Larimichthys

Larimichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes, commonly known as yellow croakers, are found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

Larimichthys
Larimichthys polyactis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Acanthuriformes
Family:	Sciaenidae
Genus:	Larimichthys D. S. Jordan & Starks, 1905
Type species
Larimichthys rathbunae Jordan & Starks, 1905
Synonyms[1]
Othonias Jordan & W. F. Thompson, 1911

Taxonomy

Larimichthys was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1905 by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and Edwin Chapin Starks when they described Larimichthys rathbunae^[1] from Korea.^[2] This genus has been placed in the subfamily Otolithinae by some workers,^[3] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes.^[4]

Etymology

Larimichthys is a combination of Larimus, as this genus was considered to be closely related close to that genus but being different in the possession of cycloid scales, non-uniform teeth, weak spines in the anal fin and a more cavernous head, with ichthys, meaning "fish".^[5]

Species

Larimichthys has 4 valid species classified within it:^[6]

• Larimichthys crocea (J. Richardson, 1846) (large yellow croaker)
• Larimichthys pamoides (Munro, 1964) (southern yellow croaker)
• Larimichthys polyactis (Bleeker, 1877) (yellow croaker)
• Larimichthys terengganui Seah, Hanafi, Mazlan & Chao, 2015^[7]

Characteristics

Larimichthys croakers are distinguished from other genera of Sciaenids by the carrot-shaped swimbladder having horn-like or tube-like appendages which begin on either the headward or tailward part of the swim bladder. The first appendage, originating closest to the head, enters the head and branches between the sull and the upper gill arch. The swimbladder appendages have limbs on their upper and lower sides. The otolith has a slightly oblique head of its sulcus which also has a shallow tail. They do not have a barbel on the chin and the scales on the head and front part of the body are cycloid. They have between 33 and 36 soft rays on the dorsal fin.^[8] The largest species on the genus is L. crocea whichhas a maximum published total length of 80 cm (31 in) while the smallest is L. pamoides which has a maximum published total length of 13.5 cm (5.3 in).^[6]

Fisheries

The genus includes major fishery species in the Northwest Pacific, principally by China: with a catch of 438 thousand tonnes in 2012, small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis is 24th among the 70 "principal" capture species, and also the annual catches of large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea are significant at 70 thousand tonnes.^[9]

References

1. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Sciaenidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
2. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Larimichthys". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
3. Kunio Sasaki (1989). "Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)" (PDF). Memoirs of the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University. 36 (1–2): 1–137.
4. J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
5. Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
6. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Larimichthys". FishBase. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
7. Seah, Y.G.; Hanafi, N.; Mazlan, A.G.; Chao, N.L. (2015). "A new species of Larimichthys from Terengganu, east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (Perciformes: Sciaenidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3956 (2): 271–280. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3956.2.7. PMID 26248918.
8. K. Sasaki (2001). "Sciaenidae". In Carpenter, K.E. & Neim, Volker H. (eds.). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific Volume 5: Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae) (PDF). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO Rome. p. 3117.
9. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (2014). FAO yearbook. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. 2012. Rome: FAO. pp. 27, 157.