Interleukin-3 receptor

The interleukin-3 receptor (CD123) is a molecule found on cells which helps transmit the signal of interleukin-3, a soluble cytokine important in the immune system.

interleukin 3 receptor, alpha
Identifiers
Symbol	IL3RA
Alt. symbols	CD123
HGNC	6012
OMIM	308385
Other data
Locus	Chr. X p22.3

interleukin 3 receptor, Y-Chromosomal
Identifiers
Symbol	IL3RA
Alt. symbols	IL3RY, IL3RAY
NCBI gene	3563
HGNC	6012
OMIM	430000
Other data
Locus	Chr. Y p11.3

Quaternary structure of the CD123 protein

The gene coding for the receptor is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the X and Y chromosomes.

The receptor belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family and is a heterodimer with a unique alpha chain paired with the common beta (beta c or CD131) subunit.

The gene for the alpha subunit is 40 kilobases long and has 12 exons.

Cell types and function

The receptor, found on pluripotent progenitor cells, induces tyrosine phosphorylation within the cell and promotes proliferation and differentiation within the hematopoietic cell lines. It can be found on basophils and pDCs as well as some cDCs among peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

CD123 is expressed across acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes, including leukemic stem cells.^[1]

Possible drug target

Tagraxofusp, human IL-3 fused to diphtheria toxin, is an approved treatment for BPDCN. An experimental antibody-drug conjugate SGN-CD123A targets CD123 as a possible treatment for AML.^[1]