CD2

CD2 (cluster of differentiation 2) is a cell adhesion molecule found on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It has also been called T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5, LFA-2,^[5] LFA-3 receptor, erythrocyte receptor and rosette receptor.^[6]

CD2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1CDB, 1GYA, 1HNF, 1L2Z, 1QA9, 2J6O, 2J7I
Identifiers
Aliases	CD2, LFA-2, SRBC, T11, CD2 molecule
External IDs	OMIM: 186990; MGI: 88320; HomoloGene: 1338; GeneCards: CD2; OMA:CD2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p13.1 Start 116,754,430 bp[1] End 116,769,229 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] Band 3 F2.2|3 44.17 cM Start 101,183,215 bp[2] End 101,195,255 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte thymus lymph node testicle appendix blood epithelium of nasopharynx superficial temporal artery spleen mucosa of ileum Top expressed in thymus mesenteric lymph nodes spleen blood right lung lobe subcutaneous adipose tissue embryo ankle joint embryo granulocyte More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein homodimerization activity protein binding signaling receptor binding signaling receptor activity antigen binding protein kinase binding receptor tyrosine kinase binding protein self-association Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane cell-cell junction anchored component of plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane extracellular region cell surface cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane external side of plasma membrane plasma membrane protein-containing complex membrane raft Biological process positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation heterotypic cell-cell adhesion natural killer cell activation membrane raft polarization cell surface receptor signaling pathway cell adhesion positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production T cell activation leukocyte migration regulation of T cell differentiation apoptotic process cell-cell adhesion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 914 12481 Ensembl ENSG00000116824 ENSMUSG00000027863 UniProt P06729 Q53F96 P08920 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001767 NM_001328609 NM_013486 RefSeq (protein) NP_001315538 NP_001758 NP_001758.2 NP_038514 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 116.75 – 116.77 Mb Chr 3: 101.18 – 101.2 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

It interacts with other adhesion molecules, such as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3/CD58) in humans, or CD48 in rodents, which are expressed on the surfaces of other cells.^[7]

In addition to its adhesive properties, CD2 also acts as a co-stimulatory molecule on T and NK cells.^[8]

Diagnostic relevance

CD2 is a specific marker for T cells and NK cells, and can therefore be used in immunohistochemistry to identify the presence of such cells in tissue sections. The great majority of T cell lymphomas and leukaemias also express CD2, making it possible to use the presence of the antigen to distinguish these conditions from B cell neoplasms.^[9]

Classification

Due to its structural characteristics, CD2 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily; it possesses two immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular portion.^[8]

Interactions

CD2 has been shown to interact with CD2BP2,^[10] Lck^[11] and PSTPIP1.^[12]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000116824 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027863 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Sanchez-Madrid F, Krensky AM, Ware CF, Robbins E, Strominger JL, Burakoff SJ, Springer TA (1982). "Three distinct antigens associated with human T-lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis: LFA-1, LFA-2, and LFA-3". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 79 (23): 7489–93. Bibcode:1982PNAS...79.7489S. doi:10.1073/pnas.79.23.7489. PMC 347365. PMID 6984191.
6. Uniprot database entry for CD2 (accession number P06729)
7. Wilkins AL, Yang W, Yang JJ (2003). "Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: from molecular recognition to protein folding and design". Curr Protein Pept Sci. 4 (5): 367–73. doi:10.2174/1389203033487063. PMID 14529530.
8. Yang JJ, Ye Y, Carroll A, Yang W, Lee HW (2001). "Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: alternatively folded states and structure-function relation". Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2 (1): 1–17. doi:10.2174/1389203013381251. PMID 12369898.
9. Leong, Anthony S-Y, Cooper, Kumarason, Leong, F Joel W-M (2003). Manual of Diagnostic Cytology (2 ed.). Greenwich Medical Media, Ltd. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-84110-100-2.
10. Nishizawa K, Freund C, Li J, Wagner G, Reinherz EL (December 1998). "Identification of a proline-binding motif regulating CD2-triggered T lymphocyte activation". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (25): 14897–902. Bibcode:1998PNAS...9514897N. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.14897. PMC 24547. PMID 9843987.
11. Bell GM, Fargnoli J, Bolen JB, Kish L, Imboden JB (January 1996). "The SH3 domain of p56lck binds to proline-rich sequences in the cytoplasmic domain of CD2". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 183 (1): 169–78. doi:10.1084/jem.183.1.169. PMC 2192399. PMID 8551220.
12. Li J, Nishizawa K, An W, Hussey RE, Lialios FE, Salgia R, Sunder-Plassmann R, Reinherz EL (December 1998). "A cdc15-like adaptor protein (CD2BP1) interacts with the CD2 cytoplasmic domain and regulates CD2-triggered adhesion". EMBO J. 17 (24): 7320–36. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.24.7320. PMC 1171078. PMID 9857189.

