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District in Lima, Peru From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
La Molina is one of the forty-three districts that make up the province of Lima, located in the department of the same name, in Peru. Officially established as a district on February 6, 1962. The current mayor of La Molina is Esteban Diego Uceda Guerra-García.
La Molina | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of La Molina in Lima Province | |
| Coordinates: 12°4′40″S 76°54′40″W | |
| Country |  Peru |
| Region | Lima |
| Province | Lima |
| Founded | February 6, 1962 |
| Capital | La Molina |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Esteban Uceda (2023-2026) |
| Area | |
• Total | 65.75 km2 (25.39 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 241 m (791 ft) |
| Population (2023)[1] | |
• Total | 168,839 |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
| Area code | 12 |
| Postal code | 15026 |
| UBIGEO | 150114 |
| Website | munimolina.gob.pe |
The district is located at the East of Lima. It has a total land area of 65.75 km2. And its administrative centre is located 241 metres above sea level. La Molina is located between 12° 00' 07" S, 76° 57' 00" and 76° 51' 00" W.
It limits to the north, with the Ate Vitarte district, through Bucaramanga Street, and the Puruchuco and Candela hills. Then, to the northeast, with the district of Pachacámac, through a line that crosses the summit of Cerro Candela and the El Rincón de La Planicie urbanization. Later, to the east, also with the Pachacámac district, through the Arenera La Molina and block 48 of La Molina Avenue, also called portachuelo de Manchay, as well as through the Tres Cumbres hill. Then, to the south, with the district of Villa María del Triunfo, through a pirca over the Colorado and Tolderías hills. Next, to the southwest, with the district of San Juan de Miraflores, through the San Francisco hill. Then, to the west, with the district of Santiago de Surco, through the Centinela, La Molina, Gallinacera hills, the Circunvalación del Golf Los Incas and Javier Prado Este avenues, the La Floresta jirón and the Stella Maris park. And finally, to the northwest, again with the district of Ate Vitarte, through the Evitamiento road, and the Separadora Industrial and Huarochirí avenues.
According to the 2017 census by the INEI, the district has 140,679 inhabitants and a population density of 2,100 persons/km². Annual median income varies greatly.
There are two possible origins, both referring to the owners of the estates located in the area in the Peruvian Republican era.
In the years before its creation, the estates located in the geographic area of the district (Granados, Melgarejo, La Rinconada, Camacho and La Molina) had been already sold (or expropriated by the Juan Velasco Alvarado administration) and divided, giving origin to smaller yet large properties. Soon, due to the quiet and beautiful surroundings, owning country houses in La Molina became a trend for high class people. This resulted in the populating of the first neighbourhoods via individuals with high incomes. Finally, on February 6, 1962, La Molina district was officially created, and the new district was segregated from the old Ate Vitarte district, by Act No. 13981 during the Manuel Prado Ugarteche government.
Some members of the community are active members in "Un techo para mi pais", which helps people in need build houses. This organization is similar to the international organization Habitat for Humanity.
La Molina is a residential district, largely of high socioeconomic level. Where residential areas stand out, such as: La Planicie, El Sol de La Molina, Club Campestre Las Lagunas, Rinconada del Lago, Rinconada Alta, La Molina Vieja, Camacho, etc. While, in the upper middle socioeconomic level and middle, there are areas such as Santa Felicia, Santa Patricia, Musa, Las Viñas, Portada del Sol, Las Praderas, La Chapel, etc. La Molina is identified as one of the districts where poverty does not exist.
La Molina has seven clearly identified sectors:
As an important fact, as in the districts of Santiago de Surco and San Borja, a large part of the homes in these human settlements are self-built homes in continuous expansion. It is estimated that La Molina has a total of twelve human settlements or popular areas, and that half of this population cannot be considered vulnerable; since, a large part of them, according to their income per household capital, belong to a medium and medium-low socioeconomic level. Perhaps an example of a vulnerable sector in the district is the San Juan Bautista human settlement, located on the Musa hill. Where houses made of plywood are found, and whose occupation was a product of invasion and/or land trafficking.
