Loading AI tools
The following index is provided as an overview of and topical guide to science: Links to articles and redirects to sections of articles which provide information on each topic are listed with a short description of the topic. When there is more than one article with information on a topic, the most relevant is usually listed, and it may be cross-linked to further information from the linked page or section.
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2024) |
Science (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.[1][2]
The branches of science, also referred to as scientific fields, scientific disciplines, or just sciences, can be arbitrarily divided into three major groups:
- The natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, and Earth sciences), which study nature in the broadest sense;
- The social sciences (e.g. psychology, sociology, economics, history) which study people and societies; and
- The formal sciences (e.g. mathematics, logic, theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts.
Disciplines that use science, such as engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences.
![[icon]](#/media/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion with: Define scope of this index. You can help by adding to it. (November 2024) |
- Abiology – study of inanimate, inorganic, or lifeless things.[3]
- Acanthochronology – Study of cactus spines and the chronology of their growth
- Acanthology – study of spined things, in particular sea urchins, and the resultant impact on taxonomy[4]
- Acarology – Study of mites and ticks
- Aceology – The study of therapies – science of remedies, or of therapeutics; iamatology.
- Acology – Science of medical remedies, or of therapeutics.
- Acoustics – Branch of physics involving mechanical waves – the branch of physics studying the properties of sound.
- Actinobiology – Study of effects of radiation on living things – synonymous with radiobiology.
- Adenology – Branch of medicine dealing the endocrine system
- Aerobiology – Study of airborne organisms
- Aerodonetics – Science or study of gliding flight.[5]
- Aerodynamics – Branch of dynamics concerned with studying the motion of air
- Aerolithology – Science of meteorites – study of aerolites; meteorites.[6]
- Aeropalynology – study of pollens and spores in atmosphere.[7]
- Aerology – Synonym for atmospheric science
- Aeronautics – Science involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of airflight-capable machines
- Aerostatics – Study of gases that are not in motion
- Agnoiology – Study of ignorance
- Agonistics – Chemical which binds to and activates a biochemical receptor
- Agricultural chemistry – Agricultural sub-discipline of applied chemistry – study of influence in chemical processes in plants.
- Agriology – comparative study of primitive peoples.
- Agrobiology – Interdisciplinary studies of the interactions between plants and soil
- Agroecology – Study of ecological processes in agriculture
- Agrogeology – Study of origins and applications of minerals important to farming
- Agrology – Science of producing and using plants – study of agricultural soils.[citation needed]
- Agronomics – Branch of economics about distribution, management, and productivity of land.
- Agronomy – Science of producing and using plants
- Agrostology – Scientific study of the grasses
- Algebra – Branch of mathematics
- Algedonics – Branch of psychology that deals with pleasant and unpleasant states of consciousness
- Algology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of algae (botany)
- Algology – Medical treatment of pain as practiced in Greece and Turkey
- Allergology – Study of the causes and treatment of allergies - study of causes and treatment of allergies
- Anaesthesiology – Medical specialty concerned with anesthesia and perioperative care
- Anatomy – Study of the structure of organisms
- Andragogy – Methods and principles in adult education
- Andrology – Medical specialty – study of men's physiology.
- Anemology – Study of winds – study of wind.
- Angiology – Branch of internal medicine, which deals with vascular disease
- Anthropobiology – Biological study of the human species – study of human biology.
- Anthropology – Scientific study of humans, human behavior, and societies – study of human cultures.
- Anthrozoology – Subset of ethnobiology – study of human-animal interaction.
- Apiology – Scientific study of bees
- Aquatic ecology – The study of interactions between organisms and the environment in water
- Arachnology – Scientific study of spiders and related animals
- Archaeology – Study of human activity based on materials that people have left behind
- Archelogy – study of first principles.[8]
- Archival science – Science of storage, registration and preservation of historical data
- Archology – study of the nature of government – science of the origins of government.
- Areology – Scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars
- Aristology – the art or science of cooking and dining – science or art of dining.[relevant?]
- Aromachology – Study of the influence of odors on human behavior
- Arthrology – Scientific study of joints and articulations
- Arthropodology – Study of arthropods
- Astacology – Scientific study of crayfish
- Asteroseismology – Study of oscillations in stars
- Astheniology – study of diseases of weakening and aging.
- Astrobotany – Study of plants grown in spacecraft
- Astrobiology – Science concerned with life in the universe
- Astrodynamics – Field of classical mechanics concerned with the motion of spacecraft
- Astrogeology – Geology of astronomical objects apparently in orbit around stellar objects
- Astronautics – Theory and practice of navigation beyond the Earth's atmosphere
- Astronomy – Scientific study of celestial objects
- Astrophysics – Subfield of astronomy – study of behaviour of interstellar matter.
- Atmology – the science of aqueous vapor.[9]
- Audiology – Branch of science that studies hearing, balance, and related disorders
- Autecology – Study of interactions of individual organisms with the environment
- Autology – Word that expresses a property it also possesses – scientific study of oneself.[citation needed]
- Automata theory – Study of abstract machines and automata
- Auxology – Study of all aspects of human physical growth
- Bacteriology – Subdiscipline of microbiology that studies bacteria
- Ballistics – Science of the motion of projectiles
- Balneology – Method of treating diseases by bathing – science of the therapeutic use of baths.
- Barodynamics – science of the support and mechanics of heavy structures[10]
- Barology – study of gravitational force.[citation needed][11]
- Bathymetry – Study of underwater depth of lake or ocean floors
- Batology – Study of brambles
- Batrachology – Branch of herpetology that studies amphibians
- Behavioural genetics – Study of genetic-environment interactions influencing behaviour
- Behavioral neuroscience – Study of biological and neural mechanisma in behaviour
- Bibliology – Organized listing of books and the systematic description of them as objects
- Bibliotics – study of documents to determine authenticity.