Further reading

• Sayre PH, Reinherz EL (1989). "Structure and function of the erythrocyte receptor CD2 on human T lymphocytes: a review". Scand. J. Rheumatol. Suppl. 76: 131–44. doi:10.3109/03009748809102963. PMID 2471997.
• Rouleau M, Mollereau B, Bernard A, Metivier D, Rosenthal-Allieri MA, Charpentier B, Senik A (1997). "CD2 induced apoptosis of peripheral T cells". Transplant. Proc. 29 (5): 2377–8. doi:10.1016/S0041-1345(97)00410-7. PMID 9270771.
• Lüscher B (2001). "Function and regulation of the transcription factors of the Myc/Max/Mad network". Gene. 277 (1–2): 1–14. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00697-7. PMID 11602341.
• Yang JJ, Ye Y, Carroll A, Yang W, Lee HW (2002). "Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: alternatively folded states and structure-function relation". Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 2 (1): 1–17. doi:10.2174/1389203013381251. PMID 12369898.
• Bell GM, Seaman WE, Niemi EC, Imboden JB (1992). "The OX-44 molecule couples to signaling pathways and is associated with CD2 on rat T lymphocytes and a natural killer cell line". J. Exp. Med. 175 (2): 527–36. doi:10.1084/jem.175.2.527. PMC 2119111. PMID 1346273.
• Marie-Cardine A, Maridonneau-Parini I, Ferrer M, Danielian S, Rothhut B, Fagard R, Dautry-Varsat A, Fischer S (1992). "The lymphocyte-specific tyrosine protein kinase p56lck is endocytosed in Jurkat cells stimulated via CD2". J. Immunol. 148 (12): 3879–84. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.148.12.3879. PMID 1351089.
• Hahn WC, Menu E, Bothwell AL, Sims PJ, Bierer BE (1992). "Overlapping but nonidentical binding sites on CD2 for CD58 and a second ligand CD59". Science. 256 (5065): 1805–7. Bibcode:1992Sci...256.1805H. doi:10.1126/science.1377404. PMID 1377404.
• Luzzati AL, Giacomini E, Giordani L, Pugliese O, Viora M, Chersi A (1992). "The antigen-specific induction of normal human lymphocytes in vitro is down-regulated by a conserved HIV p24 epitope". Immunol. Lett. 33 (3): 307–14. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(92)90078-3. PMID 1385321.
• Ruegg CL, Strand M (1991). "A synthetic peptide with sequence identity to the transmembrane protein GP41 of HIV-1 inhibits distinct lymphocyte activation pathways dependent on protein kinase C and intracellular calcium influx". Cell. Immunol. 137 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1016/0008-8749(91)90051-C. PMID 1832084.
• Schraven B, Samstag Y, Altevogt P, Meuer SC (1990). "Association of CD2 and CD45 on human T lymphocytes". Nature. 345 (6270): 71–4. Bibcode:1990Natur.345...71S. doi:10.1038/345071a0. PMID 1970422. S2CID 23605689.
• Samelson LE, Fletcher MC, Ledbetter JA, June CH (1990). "Activation of tyrosine phosphorylation in human T cells via the CD2 pathway. Regulation by the CD45 tyrosine phosphatase". J. Immunol. 145 (8): 2448–54. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.145.8.2448. PMID 1976695.
• Luzzati AL, Pugliese O, Giacomini E, Giordani L, Quintieri F, Hraba T, Mach O, Krchnák V, Vágner J (1990). "Immunoregulatory effect of a synthetic peptide corresponding to a region of protein p24 of HIV". Folia Biol. (Praha). 36 (1): 71–7. PMID 2111780.
• Seed B, Aruffo A (1987). "Molecular cloning of the CD2 antigen, the T-cell erythrocyte receptor, by a rapid immunoselection procedure". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (10): 3365–9. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.3365S. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.10.3365. PMC 304871. PMID 2437578.
• Peterson A, Seed B (1987). "Monoclonal antibody and ligand binding sites of the T cell erythrocyte receptor (CD2)". Nature. 329 (6142): 842–6. Bibcode:1987Natur.329..842P. doi:10.1038/329842a0. PMID 2444890. S2CID 4315968.
• Sayre PH, Chang HC, Hussey RE, Brown NR, Richardson NE, Spagnoli G, Clayton LK, Reinherz EL (1987). "Molecular cloning and expression of T11 cDNAs reveal a receptor-like structure on human T lymphocytes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (9): 2941–5. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.2941S. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.9.2941. PMC 304776. PMID 2883656.
• Diamond DJ, Clayton LK, Sayre PH, Reinherz EL (1988). "Exon-intron organization and sequence comparison of human and murine T11 (CD2) genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (5): 1615–9. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.1615D. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.5.1615. PMC 279824. PMID 2894031.
• Lang G, Wotton D, Owen MJ, Sewell WA, Brown MH, Mason DY, Crumpton MJ, Kioussis D (1988). "The structure of the human CD2 gene and its expression in transgenic mice". EMBO J. 7 (6): 1675–82. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02995.x. PMC 457152. PMID 2901953.
• Leca G, Boumsell L, Fabbi M, Reinherz EL, Kanellopoulos JM (1986). "The sheep erythrocyte receptor and both alpha and beta chains of the human T-lymphocyte antigen receptor bind the mitogenic lectin (phytohaemagglutinin) from Phaseolus vulgaris". Scand. J. Immunol. 23 (5): 535–44. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb01985.x. PMID 3085210. S2CID 84246845.
• Sewell WA, Brown MH, Dunne J, Owen MJ, Crumpton MJ (1986). "Molecular cloning of the human T-lymphocyte surface CD2 (T11) antigen". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (22): 8718–22. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.8718S. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.22.8718. PMC 387002. PMID 3490670.

External links

• CD2+Antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Mouse CD Antigen Chart
• Human CD Antigen Chart
• Human CD2 genome location and CD2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.