Lawangan language

Lawangan is an Austronesian language of the East Barito group. It is spoken by about 100,000 Lawangan people (one of the Dayak peoples) living in the central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Lawangan has a high degree of dialectal diversity.

Lawangan
Native to	Indonesia
Region	Kalimantan
Ethnicity	Lawangan people
Native speakers	(120,000 cited 1981)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian East Barito North Lawangan
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either: lbx – Lawangan twy – Tawoyan
Glottolog	nort2888

Dialects

Lawangan no. 28

Lawangan is divided into at least several dialects, including:

• Ajuh
• Bakoi (Lampüng)
• Bantian (Bentian), spoken at Bentian Besar, West Kutai Regency
• Banuwang
• Bawu (Bawo)
• Benuaq
• Kali
• Karau (Beloh)
• Lawa
• Lolang
• Mantararen
• Njumit
• Paser / Pasir. This dialect is spoken at Paser Regency and its surroundings. This dialect is also often known as "Paser language".^[2][3]
• Purai
• Purung
• Tuwang

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p	t		k	ʔ
	voiced	b	d	dʒ	ɡ
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Fricative			s
Trill			r
Lateral			l
Approximant		w		j

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	ɛ	ə	ɔ
Open		a

^[4]

References

1. Lawangan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
   Tawoyan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
2. Ismail, Abdurachman (1979). Bahasa Pasir (in Indonesian). Vol. 23. Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
3. Darmansyah, Darmansyah (1979). "Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa". Bahasa Pasir (in Indonesian). Vol. 23. Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
4. Suryadikara et al. (1985)

Further reading

• Fudiat Suryadikara; Darmansyab; M. P. lambut (1985). Struktur Bahasa Lawangan [Lawangan Language Structure] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa – via Repositoris Institusi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
• Andriastuti; Yohanes Kalaniper; C. Yus Ngabut; Dadang Lorida (1992). Morfologi dan Sintaksis Bahasa Lawangan [Lawangan Language Morphology and Syntax] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. ISBN 979-459-186-6 – via Repositoris Institusi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.