- Bioecology – Study of interrelations of plants and animals with their environment
- Biogeochemistry – Study of chemical cycles of the earth that are either driven by or influence biological activity
- Biology – Science that studies life
- Biochemistry – Study of chemical processes in living organisms
- Biomechanics – Study of the mechanics of biological systems
- Biometrics – Metrics related to human characteristics
- Bionomics – Term with different meanings in ecology or economics – study of organisms interacting in their environments.
- Biophysics – Study of biological systems using methods from the physical sciences – study of physics of biological phenomena.
- Biopsychology – Study of biological and neural mechanisma in behaviour – application of the science of biology to the study of psychology.
- Biotribology – Study of friction, wear and lubrication in biological systems – study of friction, wear and lubrication of biological systems.
- Botany – Study of plant life
- Bromatology – Applied science devoted to the study of food – study of food.
- Bryology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of bryophytes – study of mosses and liverworts.
- Cacogenics – Decrease in genetic traits deemed desirable and study thereof
- Caliology – Place where a bird broods its eggs – study of bird's nests.
- Calorifics – study of heat.[citation needed]
- Cambistry – science of international exchange.[12]
- Campanology – Scientific and musical study of bells
- Carcinology – Study of crustaceans
- Cardiology – Branch of medicine dealing with the heart
- Caricology – Study of sedges
- Carpology – Study of seeds and fruit
- Cartography – Study and practice of making maps – science of making maps and globes.
- Castrametation – Roman term for a fortified military base – art of designing a camp.[citation needed]
- Catacoustics – science of echoes or reflected sounds.[citation needed]
- Catallactics – Theory about the free market system in economies – science of commercial exchange.
- Catechectics – art of teaching by question and answer.[citation needed][relevant?]
- Celestial mechanics – Branch of astronomy – study of motion of objects in outer space.
- Cell biology – Branch of biology that studies cells – study of the different structures and functions of both eukaryote and prokaryote cells.
- Cetology – The study of whales, dolphins, porpoises, and other cetaceans – study of whales and dolphins.
- Chaology – Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
- Chaos theory – Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
- Characterology – The study of character – study of development of character.
- Chemistry – Scientific field of study – study of properties and behaviours of substances.
- Chirography – Study of penmanship and handwriting in all of its aspects – study of handwriting or penmanship.
- Chiropody – Medicine branch focusing on the human lower extremities
- Chorology – either the study of the causal relations between geographical phenomena occurring within a particular region, or the study of the spatial distribution of organisms (biogeography) – science of the geographic description of anything.
- Chrematistics – Economics theory studying money – study of wealth; political economy.
- Chromatics – Technique to quantify and describe physically the human color perception – study of color.
- Chronobiology – Study of rhythms in biological processes of living organisms – study of biological rhythms.
- Chrysology – study of precious metals.[citation needed]
- Classical mechanics – Description of large objects' physics – study of motion of macroscopic objects.
- Climatology – Scientific study of climate, defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of time – study of climate.
- Clinology – study of aging or individual decline after maturity.[citation needed]
- Codicology – Study of codices or manuscript books
- Cognitive science – Interdisciplinary scientific study of cognitive processes
- Coleopterology – Branch of entomology studying beetles
- Cometology – study of comets.[citation needed]
- Computer science – Study of computation – study of processes that interact with data.
- Conchology – Study of mollusc shells
- Coniology – Study of atmospheric dust and its effects
- Connectomics – Study of mapping wiring diagrams
- Contact mechanics – Study of the deformation of solids that touch each other
- Coprology – Study of faeces
- Cosmetology – Study and application of beauty treatment – study of cosmetics.[relevant?]
- Cosmochemistry – Study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe
- Cosmology – Scientific study of the origin, evolution, and eventual fate of the universe
- Craniology – Pseudoscientific study of human characteristics according to shape of the skull – study of the skull.
- Criminology – Study of crime and criminal actions/behavior
- Cryobiology – Study of effects of extreme low temperatures on life
- Cryptography – Practice and study of secure communication techniques
- Cryptology – Practice and study of secure communication techniques – study of codes.
- Ctetology – study of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.[citation needed]
- Cybernetics – Transdisciplinary field concerned with regulatory and purposive systems
- Cyclonology – study of tropical cyclones, e.g. hurricanes.[citation needed]
- Cynology – Study of canines or domestic dogs
- Cytology – Study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry
- Dactyliology – study of finger rings.[13][relevant?]
- Dactylography – Scientific study of fingerprints
- Dactylology – Form of communication using one or both hands – study of sign language.[citation needed]
- Data science – Field of study to extract insights from data – study of analyzing, processing, interpreting and extracting data.
- Demography – Science that deals with populations and their structures, statistically and theoretically
- Demology – study of human populations and behaviour.[14]
- Dendrochronology – Method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings
- Dendrology – Science and study of woody plants
- Dermatoglyphics – Scientific study of finger- and toeprints
- Dermatology – Field of medicine dealing with the hair, nails, skin, and its diseases
- Desmology – Study of ligaments
- Dialectology – Scientific study of linguistic dialect
- Dietetics – Study of diet and nutrition in relation to health and disease
- Dioptrics – Science of light and lenses
- Diplomatics – Academic study of the protocols of documents – science of deciphering ancient writings and texts.[citation needed]
- Dosiology – study of dosage of drugs.[15]
- Dynamics – Branch of mechanics studying forces and their effect on motion
- Dysgenics – Decrease in genetic traits deemed desirable and study thereof.