La Molina is a district with large lands, therefore, several exclusive Peruvian social clubs have a headquarters in this district, among them:
It is the district of Lima with the highest density of green areas, reaching up to 20 m² (square meters) for each inhabitant. In the south of La Molina, on the slopes of the San Pedro, Media Luna and San Francisco hills is the La Molina Ecological Park, which houses 208.6 hectares and was established on May 12, 2004. It has been planted with trees with certain species of trees and plants for which planting campaigns have been carried out from time to time. This will be the largest ecological park in Lima. It has more than 13,000 plants including trees and shrubs.
It also houses important private cemeteries such as: the La Planicie Cemetery and the Jardines de la Paz Cemetery Park.
La Molina district is divided into middle, middle-high and upper class suburbs.
La Molina is best known for the large and luxurious houses that give shape to expensive properties located in suburbs like La Planicie, Rinconada, Las Lagunas, Camacho, Residential Monterrico, La Molina Vieja, Alameda de la Molina Vieja, Los Sirius, Corregidor, El Remanso and Huertos de La Molina. Numerous Peruvian celebrities, leading business people and political figures live in these suburbs. Due to their relative safety, calm and low population density, these suburbs are highly valued real estate. Furthermore, some of the most exclusive Peruvian social clubs are located in the area: Rinconada Country Club, La Planicie Country Club and Hebraica Club.
Santa Felicia, Santa Raquel, Covima, Santa Patricia, La Ensenada, La Capilla, Las Acacias, Las Lomas, Los Ingenieros, Pablo Bonner, Pablo Cánepa, La Fontana and Farwest compose the middle and upper class area in the district. They compose the largest part of the district. Some suburbs (Santa Patricia, Santa Felicia, Santa Raquel and Covima) used to belong to the neighbouring district of Ate, but they were won over by La Molina. The process was led by the desire of the residents.
Musa is a curious case, because it is a middle class urbanization with a medium population density, but it has many sectors of the lower middle class. Because the construction of its houses was carried out by the relatives of the neighbors, since its foundation in the late 1960s. However, modern houses with up to three floors are now available, obviously after they have managed to improve the aesthetics of their properties over time. Currently, the houses and apartments are more expensive than before, and today, their neighbors are descendants of the founding workers of the urbanization and it has improved a lot. Throughout the years it has thus become a very safe place to live. In recent years, a new area was created in this urbanization and it is the human settlement "San Juan Bautista". This last area is an invasion product of the Manchay area, the Pachacámac district, and is located on the top of the hill of Musa. This part being the most vulnerable of the entire urbanization, because here the houses are made of plywood.
Highlights in the district are:
La Molina National Agrarian University, a study center that dates back to 1902, when it was known as the National School of Agriculture. Created with the support of Belgium and in 1960 it assumed the category of university.
There are other universities such as the Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (USIL), located in Santa Patricia, the University of Sciences and Arts of Latin America (UCAL) located in Sol de La Molina, the Women's University of the Sacred Heart (UNIFE) located in Camacho, the faculties of Engineering and Architecture, Law and Political Sciences and Medicine of the San Martín de Porres University located in Santa Patricia and Las Viñas respectively.
It is also home to several important private schools such as the former Colegio Sagrados Corazones Recoleta (Camacho), Newton College (Las Lagunas), La Molina Christian Schools (Sol de La Molina), Colegio Villa María-La Planicie (La Planicie), Colegio Italiano Antonio Raimondi (La Fontana), Lord Byron School (Sol de La Molina), Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (Camacho), Franklin Delano Roosevelt School (Camacho), Waldorf-Lima (Camacho), Abraham Lincoln North American Peruvian School (Camacho), Brüning School ( Santa Patricia), Villa Caritas and San Pedro School (Rinconada del Lago), Peruvian-German Queen of the World School (Rinconada del Lago), Altair School (La Molina Vieja), Jean Le Boulch (Santa Patricia), Queen of the Angels School (Rinconada Alta), I.E. No. 1278 - La Molina (founded in 1965 initially within the UNALM and later moved to Santa Patricia), Aurelio Miró Quesada Sosa School No. 1140 (Molicentro), founded in 1961 considered alma mater of La Molina for its graduated students and its large current school population; Félix Tello Rojas (Santa Patricia) and the San José Marello School No. 1220 (Musa).
