Henry II, Duke of Lorraine

Henry II (French: Henri II; 8 November 1563 – 31 July 1624), known as "the Good (le Bon)", was Duke of Lorraine from 1608 until his death. Leaving no sons, both of his daughters became Duchesses of Lorraine by marriage. He was a brother-in-law of Henry IV of France.

Henry II "the Good"
Duke of Lorraine and Bar
Reign	14 May 1608 – 31 July 1624
Predecessor	Charles III
Successor	Nicole
Born	8 November 1563 Ducal Palace of Nancy, Lorraine
Died	31 July 1624(1624-07-31) (aged 60) Ducal Palace of Nancy, Lorraine
Spouse	Catherine of Bourbon ​ ​ (m. 1599; died 1604)​ Margherita Gonzaga ​ ​ (m. 1606)​
Issue	Nicole, Duchess of Lorraine Claude, Duchess Consort of Lorraine
Names Henri
House	Lorraine
Father	Charles III, Duke of Lorraine
Mother	Claude of France
Religion	Roman Catholicism

History and family

Henry was the son of Charles III, Duke of Lorraine,^[1] and Claude of Valois,^[2] daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.^[3] His paternal grandparents were Francis I, Duke of Lorraine, and Christina of Denmark.^[4] The splendour of his baptism in Bar-le-Duc was recalled by his aunt Margaret of Valois, who was ten at the time.^[5]

Henry married, firstly, Catherine of Bourbon, Duchess of Albret, daughter Antoine of Navarre and Jeanne d'Albret, sister of King Henry IV of France.^[6] The couple were married at the Château de Saint Germain-en-Laye outside Paris on 31 January 1599.^[6] The bride was already 39 years of age and the union was merely to secure relations with the House of Bourbon which had previously been rivals with the House of Lorraine. As Catherine was a Protestant and Henry was a Catholic, a papal dispensation was needed for the two to marry.^[7] Pope Clement VIII refused to grant a dispensation,^[7] but Catherine's brother, Henry, convinced their illegitimate half-brother, Charles, Archbishop of Rouen, to officiate at the wedding.^[6]

Catherine died childless in 1604, aged 45. With no issue from that union, Duke Henry married, secondly, Margherita Gonzaga on 24 April 1606 in Mantua.^[8] She was the eldest daughter of Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and his wife Eleonora de' Medici.^[8] Margherita's sister Eleonor Gonzaga was a future Holy Roman Empress.

Henry was succeeded by his younger brother as Francis II, Duke of Lorraine.

Issue

Henry and Margherita had four daughters, two of whom survived to adulthood:

• Stillborn daughter (February 1607).
• Nicole of Lorraine (3 October 1608 – 23 February 1657), married her cousin, Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine,^[8] separated in 1635.
• A daughter (10 February 1611 - 11 February 1611).
• Claude Françoise de Lorraine (6 October 1612 – 2 August 1648), married her cousin, Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine,^[8]

Ancestry

Ancestors of Henry II, Duke of Lorraine

8. Antoine, Duke of Lorraine 4. Francis I, Duke of Lorraine 9. Renée of Bourbon 2. Charles III, Duke of Lorraine 10. Christian II of Denmark 5. Christina of Denmark 11. Isabella of Austria 1. Henri II, Duke of Lorraine 12. Francis I of France 6. Henry II of France 13. Claude, Duchess of Brittany 3. Claude of Valois 14. Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino 7. Catherine de' Medici 15. Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne

References

1. Bogdan 2007, p. 286.
2. Ward, Prothero & Leathes 1911, p. table 34.
3. Knecht 1999, p. 34.
4. Bogdan 2007, p. 119-120.
5. de Valois, Marguerite (1615). The Memoirs of Marguerite de Valois (published 1813).
6. Pitts 2009, p. 223-224.
7. Duke 2009, p. 239.
8. Ward, Prothero & Leathes 1911, p. 88.

Sources

• Bogdan, Henry (2007). La Lorraine des ducs (in French). Perrin.
• Duke, A. C. (2009). Pollmann, Judith; Spicer, Andrew (eds.). Dissident Identities in the Early Modern Low Countries. Ashgate.
• Knecht, R.J. (1999). Catherine de' Medici (2nd ed.). Longman.
• Pitts, Vincent J. (2009). Henri IV of France: His Reign and Age. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Ward, Adolphus William; Prothero, G.W.; Leathes, Stanley, eds. (1911). The Cambridge Modern History. Vol. 13. The Macmillan Co.

External links

Preceded by Charles III	Duke of Lorraine and Bar and Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson 1608–1624	Succeeded by Nicole
Preceded by Marie	Marquis of Nomeny 1610–1624