- Eccrinology – Sweat gland distributed almost all over the human body – study of excretion.
- Ecology – Study of organisms and their environment
- Economics – Social science – study of material wealth (production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services).
- Edaphology – Science concerned with the influence of soils on living beings
- Egyptology – Scientific study of ancient Egypt – study of ancient Egypt.[relevant?]
- Eidology – study of mental imagery.[16]
- Ekistics – Science of human settlements
- Electrochemistry – Branch of chemistry – study of relations between electricity and chemicals.
- Electrodynamics – Fundamental interaction between charged particles – study of the effects arising from the interactions of electric currents with magnets, with other currents, or with themselves.
- Electrohydrodynamics – Study of electrically conducting fluids in the presence of electric fields – the study of dynamics of electrically charged fluids.
- Electrology – Method of hair removal – study of electricity.[citation needed][relevant?]
- Electrostatics – Study of stationary or slow-moving electric charges – study of static electricity.
- Electromagnetism – Fundamental interaction between charged particles – study of electromagnetic force.
- Embryology – Branch of biology studying prenatal biology
- Emetology – Involuntary, forceful expulsion of stomach contents, typically via the mouth – study of vomiting.[citation needed]
- Emmenology – study of menstruation.[citation needed]
- Endemiology – study of local diseases.[citation needed]
- Endocrinology – Branch of medicine dealing the endocrine system
- Energetics – study of energy under transformation – study of energy under transformation within various fields.
- Engineering studies – Academic field – study of engineering.
- Enigmatology – Problem or enigma that tests – study of enigmas (puzzles).[relevant?]
- Entomology – Scientific study of insects
- Entozoology – study of parasites that live inside larger organisms.[citation needed]
- Enzymology – Large biological molecule that acts as a catalyst – study of enzymes.
- Ephebiatrics – Medical subspecialty for adolescents – branch of medicine dealing with adolescence.
- Epidemiology – Study of health and disease within a population
- Epileptology – Physician specializing in epileptology – study of epilepsy.
- Eremology – study of deserts.[citation needed]
- Ergology – study of effects of work on humans.[citation needed]
- Ergonomics – Designing systems to suit their users – study of people at work.
- Escapology – Practice of escaping from restraints – study of freeing oneself from constraints.[relevant?]
- Ethnobiology – Study of how living things are used by human cultures – study of dynamic relationships between peoples.
- Ethnobotany – Study of traditional plant use – study of a region's plants and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a local culture and people.
- Ethnogeny – study of origins of races or ethnic groups.[citation needed]
- Ethnochoreology – Field of dance study – study of dances and its implication in culture.[relevant?]
- Ethnomusicology – Study of the cultural aspects of music – study of comparative musical systems.[relevant?]
- Ethnology – Branch of anthropology – study of cultures.
- Ethnomethodology – Study of how social order is produced – study of everyday communication and social interaction.
- Ethology – Scientific objective study of non-human animal behaviour – study of natural or biological character.
- Ethonomics – Personal value, basis for ethical action – study of economic and ethical principles of a society.
- Etiology – Study of causation, or origination
- Etymology – Study of the origin and evolution of words – study of origins of words.
- Euthenics – Study of improving living conditions to increase well-being – science concerned with improving living conditions.
- Exobiology – Science concerned with life in the universe – study of extraterrestrial life.
- Exoplanetology – study of exoplanets.
- Felinology – Study of cats – study of felines.
- Finance – Academic discipline studying businesses and investments – science or study of money management.[relevant?]
- Fluid dynamics – Aspects of fluid mechanics involving flow
- Fluid mechanics – Branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) – study of fluids behaviour at rest and in motion.
- Fluid statics – Branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest – study of fluids behaviour at rest.
- Fluviology – study of watercourses.[citation needed]
- Folkloristics – Branch of anthropology – study of folklore and fables.[relevant?]
- Forestry – Science and craft of managing woodlands – study of the creation, management, use, conservation, and repair of forests and associated resources.
- Fracture mechanics – Study of propagation of cracks in materials
- Futurology – Study of postulating possible, probable, and preferable futures
- Forensic science – Application of science to criminal and civil laws – the use of scientific methods or expertise to investigate crimes or examine evidence that might be presented in a court of law
- Garbology – Study of modern refuse
- Gastroenterology – Branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders
- Gemmology – Science dealing with natural and artificial gemstone materials – study of gems and jewels
- Gender Studies – Interdisciplinary field of study – study of gender[relevant?]
- Genealogy – Study of individual descent and bloodline – study of descent of families[relevant?]
- Genesiology – study of reproduction and heredity [citation needed]
- Genetics – Science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms
- Geochemistry – Science that applies chemistry to analyze geological systems – study of chemistry of the Earth's crust
- Geochronology – Science of determining the age of rocks, sediments and fossils – study of measuring geological time
- Geography – Study of lands and inhabitants of Earth – study of surface of the earth and its inhabitants
- Geology – Scientific study of Earth's physical composition – study of the rocks of a planet
- Geometry – Branch of mathematics – study the sizes, shapes, positions, angles and dimensions of things.
- Geomorphogeny – study of the characteristics, origins, and development of land forms[citation needed]
- Geomorphology – Scientific study of landforms – study of landforms and landform evolution
- Geoponics – Science of cultivating the earth – study of agriculture
- Geotechnics – Scientific study of earth materials in engineering problems – study of increasing habitability of the Earth
- Geratology – Study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging – study of decadence and decay
- Gerocomy – study of old age[citation needed]
- Gerontology – Study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
- Gigantology – study of giants[citation needed][relevant?]
