Iodine sulfate

Iodine sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula I₂(SO₄)₃.^[1] It appears as light yellow crystals and reacts with water.

Iodine sulfate

Names
Other names Iodine(III) sulfate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
InChI InChI=1S/2H4I.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h2*1H4;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6 Key: PRMTVTMSZQVGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-H
SMILES [I3+].[I3+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-]
Properties
Chemical formula	I2(SO4)3
Appearance	Light yellow crystals
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Synthesis

Reaction of diiodosyl sulfate and sulfur trioxide:^[2][3][4]

(IO)₂SO₄ + 2 SO₃ → I₂(SO₄)₃

Iodine sulfate is also produced when elemental I₂ , I₂O₅ and SO₃ react.^[5]

Physical properties

Iodine sulfate forms light yellow hygroscopic crystals.^[2][3][6]

Chemical properties

Iodine sulfate is soluble in organic liquids^[3] and stable in anhydrous and strongly acidic solvents.^[6] In a humid environment, it darkens due to decomposition that releases molecular iodine.^[2]

References

1. Kasumov; Koz'min; Zefirov (1997). "Chemistry of inorganic sulfonates and sulfates of polyvalent iodine". Russian Chemical Reviews. 66 (10): 843–857. doi:10.1070/RC1997v066n10ABEH000282.
2. Fichter; Kappeler (1915). "Neue Beobachtungen an Jodisalzen". ZAAC. 91: 134–144. doi:10.1002/ZAAC.19150910109.
3. Argument, Cyril (1944). "The iodous sulphates". Durham theses. Durham University. pp. 22–23: According to the equation: (IO)₂SO₄ + 2SO₃ = I₂(SO₄)₃ ... the yellow crystals could be isolated. They showed properties typical of a neutral iodine salt, being specially sensitive to moisture. [Fichter et al.] showed that the compound was mainly neutral iodine sulphate I₂(SO₄)₃ ... the neutral salts have a much lighter yellow colour[,] a greater solubility in organic liquids and a greater sensitivity to water.
4. Selte, Kari; Kjekshus, Arne (1971). "Iodine Oxides. Part IV. Solid Compounds Formed in the Systems H₂O—SO₃—I₂O_n (n=3, 4, and 5)". Acta Chem. Scand. 25 (2): 751–752. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.25-0751.
5. Lehmann, Hans-Albert; Hesselbarth, Heinz (1959). "Zur Chemie des Schwefeltrioxyds. XI. Zur Kenntnis der SO₃-Verbindungen des J₂O₅ und J₂O₄". ZAAC. 299 (1-2): 51–57. doi:10.1002/zaac.19592990107.
6. Kraszkiewicz, Lukasz; Skulski, Lech (2008). "Facile Syntheses of Symmetrical Diaryliodonium Salts from Various Arenes, with Sodium Metaperiodate as the Coupling Reagent in Acidic Media". Synthesis. 15: 2373–2380. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1067169.

• Zefirov; Sorokin; Zhdankin; Koz'min (1986). "Sul'faty trekhvalentnogo ioda - novye reagenty dlya funktsionalizatsii olefinov v tsiklicheskie sul'faty" [Sulfates of trivalent iodine - new reagents for functionalization of defins to cyclic sulfates]. Zhurnal Organicheskoj Khimii (in Russian). 22 (2): 450-452. ISSN 0514-7492.
• Adriano; Maulide (2021). "Recent discoveries on the structure of iodine(III) reagents and their use in cross-nucleophile coupling". Chemical Science (12): 853–864. doi:10.1039/D0SC03266B. PMC 8178994.
• Robinson; Woodward (2003). "Direct formation of cyclic sulfates utilising hypervalent iodine species and sulfur trioxide adducts". Tetrahedron Letters. 44 (8): 1655–1657. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(03)00039-X. ISSN 0040-4039.