Langonnet

Langonnet (Breton: Langoned) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France.^[3]

Langonnet Langoned
Commune
The Church of Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul, in Langonnet
Coat of arms
Location of Langonnet
Langonnet Show map of France Langonnet Show map of Brittany
Coordinates: 48°06′23″N 3°29′32″W
Country	France
Region	Brittany
Department	Morbihan
Arrondissement	Pontivy
Canton	Gourin
Intercommunality	Roi Morvan Communauté
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Françoise Guillerm[1]
Area 1	85.40 km2 (32.97 sq mi)
Population  (2021)[2]	1,771
• Density	21/km2 (54/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	56100 /56630
Elevation	104–292 m (341–958 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

Langonnet is in north-west of Cornouaille, in Lower Brittany. It is one of the few Cornouaille parishes to be located in the present-day Morbihan department. Thus, the main language was Breton until the advent of intensive farming after the Second World War, at which point the population, previously bilingual, switched to French.

The parish comprises two main settlements:

• the actual town of Langonnet in the south
• the town of La Trinité-Langonnet in north-east

In the south-east is the former Langonnet Abbey (Abbaye Notre-Dame de Langonnet).

Topography

The highest point of the parish is the calotte Saint Joseph, a round hill whose top is 292 meters above sea level. It offers a good view of the surrounding area, most of the parish being at 190-meter level.

Neighboring communes

Langonnet is bordered by Plouray and Priziac to the east, Le Faouët to the south, Le Saint and Gourin to the west and Tréogan, Plévin, Paule and Glomel to the north.

Map

Topographic map

Toponymy

The commune's name is written "Langoned" in modern Breton but has been spelled in various ways through the years due to various attempts to transcribe the Breton phonetic system into the Latin alphabet:

• 11th century : (Lan)Chunuett
• 1152 : Langenoit
• 1161 : Langonio
• 1168 : Lanngonio
• 1301 : Lenguenet
• 1368 : Langonec
• 1368 : Langonio
• 1373 : Languenec
• 1516 : Langonet
• 1516 : Langonio
• 1536 : Langonnet
• 1574 : Langonec
• 1630 : Langouet
• Today: Langoned

The name is said to come from "Lann-Conet", the monastery ("lan" in Breton; compare Welsh "llan", as in Llanelli) of Conet^[4] (or Conoit, Konoed, Kon(n)ed, Konoid = Cynwyd, Kynwyd or Kynyd in Welsh), a Welsh saint who was active in Brittany.

Demographics

Inhabitants of Langonnet are called Langonnetais in French and Langonediz in Breton. Langonnet's population peaked at 4,848 in 1931 and declined to 1,708 in 2020. This represents a 65% decrease from the peak census figure.

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 3,306 —     1800 3,020 −1.28% 1806 2,924 −0.54% 1831 2,715 −0.30% 1836 3,432 +4.80% 1841 3,442 +0.06% 1846 3,714 +1.53% 1851 3,442 −1.51% 1856 3,427 −0.09% 1861 3,629 +1.15% 1866 4,024 +2.09% 1872 3,417 −2.69%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1876 3,929 +3.55% 1881 3,673 −1.34% 1886 3,710 +0.20% 1891 3,666 −0.24% 1896 3,681 +0.08% 1901 3,982 +1.58% 1906 4,123 +0.70% 1911 4,450 +1.54% 1921 4,494 +0.10% 1926 4,437 −0.25% 1931 4,848 +1.79% 1936 4,358 −2.11%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1946 4,407 +0.11% 1954 3,420 −3.12% 1962 3,083 −1.29% 1968 2,791 −1.64% 1975 2,373 −2.29% 1982 2,106 −1.69% 1990 2,005 −0.61% 1999 1,918 −0.49% 2009 1,927 +0.05% 2014 1,891 −0.38% 2020 1,708 −1.68%
Source: EHESS[5] and INSEE (1968-2020)[6]

Breton language

The municipality launched a linguistic plan through Ya d'ar brezhoneg on 27 January 2005.

Gallery

Landscapes

• 
  The Calotte Saint Joseph, highest peak of the village
• 
  Panoramic view from the top of the Calotte Saint-Joseph
• 
  Panoramic view from the top of the Minez Collobert

See also

• Communes of the Morbihan department

References

1. "Maires du Morbihan" (PDF). Préfecture du Morbihan. 7 July 2020.
2. "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
3. INSEE commune file
4. Orme, Nicholas (2000). OUP Oxford (ed.). The Saints of Cornwall. Oxford. p. 93. ISBN 0-19-820765-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
5. Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Langonnet, EHESS (in French).
6. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE

External links

• Official site (in French)
• Base Mérimée: Search for heritage in the commune, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
• Mayors of Morbihan Association (in French)