- Glaciology – Scientific study of ice and natural phenomena involving ice
- Glossology – Scientific study of language – study of language; study of the tongue
- Gnomonics – science that studies sundials – the art of measuring time using sundials
- Gnotobiology – Organism with fully-known microorganisms – study of life in germ-free conditions
- Googology – Numbers significantly larger than those used regularly – study of large numbers
- Graminology – Scientific study of the grasses
- Grammatology – Study of graphemes and writing systems – study of systems of writing
- Graphemics – Study of graphemes and writing systems – study of systems of representing speech in writing
- Graphology – Pseudoscientific analysis of handwriting – study of handwriting [relevant?]
- Gromatics – Ancient Roman land surveyors – science of surveying
- Gynaecology – Medical area for women's reproductive health – study of women's physiology
- Gyrostatics – study of rotating bodies[citation needed]
- Haemataulics – study of movement of blood through blood vessels[citation needed]
- Halieutics – study of fishing[17]
- Harmonics – Science of musical sounds
- Helcology – study of ulcers[18]
- Heliology – Scientific study of the sun
- Helioseismology – Study of the structure and dynamics of the Sun through its oscillation
- Helminthology – Study of parasitic worms (helminths)
- Hematology – Study of blood and blood diseases
- Hemodynamics – Dynamics of blood flow – study of the dynamics behind blood circulation
- Hepatology – Medical specialty – study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas
- Heredity – Passing of traits to offspring from the species' parents or ancestor – study of passing of traits from parents to offspring [citation needed]
- Hermeology – study of Mercury
- Herpetology – Study of amphibians and reptiles
- Hippiatrics – study of diseases of horses[citation needed]
- Hippology – Study of horses
- Histology – Study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals
- Histopathology – Microscopic examination of tissue in order to study and diagnose disease – study of changes in tissue due to disease
- Historiography – Study of the methods used by historians
- Historiology – The study of history.
- Home economics – Study of household management
- Hoplology – The study of human combative behavior and performance
- Horography – art of constructing sundials or clocks [citation needed]
- Horology – Art or science of measuring time – science of time measurement [citation needed]
- Horticulture – Small-scale cultivation of plants – study of gardening [citation needed]
- Hydraulics – Applied engineering involving liquids – study of application of engineering, chemistry and other fields of science involving the use of liquids [citation needed]
- Hydrobiology – Science of life and life processes in water – study of aquatic organisms
- Hydrodynamics – Study of liquids in motion
- Hydrogeology – Study of the distribution and movement of groundwater
- Hydrography – Measurement of bodies of water
- Hydrokinetics – study of motion of fluids
- Hydrology – Science of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth – study of water resources
- Hydrometeorology – Branch of meteorology and hydrology – study of atmospheric moisture [citation needed]
- Hydrostatics – Branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest
- Hyetology – science of rainfall[citation needed]
- Hygiastics – science of health and hygiene [citation needed]
- Hygienics – Practices performed to preserve health – study of sanitation; health [citation needed]
- Hygiology – hygienics; study of cleanliness [citation needed]
- Hygroscopy – Phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules – study of humidity[citation needed]
- Hygrometry – Study of gas-vapor mixtures – science of humidity[citation needed]
- Hypnology – Study of sleep and hypnotic phenomena – study of sleep; study of hypnosis.[19]
- Hypsography – Measurement of the elevation and depth of features on Earth's surface relative to mean sea level. – science of measuring heights[citation needed]
- Iamatology – Obsolete synonym for the study of therapies.
- Iatrology – treatise or text on medical topics; study of medicine [citation needed]
- Ichnography – Architectural diagram showing interior layout of a building – art of drawing ground plans; a ground plan
- Ichnology – Study of trace fossils
- Ichthyology – Branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish
- Iconography – Branch of art history – study of drawing symbols [citation needed]
- Iconology – Method of interpretation in cultural history – study of icons; symbols [citation needed]
- Ideogeny – study of origins of ideas [citation needed]
- Ideology – Set of beliefs and values attributed to a person or group of people – science of ideas; system of ideas used to justify behaviour [citation needed]
- Idiomology – study of idiom, jargon or dialect [citation needed][relevant?]
- Idiopsychology – study of the psychology of one's own mind [citation needed]
- Immunochemistry – Study of the chemistry of the immune system.
- Immunogenetics – Branch of medical genetics that studies genetic interactions related to the immune system – study of genetic characteristics of immunity
- Immunology – Branch of medicine studying the immune system
- Immunopathology – Branch of medicine that deals with immune responses associated with disease
- Information science – Academic field concerned with collection and analysis of information
- Information technology (IT) – Computer-based technology
- Insectology – Scientific study ofi insects, or relationships between insects and humans
- Irenology – Social science study of peace – study of peace [citation needed]
- Kalology – study of beauty [relevant?]
- Karstology – Scientific study of the various aspects of karst regions
- Karyology – Photographic display of total chromosome complement in a cell – study of cell nuclei
- Kinematics – Branch of physics describing the motion of objects without considering forces – study of motion
- Kinesics – Interpretation of body motion communication – study of gestural communication
- Kinesiology – Study of human body movement – study of human movement and posture
- Kinetics – Subfield of physics – study of forces producing or changing motion
- Koniology – Study of atmospheric dust and its effects – study of atmospheric pollutants and dust
- Ktenology – Scientific study of killing
- Kymatology – Branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) – study of wave motion
- Larithmics – study of population statistics [citation needed]
- Laryngology – Medical specialty that deals with the larynx
- Lepidopterology – Branch of entomology that studies moths and butterflies
- Leprology – The study of leprosy and its treatment
- Lexicology – Linguistic discipline studying words – study of words and their meanings
- Lexigraphy – Grapheme which represents a word or a morpheme – art of definition of words [relevant?]
