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City in Chūbu, Japan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hekinan (碧南市, Hekinan-shi) is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019[update], the city had an estimated population of 72,864 in 29,139 households,[1] and a population density of 1,986 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 36.68 square kilometres (14.16 sq mi).[2]
Hekinan
碧南市 | |
|---|---|
Kokonoe Mirin Co., Ltd. | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Hekinan in Aichi Prefecture | |
  Hekinan | |
| Coordinates: 34°53′4.9″N 136°59′36.3″E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Chūbu (Tōkai) |
| Prefecture | Aichi |
| Area | |
| • Total | 36.68 km2 (14.16 sq mi) |
| Population (October 1, 2019) | |
| • Total | 72,864 |
| • Density | 2,000/km2 (5,100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| – Tree | Oak |
| – Flower | Japanese iris |
| Phone number | 0566-41-3311 |
| Address | 28 Matsumoto-chō, Hekinan-shi, Aichi-ken 447-8601 |
| Website | Official website |
Hekinan is located in south-central Aichi Prefecture, and is surrounded by Lake Aburagafuchi, the Yahagi River, Kinuura Bay, and Mikawa Bay. Most of the city area lies on reclaimed ground, with an average elevation of under seven meters above sea level.
The city has a climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and relatively mild winters (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Hekinan is 15.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1609 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.6 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.6 °C.[3]
Gamagōri, Aichi is the closet point that measures climate information.
| Climate data for Gamagōri, Aichi (1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.2 (48.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
18.5 (65.3) |
22.7 (72.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
29.2 (84.6) |
30.9 (87.6) |
27.4 (81.3) |
22.2 (72.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
11.9 (53.4) |
19.8 (67.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.3 (41.5) |
5.5 (41.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
14.2 (57.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
21.9 (71.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
26.9 (80.4) |
23.6 (74.5) |
18.3 (64.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
8.0 (46.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) |
1.9 (35.4) |
4.9 (40.8) |
10.1 (50.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.6 (72.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
9.6 (49.3) |
4.5 (40.1) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 47.9 (1.89) |
59.2 (2.33) |
135.9 (5.35) |
149.5 (5.89) |
178.7 (7.04) |
231.5 (9.11) |
175.3 (6.90) |
157.5 (6.20) |
257.2 (10.13) |
127.8 (5.03) |
93.0 (3.66) |
38.9 (1.53) |
1,649.8 (64.95) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 169.3 | 173.6 | 192.9 | 196.4 | 190.9 | 137.0 | 163.9 | 215.4 | 150.4 | 168.3 | 169.2 | 183.9 | 2,110.7 |
| Source: [4] | |||||||||||||
Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Hekinan has been increasing steadily over the past 50 years.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 45,491 | — |
| 1960 | 50,116 | +10.2% |
| 1970 | 56,933 | +13.6% |
| 1980 | 62,021 | +8.9% |
| 1990 | 65,899 | +6.3% |
| 2000 | 67,814 | +2.9% |
| 2010 | 72,020 | +6.2% |
The area is part of ancient Mikawa Province.
Under then Edo period, Tokugawa Shogunate, much of what is now Hekinan was part of the holdings of Numazu Domain, with the remainder being tenryō territory under direct control of the shogunate.
Widespread rioting occurred in the area against the new Meiji government and its policy of shinbutsu bunri in 1871. The area was organized into towns and villages within Hekikai District by the Meiji period establishment of the modern municipalities system in 1889.
The towns of Ohama, Shinkawa and Tanao, and the village of Asahi merged on April 5, 1948, to form the city of Hekinan[2] As it is located on the southern (南) part of Hekikai District (碧海郡), the city was named Hekinan (碧南). Hekinan was the tenth city founded in Aichi Prefecture.[2] Since it had harbors and rails, the city developed quickly after Pacific War.
On April 1, 1955, one part of the village of Meiji, which is currently called Nishibata, was incorporated into Hekinan.
On September 26, 1959, Typhoon Vera also known as the "Isewan Typhoon" heavily damaged the city.
On July 14, 1974, Rinkai Kōen Pool or also known as Kinuura Mammoth Pool was opened.
Because the city reclaimed the seaside for industrial purposes in 1960's, Hekinan opened this pool for people who complained about losing their beautiful beach.