Transportation in La Molina is complicated for several reasons. One of them is the existing traffic on the most important avenues. This is due to the enormous number of vehicles that residents of the most exclusive areas of the entire district have. This creates circulatory chaos in the mornings from 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. m. to 9:00 a.m. m. and in the evenings from 7:00 p.m. m. to 9:00 p.m. m. Another problem in the district is public transportation; Since, in the most difficult to access sectors, such as La Planicie or La Laguna, public transportation is almost non-existent. Therefore, there is a huge number of taxis and buses in this area.
On the other hand, on routes that pass through La Molina avenue towards Musa, public transport is usually massive; Because many cousters, combis or buses head towards Cieneguilla or Manchay, Pachacámac district. On this route to Musa, the red corridor service 204 also operates, which passes through the last sections of La Molina Avenue. At the end of the Molicentro area, from the intersection of La Molina and Rinconada del Lago avenues, transportation is usually more fluid and calm; because it passes through residential areas. The fluid traffic ends until reaching the Municipal Depot or the La Molina Arena, border with the district of Pachacámac.
In more central areas such as Santa Patricia and Santa Felicia, which intersect with main avenues such as Javier Prado and Constructores, transportation is not usually so simple either. In the latter, the 209 corridor service operates; while, route 201 operates on Javier Prado Este Avenue. One of the reasons why transportation is complicated in the morning and at night is due to the immense number of passengers coming from the Ate district. Traffic on Javier Prado Avenue is usually frequent, as are the immense traffic congestion in Santa Patricia.
Added to all this is the few exits that the district has, one on Raúl Ferrero avenue down the Centinela Hill towards the Monterrico Sur area and another on Javier Prado Avenue. For several years, it has been ready for execution and is even within the Metropolitan Development Plan, the construction of the expansion of Los Cóndores avenue connection with Los Álamos - Angamos avenue. For this route there is the service of corridor 206, which passes through Alameda del Corregidor avenue.
Line 4 of the Lima Metro
With the future line 4 of the Lima Metro, Los Frutales, La Molina and Santa Patricia stations are planned. Which will be located on Javier Prado avenue. With line 4, the district will be connected to the Jorge Chávez International Airport.
Complementary corridors
As mentioned before, regarding the urban bus service provided by the complementary corridors, lines 201, 204, 206 and 209 of the red corridor circulate through the district. Lines 201 and 204 run along Javier Prado avenue in the district. Being the intersection with Huarochirí avenue, the last point of Javier Prado avenue belonging to the La Molina district. Upon arriving here, the 201 follows the same avenue in the Ate district. Meanwhile, the 204 runs along Melgarejo and La Molina avenues, heading to the districts of Pachacámac and Cieneguilla. On the other hand, lines 206 and 209, upon reaching the intersection of Javier Prado and La Molina avenues, take different routes. The 206 turns and runs along the entire Alameda del Corregidor avenue. Meanwhile, the 209 turns around and runs along Los Constructores avenue.
| Climate data for La Molina District (Von Humboldt), elevation 247 m (810 ft), (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.3 (82.9) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.9 (85.8) |
27.8 (82.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
19.7 (67.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.7 (69.3) |
22.6 (72.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.7 (78.3) |
24.4 (76.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 19.0 (66.2) |
20.1 (68.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.4 (56.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.2 (61.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.9 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
0.9 (0.04) |
0.6 (0.02) |
1.1 (0.04) |
1.6 (0.06) |
1.7 (0.07) |
2.3 (0.09) |
1.5 (0.06) |
0.6 (0.02) |
1.1 (0.04) |
0.4 (0.02) |
13.7 (0.54) |
| Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru[2] | |||||||||||||
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