- Library science – Branch of academic disciplines – study of collection of information [citation needed]
- Lichenology – Branch of mycology that studies lichens
- Library and information science – Branch of academic disciplines – study of organization, access, collection, and protection/regulation of information, whether in physical or digital forms.[citation needed]
- Limacology – The study of slugs
- Limnobiology – study of freshwater ecosystems [citation needed]
- Limnology – Science of inland aquatic ecosystems
- Linguistics – Scientific study of language
- Loimology – study of plagues and epidemics [citation needed]
- Logics – Study of correct reasoning
- Loxodromy – study of sailing along rhumb-lines[citation needed][relevant?]
- Ludology – Study of games and the act of playing them
- Macroeconomics – Study of an economy as a whole – branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the whole economy[citation needed][relevant?]
- Magnetics – Class of physical phenomena – study of magnetism[citation needed]
- Magnetohydrodynamics – Model of electrically conducting fluids – study of electrically conducting fluids
- Magnetostatics – Branch of physics about magnetism in systems with steady electric currents – study of magnetic fields in systems where the currents are steady
- Malacology – Study of molluscs
- Malariology – Study of the mosquito borne disease, malaria
- Mammalogy – Study of mammals
- Marine biology – Scientific study of organisms that live in the ocean – study of the ocean's ecosystem
- Mastology – Study of mammals – study of mammals [citation needed]
- Mathematics – Area of knowledge – study of magnitude, number, and forms
- Mazology – mammalogy; study of mammals [citation needed]
- Mechanics – Science concerned with physical bodies subjected to forces or displacements
- Meconology – study of or treatise concerning opium [citation needed][relevant?]
- Media studies – Field of study that deals with media[relevant?]
- Medicine – Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness[relevant?]
- Melissopalynology – The study of pollen contained in honey
- Melittology – Scientific study of bees
- Melology – Scholarly study of music – study of music; musicology [relevant?]
- Mereology – Study of parts and the wholes they form – study of part-whole relationships
- Mesology – Study of organisms and their environment – ecology [citation needed]
- Metallogeny – Study of the genesis and geographic distribution of mineral deposits – study of the origin and distribution of metal deposits
- Metallography – Study of metals using microscopy – study of the structure and constitution of metals
- Metallurgy – Field of science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metals
- Metaphysics – Study of fundamental reality – study of principles of nature and thought [relevant?]
- Metapolitics – Political discourse about politics itself – study of politics in theory or abstract
- Metapsychology – Psychological aspect – study of nature of the mind [citation needed][relevant?]
- Metascience – Scientific study of science
- Meteoritics – Scientific study of meteors, meteorites and meteoroids
- Meteorology – Interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere focusing on weather forecasting
- Methodology – Study of research methods
- Methyology – study of alcohol [citation needed]
- Metrology – Science of measurement and its application
- Microanatomy – Study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues
- Microbial ecology – Study of the relationship of microorganisms with their environment
- Microbiology – Study of microscopic organisms (microbes)
- Microclimatology – Local set of atmospheric conditions that differ significantly from the surrounding area – study of local climates [citation needed]
- Microeconomics – Behavior of individuals and firms – branch of economics that studies the behavior of individual households and firms in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources [citation needed][relevant?]
- Micrology – study or discussion of trivialities [citation needed][relevant?]
- Micropalaeontology – Branch of paleontology that studies microfossils
- Microphytology – study of very small plant life [citation needed]
- Military science – Theory, method, and practice of producing military capability
- Mineralogy – Scientific study of minerals and mineralised artifacts
- Molecular biology – Branch of biology that studies biological systems at the molecular level
- Molinology – Study of devices which use energy for mechanical purposes
- Momilogy – study of mummies [citation needed]
- Morphology – study of forms and the development of structures [relevant?]
- Morphometrics – Quantitative study of size and shape – study of size and shape
- Muscology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of bryophytes – study of mosses
- Museology – Study of museums[relevant?]
- Musicology – Scholarly study of music – study of music [relevant?]
- Mycology – Branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi
- Myology – Study of the muscular system – study of muscles
- Myrmecology – Study of ants
- Mythology – Type of traditional narrative – study of myths; fables; tales[citation needed][relevant?]
- Naology – study of church or temple architecture [citation needed]
- Nautics – study and art of navigation[citation needed]
- Navigation – Process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another – study of controlling a movement of a vehicle from one place to another[relevant?]
- Necroplanetology – Study of the process of planetary destruction – study of the destruction of planets[20]
- Nematology – Scientific study of roundworms
- Neonatology – Medical care of newborns, especially the ill or premature
- Neossology – study of nestling birds [citation needed]
- Nephology – Scientific study of clouds
- Nephrology – Medical study concerned with the kidneys
- Neurobiology – Scientific study of the nervous system
- Neuroeconomics – Interdisciplinary field – study of human decision making and the ability to process multiple alternatives and to choose an optimal course of action
- Neurology – Medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system
- Neuropsychology – Study of the brain related to specific psychological processes and behaviors
- Neuroscience – Scientific study of the nervous system – study of development, work and structure of nervous system
- Neurypnology – study of hypnotism [citation needed]
- Neutrosophy – study of the origin and nature of philosophical neutralities [citation needed][relevant?]
- Nomology – Science of laws in philosophy
- Noology – Spanish philosopher (1898–1983) – science of the intellect [citation needed]
- Nosology – Branch of medicine that deals with classification of diseases
- Nostology – study of senility [citation needed]
- Notaphily – Study of paper currency – study and collecting of bank-notes and cheques [relevant?]
