INS Kalvari (S23)

For other ships with the same name, see INS Kalvari.

INS Kalvari (S23) was the lead vessel of the Kalvari class of diesel-electric submarines of the Indian Navy.^[1] It was the first ever submarine inducted into service by the Indian Navy.^[2][3] The submarine was laid down on 27 December 1966 as Foxtrot-class submarine B-51 of the Soviet Navy by Novo-Admiralty at Galerniy Island, Leningrad.

History
India
Name	INS Kalvari
Namesake	"Kalvari" a deep sea tiger shark.
Launched	15 April 1967
Commissioned	8 December 1967
Decommissioned	31 May 1996
Identification	S23
Fate	Decommissioned
Status	Hull scrapped, fin preserved
General characteristics
Class and type	Kalvari-class submarine
Displacement	1,950 t (1,919 long tons) surfaced 2,475 t (2,436 long tons) submerged
Length	91.3 m (299 ft 6 in)
Beam	7.5 m (24 ft 7 in)
Draught	6 m (19 ft 8 in)
Speed	16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph) surfaced 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) submerged
Range	20,000 mi (32,000 km) at 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) surfaced 380 mi (610 km) at 10 kn (19 km/h; 12 mph) submerged
Test depth	250 m (820 ft)
Complement	75 (incl 8 officers)
Armament	10 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes with 22 SET-65E/SAET-60 torpedoes 44 mines in lieu of torpedoes

Overview

INS Kalvari submarine fin at RK Beach

The submarine was launched on 15 April 1967 and competed on 26 September 1967.^[4][5] The submarine was commissioned by the Indian Navy on 8 December 1967 at Riga, Soviet Union. The Navy celebrates Submarine Day annually on 8 December to commemorate this occasion.^[2][3] The submarine was decommissioned in 1992.^[4]

Kalvari is the Malayalam word for tiger shark, a deep-sea predator in the Indian Ocean. The name symbolizes agility, strength and predatory power.^[6][7] The tiger shark (Galeocerdo Cuvier) is a species of requiem shark which are found in tropical and temperate waters.^{[citation needed]}