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John Hamilton Reynolds (9 September 1794[1] – 15 November 1852) was an English poet, satirist, critic, and playwright. He was a close friend and correspondent of poet John Keats, whose letters to Reynolds constitute a significant body of Keats' poetic thought.[2] Reynolds was also the brother-in-law of the writer and humorist Thomas Hood, who was married to his sister Jane.
John Hamilton Reynolds | |
|---|---|
| Born | 9 September 1794 Shrewsbury, Great Britain |
| Died | 15 November 1852 (aged 58) Newport, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom |
| Occupation | Poet, journalist, lawyer |
| Language | English |
| Nationality | British |
| Alma mater | Shrewsbury School, St Paul's School |
| Literary movement | Romanticism |
| Spouse | Eliza Drewe |
Reynolds was born in Shrewsbury to George Reynolds, teacher at Shrewsbury School and Charlotte Cox Reynolds. His mother was related to the Hamilton family, from which Reynolds received his middle name, which included the Gothic writer William Thomas Beckford. Reynolds attended Shrewsbury School, then enrolled at St Paul's School in London,[3] when the family moved in 1806, completing formal education in 1810.
He took a junior clerkship in an insurance office, the Amicable Society for Perpetual Assurance, working there at least until 1816; and from 1818 to 1820, he worked in Essex Street for Francis Fladgate, a solicitor.[4] Meanwhile, he pursued his self-education by reading widely in classical and English literature and also began writing poetry. He was encouraged in his literary interests by his friend John F M Dovaston, a former student of Reynolds's father.
Reynolds's first published poem, "Ode to Friendship" appeared in the Gentleman's Magazine in 1812. He was a prolific journalist and reviewer, and published collections of poems and a diverse array of articles. He received favourable notice from a number of critics and poets, including Byron, whose work Reynolds had closely imitated. Later he published The Eden of Imagination, imitating Wordsworth, who had also encouraged him. Early in his poetic career, John Clare claimed to be a huge admirer of Reynolds's work, and the two met and socialised with other contributors to the London Magazine. In addition to the latter, Reynolds also contributed to the Edinburgh Review during the 1820s and in 1831 he became part-owner of The Athenaeum.[5]
His friend Leigh Hunt supported his writing and introduced him to another young poet Hunt greatly admired, the then unknown John Keats. Together with Percy Bysshe Shelley, the two were featured by Hunt in his 1816 article on a “new school of poets”, called ‘’Young Poetry’’.[6] Keats and Reynolds became friends, encouraging and challenging each other in their quest for literary recognition. Keats was in 1819 to praise Reynolds’ Wordsworth parody, ‘’Peter Bell: A Lyrical Ballad’’;[7] and it is in witty parody that Reynolds is now considered to have been at his poetic best.[8]
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In 1822, he married Eliza Drewe, which led to a friendship and literary collaboration with her brother-in-law, Thomas Hood. Together the two wrote several comic and satirical pieces, the most popular being Odes and Addresses to Great People in 1825.
Tragedy struck in 1835 when his ten-year-old daughter Lucy died. He was bankrupt in 1838 but continued earning a small income writing. In 1847 he moved to the Isle of Wight as assistant clerk in a county court. Reynolds became depressed and started drinking heavily, although he was not without friends and admirers to the end. In 1852, Reynolds was found dead in the bedroom of his father's apartment in Newport, three months after his birthday.
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