- Numismatics – Study of currencies, coins and paper money
- Nymphology – study of nymphs[citation needed]
- Nanotechnology – Technology with features near one nanometer[relevant?]
- Obstetrics – Medical specialty concerning pregnancy and childbirth
- Oceanography – Study of physical, chemical, and biological processes in the ocean
- Oceanology – Scientific study of the ocean
- Odontology – Scientific study of teeth
- Odonatology – Study of dragonflies and damselflies
- Oenology – Study of wine and winemaking
- Oikology – science of housekeeping [citation needed]
- Olfactology – study of the sense of smell [citation needed]
- Ombrology – study of rain [citation needed]
- Oncology – Branch of medicine dealing with, or specializing in, cancer
- Oneirology – Scientific study of dreams
- Onomasiology – Branch of linguistics concerned with how to express a given concept – study of nomenclature [citation needed]
- Onomastics – Study of proper names[relevant?]
- Ontology – Philosophical study of being – science of pure being; the nature of things [relevant?]
- Oology – Branch of ornithology studying bird eggs, nests and breeding behavior
- Ophiology, also known as ophidiology – Branch of herpetology that studies snakes
- Ophthalmology – Field of medicine treating eye disorders
- Optics – Branch of physics that studies light
- Optology – study of sight [citation needed]
- Optometry – Field of medicine treating eye disorders – science of examining the eyes
- Orchidology – Scientific study of orchids
- Ornithology – Study of birds
- Organology – Collection of tissues with similar functions (biology) – study of form, structure, development, and functions of plant or animal organs
- Organology – Science of musical instruments and their classifications (musicology) – study of musical instruments in relation to history, culture, construction, acoustic properties and classification
- Orology, also known as Mountain research – Study of mountain environments
- Orthoepy – Correct pronunciation of a language [relevant?]
- Orthography – Set of conventions for written language [relevant?]
- Orthopterology – Study of grasshoppers and related insects
- Oryctology – mineralogy or paleontology [citation needed]
- Osmics – scientific study of smells [citation needed]
- Osmology – study of smells and olfactory processes [citation needed]
- Osphresiology – study of the sense of smell [citation needed]
- Osteology – Scientific study of bones
- Otology – Branch of medicine for the ear
- Otorhinolaryngology – Medical specialty of the head and neck
- Paedology – Study of children's behavior and development
- Paidonosology – study of children's diseases; pediatrics[citation needed]
- Palaeoanthropology – Study of ancient humans
- Palaeobiology – Study of organic evolution using fossils
- Palaeoclimatology – Study of changes in ancient climate
- Palaeoichthyology – study of ancient fish
- Palaeolimnology – Scientific study of ancient lakes and streams
- Palaeontology – Study of life before the Holocene epoch
- Palaeopedology – Discipline studying soils of the past eras
- Paleobotany – Study of organic evolution of plants based on fossils
- Paleo-osteology – study of ancient bones [citation needed]
- Paleoseismology – Study of earthquakes that happened in the past
- Palynology – Study of pollen and other acid-resistant microoscopic organic material
- Papyrology – Scientific study of ancient manuscripts
- Paradoxology – Statement that apparently contradicts itself – study of paradoxes [citation needed]
- Parapsychology – Study of paranormal and psychic phenomena [relevant?]
- Parasitology – Study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them
- Paroemiology – study of proverbs[citation needed]
- Parthenology – study of virgins [citation needed]
- Particle physics – Study of subatomic particles and forces
- Pathology – Study of disease
- Pedagogics – Theory and practice of education [relevant?]
- Pedology – Study of soils in their natural environment
- Pelology – study of mud [citation needed]
- Penology – Subfield of criminology – study of crime and punishment [citation needed]
- Periodontology, also known as Periodontics – Field of dentistry
- Pestology – Scientific study of insects – science of pests [citation needed]
- Petrology – Branch of geology that studies the formation, composition, distribution and structure of rocks
- Pharmacognosy – Study of drugs obtained from natural sources
- Pharmacology – Science of drugs and medications and their effects
- Pharology – Scientific study of lighthouses and signal lights
- Pharyngology – study of the throat [citation needed]
- Phenology – Study of periodic events in biological life cycles
- Phenomenology – Philosophical method and schools of philosophy – study of phenomena [citation needed][relevant?]
- Philology – Study of language in historical sources
- Philosophy – Study of general and fundamental questions – science of knowledge or wisdom [citation needed][relevant?]
- Phoniatrics – Sudy and treatment of organs involved in speech production
- Phonetics – Study of how humans produce and perceive sounds
- Phonology – Study of sound organization in languages
- Photobiology – Scientific study of light's effect on living organisms
- Photonics – Technical applications of optics – study of photons
- Phraseology – Linguistic study of phrases[relevant?]
- Phycology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of algae
- Phylogenetics, also known as Phylogeny – Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms
- Physics – Scientific field of study
- Physiology – Science regarding functions in organisms or living systems
- Phytology, also known as Botany – Study of plant life
- Piscatology – study of fishes[citation needed]
- Pisteology – science or study of faith [citation needed][relevant?]
- Planetary science, also known as Planetology – Science of planets and planetary systems
- Plumology – Study of feathers
- Plutology – political economy; study of wealth [citation needed]
- Pneumatics – Use of pressurised gas in mechanical systems – study of mechanics of gases [citation needed][relevant?]
