Integrin alpha L

Integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide), also known as ITGAL, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGAL gene.^[5] CD11a functions in the immune system. It is involved in cellular adhesion and costimulatory signaling. It is the target of the drug efalizumab.

ITGAL
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4IXD, 1CQP, 1DGQ, 1LFA, 1MJN, 1MQ8, 1MQ9, 1MQA, 1RD4, 1T0P, 1XDD, 1XDG, 1XUO, 1ZON, 1ZOO, 1ZOP, 2ICA, 2K8O, 2M3E, 2O7N, 3BN3, 3BQM, 3BQN, 3E2M, 3EOA, 3EOB, 3F74, 3F78, 3HI6, 3M6F, 3TCX, 5E6S, 5E6R, 5E6U
Identifiers
Aliases	ITGAL, CD11A, LFA-1, LFA1A, integrin subunit alpha L
External IDs	OMIM: 153370; MGI: 96606; HomoloGene: 1666; GeneCards: ITGAL; OMA:ITGAL - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 16 (human)[1] Band 16p11.2 Start 30,472,658 bp[1] End 30,523,567 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7 F3|7 69.44 cM Start 126,895,432 bp[2] End 126,934,310 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte monocyte blood spleen lymph node bone marrow cells appendix thymus upper lobe of left lung epithelium of colon Top expressed in granulocyte thymus mesenteric lymph nodes blood spleen subcutaneous adipose tissue submandibular gland bone marrow right lung lobe stroma of bone marrow More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein-containing complex binding metal ion binding protein binding protein heterodimerization activity ICAM-3 receptor activity cell adhesion molecule binding Cellular component integral component of membrane integrin alphaL-beta2 complex membrane cell surface integrin complex extracellular exosome plasma membrane specific granule membrane Biological process leukocyte cell-cell adhesion heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell extracellular matrix organization receptor clustering cell adhesion regulation of immune response integrin-mediated signaling pathway cell-matrix adhesion inflammatory response leukocyte migration signal transduction phagocytosis neutrophil degranulation cell-cell adhesion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3683 16408 Ensembl ENSG00000005844 ENSMUSG00000030830 UniProt P20701 P24063 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001114380 NM_002209 NM_001253872 NM_001253873 NM_001253874 NM_008400 RefSeq (protein) NP_001107852 NP_002200 NP_001240801 NP_001240802 NP_001240803 NP_032426 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 30.47 – 30.52 Mb Chr 7: 126.9 – 126.93 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

ITGAL gene encodes the integrin alpha L chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), which is expressed in all leukocytes. LFA-1 plays a central role in leukocyte intercellular adhesion through interactions with its ligands, ICAMs 1-3 (intercellular adhesion molecules 1 through 3), and also functions in lymphocyte costimulatory signaling.^[6]

CD11a is one of the two components, along with CD18, which form lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1.

Efalizumab acts as an immunosuppressant by binding to CD11a but was withdrawn in 2009 because it was associated with severe side effects.

Interactions

CD11a has been shown to interact with ICAM-1.^[7][8][9]

See also

• CD11c
• integrin
• leukocyte adhesion deficiency
• Cluster of differentiation