶isia	sauto	suːbu
water	ǥwei	utlauwe	ařukowa
fire	linati	tanuwa; tiyami	řiku
stone	ᵽuboʔ	tab̶iya	tab̶iyaio
road, path	ʔɛᵽobu	efʌmowa	pʌbřiyaio
eat	kanab̶o	afaʔunařu	opo akepo
one	aǏia gʌǏaǏilau	ařʌsʌbau	sunuboku
two	ǥuřaǥaʔ	ařʌfři	suwʌbiyaio

References

1. Laycock, D. C. and Z'graggen, John A. 1975. The Sepik-Ramu Phylum. In Wurm, S.A. (ed.), Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study 1, 729-763. Australian National University.
2. Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
3. Conrad, R. and Dye, W. "Some Language Relationships in the Upper Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea". In Conrad, R., Dye, W., Thomson, N. and Bruce Jr., L. editors, Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 18. A-40:1-36. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. doi:10.15144/PL-A40.1
4. Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.