- Pneumonology – Study of respiratory diseases
- Podiatry, also known as Podology – Medicine branch focusing on the human lower extremities
- Political science – Scientific study of politics
- Polemology – Multidisciplinary study of war
- Pomology – Study of fruits and their cultivation
- Pogonology – Hair that grows on the lower part of the face – study of beards[citation needed]
- Posology – Study of dosage of medicines
- Potamology – Study of rivers
- Pragmatics – Branch of linguistics and semiotics relating context to meaning
- Praxeology – Theory of human action
- Primatology – Scientific study of primates
- Proctology – Study of the structure and diseases of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon
- Protistology – Scientific discipline devoted to the study of protists – study of protists
- Proxemics – Study of human use of space and the effects that population density has on behavior
- Psephology – Quantitative scientific analysis of elections and balloting (within political science) – study of election results and voting trends
- Pseudology – art or science of lying [citation needed][relevant?]
- Pseudoptics – study of optical illusions [citation needed]
- Psychobiology – Neuroscience of behaviour
- Psychogenetics – Study of genetic-environment interactions influencing behaviour – study of internal or mental states
- Psychognosy – study of mentality, personality or character
- Psycholinguistics – Study of relations between psychology and language
- Psychology – Study of mental functions and behaviors
- Psychopathology – Scientific study of mental disorders
- Psychophysics – Branch of knowledge relating physical stimuli and psychological perception
- Pteridology – Class of vascular plants – study of ferns
- Pterylology – study of distribution of feathers on birds
- Punnology – study of puns[21]
- Pyretology – study of fevers
- Pyrgology – study of towers
- Pyroballogy – study of artillery
- Pyrography – Art or decoration made from burn marks – study of woodburning
- Pyrotechnics – Science of creating combustibles and explosives for entertainment – study of combustion through fire or explosions
- Quantum computing – Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics – the exploitation of collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform computation.[citation needed]
- Quantum mechanics – Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale – a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles[citation needed]
- Quantum physics – Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale – the study of matter and energy at the most fundamental level[citation needed]
- Queer theory – Field of critical theory – study of issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity[citation needed][relevant?]
- Quinology – study of quinine.[citation needed]
- Radiobiology – Study of effects of radiation on living things – study of the scientific principles, mechanisms, and effects of the interaction of ionizing radiation with living matter
- Radiochemistry – Chemistry of radioactive materials – study of ordinary chemical reactions under radioactive circumstances[citation needed]
- Radiology – Branch of medicine specialising in medical imaging
- Rheology – Study of the flow of matter, primarily in a fluid state
- Rheumatology – Medical speciality of inflammatory diseases
- Rhinology – Study of the nose and sinuses
- Rhochrematics – science of inventory management and the movement of products[citation needed]
- Robotics – Design, construction, use, and application of robots
- Rocket Science – study and engineering of rockets[citation needed]
- Runology – Study of Runic alphabets
- Sarcology – study of fleshy parts of the body [citation needed]
- Scatology – Study of faeces – study of excrement or obscene literature [citation needed]
- Schematonics – art of using gesture to express tones [citation needed][relevant?]
- Sciagraphy – Study of perspective shadow projection – art of shading
- Scientific modelling – Scientific activity that produces models – study of application of models to understand a particular problem [citation needed]
- Scientific programming – Language for communicating instructions to a machine – study of programming [citation needed][relevant?]
- Scripophily – Study and collection of stock and bond certificates[relevant?]
- Sedimentology – Study of natural sediments and their formation processes
- Seismology – Scientific study of earthquakes and propagation of elastic waves through a planet
- Selenodesy – Study of the surface and shape of the Moon
- Selenology – Structure and composition of the Moon – study of the Moon [citation needed]
- Semantics – Study of meaning in language
- Semantology – science of meanings of words [citation needed]
- Semasiology – Branch of linguistics about what words mean
- Semiology – Study of signs and sign processes – study of signs and signals [citation needed]
- Semiotics – Study of signs and sign processes
- Serology – Scientific study of serum and other bodily fluids
- Sexology – Scientific study of human sexuality
- Siderology – study of iron and its alloys, including steel [citation needed]
- Significs – Linguistic and philosophical term – science of meaning[citation needed] [relevant?]
- Silvics – Practice of controlling forests for timber production – study of tree's life[citation needed]
- Sindonology – Scientific analysis of the Shroud.of Turin
- Sinology – Area studies focused on China
- Sitology – Expert in nutrition and malnutrition – dietetics [citation needed]
- Sociobiology – Subdiscipline of biology regarding social behavior – study of biological basis of human behaviour [citation needed]
- Socioeconomics – Social science – study of the relationship between economy and society [citation needed]
- Sociolinguistics – Study of how society affects language
- Sociology – Social science that studies human society and its development
- Solid mechanics – Branch of mechanics concerned with solid materials and their behaviors
- Somatology – Branch of anthropology that studies the physical development of the human species – science of substances [citation needed]
- Snow hydrology – Field of snow science concerning its composition and dispersion
- Spectrology – Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiation
- Spectroscopy – Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiation – study of spectra
- Speleology – Science of cave and karst systems
- Spermology – Embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering – study of seeds[citation needed]
- Sphagnology – study of peat moss[citation needed]
- Sphygmology – Study of the pulse
- Splanchnology – Study of the visceral organs
- Spongology – study of sponges [citation needed]
- Stasiology – study of political parties [citation needed]
- Statics – Branch of mechanics concerned with balance of forces in nonmoving systems
- Stellar astronomy – Study of stars and stellar evolution
- Stemmatics, also known as Stemmatology – Identification of textual variants – study of relationships between text[citation needed]
- Stereochemistry – Subdiscipline of chemistry – study of chemistry of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation. [citation needed]
- Stoichiology – science of elements of animal tissues [citation needed]
- Stomatology – Study of oral medicine – study of the mouth[citation needed]
- Storiology – study of folk tales [citation needed]
- Stratigraphy – Study of rock layers and their formation
- Stratography – art of leading an army [citation needed][relevant?]
