Huỳnh Tấn Phát

In this Vietnamese name, the surname is Huỳnh, but is often simplified to Huynh in English-language text. In accordance with Vietnamese custom, this person should be referred to by the given name, Phát.

Huỳnh Tấn Phát (15 February 1913 – 30 September 1989)^[1] was a Vietnamese architect, politician and revolutionary. He was the Prime Minister and de facto leader of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. After unification, Phát became Deputy Prime Minister^[a] and Minister of Construction^[b] before serving as Vice President of Vietnam^[c] until his death.^[2][3] He is the designer of the flag of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam.

Huỳnh Tấn Phát
Vice Chairman of the Council of State
In office 28 June 1982 – 30 September 1989
President	Trường Chinh Võ Chí Công
Preceded by	Nguyễn Lương Bằng
Deputy Prime Minister of Vietnam Minister of Construction
In office 2 July 1976 – 16 June 1982
Prime Minister	Phạm Văn Đồng
Chairman of government of South Vietnam (Provisional Revolutionary Government)
In office 8 June 1969/30 April 1975 – 2 July 1976
President	Nguyễn Hữu Thọ
Preceded by	Vũ Văn Mẫu as Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam
Succeeded by	Phạm Văn Đồng as Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Member of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly
In office 6 January 1946 – 5 July 1960
Secretary General of National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
In office 1962–1977
Personal details
Born	15 February 1913 Mỹ Tho, Cochinchina, French Indochina
Died	30 September 1989 (aged 76) Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Political party	Communist Party of Vietnam
Alma mater	Hanoi University
Awards	Order of Ho Chi Minh

Early life and education

He studied architecture at the University of Hanoi. In 1940, he became the first Vietnamese architect to open a private architectural office in Saigon.^[4] In 1941, he won the first prize in the design contest of the Indochina Exhibition and Convention Center organized by the Governor General of Indochina Jean Decoux.^[4] He is the designer of many iconic villas in District 1, Ho Chi Minh City.

Phát later became an editor of the anti-French magazine Jeunesse (Youth) and a co-founder of the Vanguard Youth movement.^[5]

Career

Huỳnh Tấn Phát joined the Indochinese Communist Party in March 1945, and began revolutionary activities in Saigon, whereupon he was appointed Deputy Director of the Information and Press Committee for Southern Vietnam. He was a member of the First National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam).

When the French re-occupied Saigon after World War II, he was arrested and sentenced to two years in prison. Upon his release, Phát resumed his revolutionary activities and in 1949 was appointed a Commissioner of the Administrative Resistance Committee for Southern Vietnam and directly managed the Free Voice of Saigon-Cho Lon Radio.^[6]

He later emerged as a leading chief theoretician of the Viet Cong (formally the National Liberation Front).^[7][3] Phát became Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (PRG) on its formation in 1969. Upon the surrender of the Republic of Vietnam government on 30 April 1975, the PRG became the nominal government of South Vietnam. He held this post until 2 July 1976, when the country was reunified with the North, making him the only communist South Vietnamese prime minister. From 1976 to 1982, he was a vice premier of Vietnam. In 1982, he became the Vice President of the Council of State and served in this position until his death in 1989.^[6] Between 1983 and 1988, Phát was also the Chairman of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front, a political coalition that included the Communist Party of Vietnam, the Democratic Party of Vietnam and the Socialist Party of Vietnam.

Legacy

For his devotion to the communist cause, he was awarded the Order of Ho Chi Minh.^[6] Huỳnh Tấn Phát died 1989 in Ho Chi Minh City at the age of 76.^[7] Many streets in Vietnamese cities and provinces have been named after him.

Notes

1. officially known as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers
2. as Head of the State Commission for Basic Construction
3. officially known as Deputy Chairman of the Council of State

References

1. Cố KTS Huỳnh Tấn Phát – người làm đẹp cho cuộc đời
2. Ronald B. Frankum Jr. Historical Dictionary of the War in Vietnam 2011 p.211 "During the August 1945 revolution, Huỳnh Tấn Phát joined the fighting in Sai Gon and was arrested for the first of many times, which ultimately forced him to go into hiding in 1949. He served with the Viét Minh as the director of the Information ..."
3. "Huynh Tan Phat, 76; Viet Cong Leader". Los Angeles Times. 1989-10-04. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
4. trúc, Tạp chí Kiến (2018-05-28). "KTS Huỳnh Tấn Phát: Nhà cách mạng - Nhà văn hóa - Tạp chí Kiến Trúc". Tạp chí Kiến trúc - Hội Kiến trúc sư Việt Nam (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2023-02-05.
5. Narvaez, Alfonso A. (1989-10-03). "Huynh Tan Phat, Vietcong Aide And Hanoi Official, Is Dead at 76". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
6. "Tinh Ben Tre - Huỳnh Tấn Phát (1913 – 1989)" (in Vietnamese). Vietnam: Ben Tre Province official website. Archived from the original on 22 February 2011.
7. Narvaez, Alfonso A. (1989-10-03). "Huynh Tan Phat, Vietcong Aide And Hanoi Official, Is Dead at 76". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-03-21.