Karanisia

Karanisia is an extinct genus of strepsirrhine primate from middle Eocene deposits in Egypt.

Karanisia Temporal range: Late Middle Eocene Priabonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Suborder:	Strepsirrhini
Infraorder:	incertae sedis
Genus:	†Karanisia Seiffert et al, 2003
Type species
†Karanisia clarki Seiffert et al., 2003
Species
†Karanisia arenula Jaeger et al., 2010 †Karanisia clarki Seiffert et al., 2003

Classification

Two species are known, K. clarki^[1][2] and K. arenula.^[3] Originally considered a crown lorisid, more comprehensive phylogenetic analyses suggest it is a more basal to crown lorisiformes.^[4][5]

K. clarki was described in 2003 from isolated teeth and jaw fragments found in Late Middle Eocene (c. 40 million years ago) sediments of the Birket Qarun Formation in the Egyptian Faiyum.^[6][7] The specimens indicate the presence of a toothcomb, making it the earliest fossil primate to indisputably bear this trait, which is unique to all living strepsirrhines (lemurs, lorises, and galagos).^[7]

In 2010 a second species, K. arenula, was described in the journal Nature from Late Middle Eocene rocks in Libya.^[3]

References

1. "Karanisia". The Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 2009-07-08.
2. "Karanisia clarki". ZipCodeZoo.com. Archived from the original on 2012-06-09. Retrieved 2009-07-08.
3. Jaeger, J. J.; Beard, K. C.; Chaimanee, Y.; Salem, M.; Benammi, M.; Hlal, O.; Coster, P.; Bilal, A. A.; Duringer, P.; Schuster, M.; Valentin, X.; Marandat, B.; Marivaux, L.; Métais, E.; Hammuda, O.; Brunet, M. (2010). "Late middle Eocene epoch of Libya yields earliest known radiation of African anthropoids" (PDF). Nature. 467 (7319): 1095–1098. Bibcode:2010Natur.467.1095J. doi:10.1038/nature09425. PMID 20981098. S2CID 4431606. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-03-08.
4. Seiffert, E. R. (2012). "Early primate evolution in Afro-Arabia". Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews. 21 (6): 239–253. doi:10.1002/evan.21335. PMID 23280921. S2CID 38884357.
5. Gregg F. Gunnell; Doug M. Boyer; Anthony R. Friscia; Steven Heritage; Fredrick Kyalo Manthi; Ellen R. Miller; Hesham M. Sallam; Nancy B. Simmons; Nancy J. Stevens; Erik R. Seiffert (2018). "Fossil lemurs from Egypt and Kenya suggest an African origin for Madagascar's aye-aye". Nature Communications. 9: Article number 3193. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05648-w.
6. Seiffert, E.R.; Simons, E.L.; Attia, Y. (2003). "Fossil evidence for an ancient divergence of lorises and galagos". Nature. 422 (6930): 421–424. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..421S. doi:10.1038/nature01489. PMID 12660781. S2CID 4408626.
7. Gould, Lisa; Sauther, Michelle L., eds. (2006). Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation (Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects) (1 ed.). Springer. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-0-387-34585-7.