- Stylometry – Study of writing style – studying literature by means of statistical analysis [citation needed]
- Suicidology – Scientific study of suicide and self-destructive behaviors
- Supramolecular chemistry – Branch of chemistry – study of the chemistry of assembled molecular sub-units[citation needed]
- Symbology – Something that represents an idea, process, or physical entity – study of symbols
- Symptomatology – Indications of a specific illness, including psychiatric – study of symptoms of illness
- Synecology – Associated populations of species in a given area – study of ecological communities
- Synectics – Thought process for making the strange familiar and the familiar strange – study of processes of invention
- Syntax – System responsible for combining morphemes into complex structures – study of sentence structure
- Syphilology – Sexually transmitted infection – study of syphilis
- Systematics – Branch of biology – study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present
- Systems science – Study of the nature of systems – study of systems
- Taxidermy – Stuffing and mounting dead animals for display – art of curing and stuffing animals [relevant?]
- Taxonomy – Science of naming, defining and classifying organisms
- Tectonics – Process of evolution of the Earth's crust
- Teleology – Thinking in terms of destiny or purpose – study of final causes; analysis in terms of purpose[citation needed][relevant?]
- Telmatology – Branch of physical geography concerned with the study of wetlands
- Tempestology – The study of cyclones, hurricanes and similar extreme weather events
- Teratology – Study of developmental anomalies
- Terrestrial ecology – Study of terrestrial ecosystems and the biotic and abiotic things that occupy them.
- Teuthology – Study of cephalopods
- Textology – Identification of textual variants – study of the production of texts [citation needed]
- Thalassography – science of the seas and gulfs [22]
- Thanatology – Scientific study of death and its aspects
- Thaumatology – The study of miracles – study of miracles[citation needed][relevant?]
- Theology – Study of the nature of deities and religious beliefs - study of religion[citation needed][relevant?]
- Theoretical computer science – Subfield of computer science and mathematics
- Theriogenology – Veterinary specialty concerning reproduction
- Thermodynamics – Physics of heat, work, and temperature
- Thermokinematics – study of motion of heat [citation needed]
- Thermology – thermography used for medical diagnosis – study of heat [citation needed]
- Therology – Study of mammals
- Thremmatology – science of breeding domestic animals and plants[23]
- Threpsology – science of nutrition [citation needed]
- Tidology – study of tides
- Timbrology – study of postage stamps [citation needed]
- Tocology – Medical specialty encompassing two subspecialties – obstetrics; midwifery[citation needed]
- Tokology – Medical specialty encompassing two subspecialties – study of childbirth[citation needed]
- Tonetics – Use of pitch to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning
- Topography – Study of the forms of land surfaces
- Topology – Branch of mathematics – study of places and their natural features[citation needed]
- Toponymy, also known as Toponymics – Study of place names
- Toxicology – Study of substances harmful to living organisms
- Traumatology – Medicine branch – study of wounds and their effects [citation needed]
- Tribology – Science and engineering of interacting surfaces in relative motion
- Trichology – The study of the hair and scalp
- Trophology – Science of nutrition
- Tsiganology – study of gypsies[citation needed]
- Turbology – study of tornadoes [citation needed]
- Typhlology – study of blindness and the blind [24]
- Typography – Art of arranging type – art and technique of arranging type[citation needed]
- Typology – study of types of things[citation needed]
- Uranography – Part of astronomy concerned with mapping of stars
- Uranology – Science of the heavens (historical)
- Urbanology – Study dealing with specialized problems of cities
- Urenology – study of rust molds[citation needed]
- Urogynecology – Sub-specialty of urology and gynecology
- Urology – Medical specialty on the urinary and reproductive systems
- Vaccinology – Science of vaccine development and production
- Valeology – study of healthy living[25]
- Venereology – Branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases
- Venology – The study of veins.[26]
- Veterinary medicine – Branch of medicine for non-human animals
- Vexillography – Art and practice of designing flags – the art and practice of designing flags
- Vexillology – Study of flags
- Victimology – Study of victimization
- Vinology – scientific study of vines and winemaking [27]
- Virology – Study of viruses
- Vitaminology – The study of vitamins.[28]
- Vitrics – study, art and technology of glassy materials; glassware [citation needed][relevant?]
- Volcanology – Study of volcanoes
- Webology – Academic journal on the World Wide Web – study of World Wide Web[citation needed]
- Xenobiology – Science of synthetic life forms – study of biological systems which do not exist in nature[citation needed]
- Xylography – Broad term for woodblock printing techniques
- Xylology – Science of wood
- Zenography – The study of the planet Jupiter
- Zooarchaeology – Analysis of animal remains found in archaeological sites
- Zoochemistry – study of chemistry of animals
- Zoogeography – Science of the geographic distribution of animal species
- Zoogeology – study of fossil animal remains [citation needed]
- Zoology – Scientific study of animals
- Zoonomy – study of animal physiology[citation needed]
- Zoonosology – study of animal diseases [citation needed]
- Zoopathology – Study and diagnosis of disease in animals
- Zoophysics – Study of physics relating to structure and function of animal organs and bodies.[29]
- Zoophysiology – study of physiology of animals [citation needed]
- Zoophytology – study of plant-like animals [citation needed]
- Zoosemiotics – Study of the use of signs among animals – study of animal communication [citation needed]
- Zootaxy – Scientific classification of animals.
- Zootechnics – Science of managing domestic or captive animals
- Zygology – science of joining and fastening [30]
- Zymology – Study of fermentation and its uses
- Zymurgy – Applied chemistry of fermentation processes
- Zythology – Study of beer and beer-brewing.
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.