On May 23, 1988, Hekinan Municipal Hospital was opened.[6]
In 1993, Hekinan Thermal Power Station was created by Chubu Electric Power on the reclaimed ground. This provides high tax revenue to the city. On August 17, 2003, since the facility of the Rinkai Kōen Pool became old and the number of the visitors of the pool was reduced, the city shut down the pool. Instead, the city created Hekinan Rinkai Park on the same place.
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Hekinan has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 22 members, which is considerably higher than other cities of similar size. The city contributes one member to the Aichi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Aichi District 13 of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Hekinan is one of the wealthiest cities in Japan. Its financial capability index is 1.70.[7] Automobile-related components, metal, tile, and food processing are the main industries in the city. In 2006 the number of factories was 463 with 16,778 workers. The value of shipments was 84,356,533 million yen in total in 2006.[8] The Hekinan Thermal Power Station is one of largest thermal power plants in the world.[9]
Even though only 4% of the population of Hekinan engage in agriculture, one-quarter of the area is farmland. The main products are carrots, onions, potatoes and figs. Anjo and Hekinan are the largest producer of figs in Japan.[8][10]
In 2010, there were 9,148 people working in this industry, shipping products worth 47,058,959 yen which is more than half of the amount of shipments in the city.[8] Toyota Industries is the biggest company for the industry in the city. There were 1,722 Toyota employees in Hekinan, or about 10% of the total industrial workers in the city in 2010.[11]
One remarkable industry in the city is related to ceramic roofing tiles. Hekinan is one of the cities that produce Sanshu kawara, a well-known regional brand. In Japan, 58 per cent of tiles, which is about 50,000,000 tiles, are Sanshu kawara.[12]
Hekinan has seven public elementary schools and five public junior high schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Aichi Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped.
Hekinan is twinned with:
Edmonds, Washington, United States, since April 5, 1988[14]
Toyota, Aichi Prefecture, since April 5, 1992
Various festivals are held throughout the year in Hekinan.
| Name | Date | Location | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cherry Blossom Festival | From March to April | Onin-ji, Akashi Park, Nakayamashinmei shrine, Yahagi river | Many events related to cherry blossoms. During nighttime, the trees are illuminated along the Yahagi River. |
| Shiki Bishamonten Spring Festival | April 3 | Myōfuku-ji (妙福寺/志貴毘沙門天) | Pray for your and your family's happiness. |
| Nishiōninji Rennyohi | From April 19 to 25 | Ōnin-ji | Buddhist event. Tea ceremony and other events held. |
| Spring Rennyo walking | April | Ōnin-ji | "Walk-rally", Haiku contests, etc. are held. |
| Kōtō Garden Wisteria Festival | From April to May | Kōtō Garden | Enjoy Wistaria. There are a tea ceremony, which costs 500 yen including Japanese snack. During the night time, wistaria is illuminated by paper lanterns. |
| Shōmyō-ji Tōshō-gū Festival | May 5 | Shōmyō-ji | A lot of cultural assets, especially assets that related to Tokugawa, are treasured. Tokugawa Ieyasu's ancestor's graves exist in the temple. Variety of the events are held. |
| Henjō-in Three faces Jikokuten Spring Festival | May 5 | Henjō-in | Pay for success in business, etc. |
| Hekinan Lake Aburagafuchi Oak Festival[note 3] | From May to June | Lake Aburagafuchi and Ōnin-ji | Art contests, Tea ceremony, etc. are held. There are about 3 million oak trees, more than 100 types of oak tree illuminated by paper lanterns at night. |
| Saigu Jinja Hydrangea Festival | Second Sunday of June | Saigu Jinja | Selling Hydrangea, Nagashi Sōmen events are held. |
| Abacus Festival | August 8 (8-8 pronounce like abacus' sound so August 8 is Abacus day) | Shōmyō-ji | Thanksgiving for old abacus. |
| Lake Aburagafuchi fishing contests[note 4] | Second Sunday of September | Lake Aburagafuchi | Free fishing contest at Lake Aburagafuch |
| Ōhama Teramachi "Haiking" (Haiku Festival)[note 5] | Third Sunday of October | Ōhama | Haiku contests. The theme of Haiku is town. Participants walk around Ōhama and writing haiku poetry. |
| Shiki Bishamonten Fall Festival | November 3 | Myōfuku-ji (妙福寺/志貴毘沙門天) | Pray for your and your family's happiness. |
| Henjō-in Three faces Daikokuten Fall Festival | November 11 | Henjō-in | Pay for success in business, etc. |
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