Heike Drechsler

Heike Gabriela Drechsler (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪkə ˈdʁɛkslɐ] ^ⓘ; née Daute; born 16 December 1964) is a German former track and field athlete who represented East Germany and later Germany. One of the most successful long jumpers of all-time, she is a former world record holder and ranks third on the all-time list with her legal best of 7.48 metres in 1988. Her marginally wind-assisted jump of 7.63 metres (+2.1) in 1992 at altitude in Sestriere, is still the furthest a woman has ever long jumped. She is the only woman who has won two Olympic gold medals in the long jump, winning in 1992 and 2000.

Heike Drechsler

Drechsler at long jump
Personal information
Birth name	Heike Gabriela Daute[1]
Nickname	Heike Spix[1]
Nationality	German
Born	(1964-12-16) 16 December 1964 (age 60)[1] Gera, Bezirk Gera, East Germany[1]
Height	181 cm (5 ft 11 in)[1]
Weight	68 kg (150 lb)[1]
Sport
Sport	Track and field
Medal record Women's athletics Representing  East Germany Olympic Games 1988 Seoul Long jump 1988 Seoul 100 m 1988 Seoul 200 m World Championships 1983 Helsinki Long jump 1987 Rome 100 m 1987 Rome Long jump World Indoor Championships 1987 Indianapolis 200 m 1987 Indianapolis Long jump European Championships 1986 Stuttgart 200 m 1986 Stuttgart Long jump 1990 Split Long jump 1990 Split 200 m Representing  Germany Olympic Games 1992 Barcelona Long jump 2000 Sydney Long jump World Championships 1993 Stuttgart Long jump 1991 Tokyo Long jump 1991 Tokyo 4x100 m relay European Championships 1994 Helsinki Long jump 1998 Budapest Long jump
Updated on 30 June 2015

Drechsler also won Olympic medals in the 100 metres and 200 metres in 1988, a silver medal in the 100 metres at the 1987 World Championships, and is a former world record holder in the 200 metres with 21.71 seconds in 1986.

Biography

Drechsler was born in Gera, Bezirk Gera, East Germany (now Thuringia, Germany). As a teenager she was active in the Free German Youth (FDJ) and in 1984 she was elected to the Volkskammer of East Germany.

Initially a very competitive long jumper early in her career as a teenager, Drechsler made a transition into the world of elite sprinting in 1986 at the age of 21. She married Andreas Drechsler in July 1984 and competed as Heike Drechsler from then on. She was coached by Erich Drechsler, her father-in-law.^[2]

In addition to her Olympic success, Drechsler won two World Championships in the long jump (1983 and 1993), as well as gold medals in the long jump and the 200 m sprint in the World Indoor Championships 1987. She also had numerous successes in European and German championships. Drechsler's greatest rival in the long jump was Jackie Joyner-Kersee, with whom she was also very good friends.

In 1986, Drechsler twice equalled Marita Koch's 200 metres sprint (21.71 seconds) world record and set two long jump world records and equalled one in 1985 and 1986.

According to an article written by Ron Casey (an Australian statistician), in 1986 Drechsler made significant improvements to her 100 m and 200 m times. In one season she went from an 11.75-second 100 m to 10.91 seconds. Her 200 m time improved from 23.19 seconds to 21.71 seconds (equaling the world record) in the 1986 season.

Her 21.71 second performance for 200 m was run into a head wind of −0.8 m/s. By comparison, Marita Koch's 21.71 second runs in 1979 and 1984 had tail winds of +0.7 m/s and +0.3 m/s respectively.

Drechsler's 200 m performance of 21.71 seconds into a head wind (−0.8 m/s) is one of the fastest ever run by a woman in the history of track and field.

In October 1986, she was awarded a Star of People's Friendship in gold (second class) for her sporting success.^[3] Several German websites, including her own, claim that Heike Drechsler was voted "Athlete of the Century" in 1999 by the IAAF. This is not quite correct: she was put on the "shortlist",^[4] but the award was given to Fanny Blankers-Koen.^[5]

Personal records

Long jump

1983: 7.14 m (23 ft 5 in) in Bratislava / (Juniors)
1985: 7.44 m (24 ft 5 in) in East Berlin
1986: 7.45 m (24 ft 5+1⁄4 in) in Tallinn
1988: 7.48 m (24 ft 6+1⁄2 in) in Neubrandenburg^[6]
1992: 7.63 m (25 ft 1⁄2 in) in Sestriere^[6]

Drechsler's 1992 jump in Sestriere was made with a tailwind of 2.1 meters per second, just 0.1 m/s over the allowable level of 2.0 m/s to be considered a world record; it was also performed at an altitude of greater than 1000 meters above sea level, which is the level beyond which marks are designated to have been achieved "at altitude." The jump is 11 cm longer than the current world record.

200 metres

1986: 21.71 seconds in Jena^[7][8][9]
1986: 21.71 seconds in Stuttgart^[7][9]

Heptathlon

1981: 5891 Points (Junior)
1994: 6741 Points in Talence

Doping allegations

There were many accusations of drug use while she competed for East Germany. She has never failed a drug test during her career; however, all East German athletes competing abroad were tested before departure to avoid getting caught.^[10] In 2001, the BBC claimed she has admitted to unknowingly taking prohibited substances in the early 1980s under orders from her team doctors.^[11]

In 1991, after the fall of East Germany, Brigitte Berendonk and Werner Franke found several theses and dissertations quoting former GDR doping researchers in the Military Medical Academy Bad Saarow (MMA). The basis of the work reconstructed state-organized doping practices involving many well-known GDR athletes, including Heike Drechsler. Indications were that Heike Drechsler used high doses of Oral Turinabol plus more testosterone ester injections before competitions from 1982 to 1984.^[12] In 1993, Drechsler challenged Brigitte Berendonk, accusing her of lying in a lawsuit.^[13] In the case, the full annual dosage schedules, and charts of the development of sport performance as a function of the dosage amount, were released. Drechsler lost the lawsuit.^[14][15] However, Drechsler continued to win titles after the DDR time (after 1989), when she started for the merged German team and was tested regularly.

Gallery

• 
  Heike Daute in 1984
• 
  Heike Daute in 1984
• 
  Heike Drechsler in 2018

See also

• German all-time top lists – 100 metres
• German all-time top lists – 200 metres

References

1. Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Heike Drechsler". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
2. Heike Drechsler. Sporting Heroes. Retrieved on 11 April 2014.
3. "Hohe staatliche Auszeichnungen verliehen" [Awarded high state awards]. Neues Deutschland (in German). Vol. 42, no. 243. 15 October 1986. p. 6. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
4. "Fehler". Archived from the original on 26 November 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2005.
5. "IAAF International Association of Athletics Federations - IAAF.org - News - Article". Archived from the original on 1 February 2004.
6. IAAF All time stats
7. ""Ewige" Bestenliste der deutschen Leichtathletik". leichtathletik.de. 27 September 2012. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
8. "National Lists of Germany (Men)". apulanta.fi. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
9. "Track and Field all-time". alltime-athletics.com. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
10. Janofsky, Michael (29 November 1990). "Drug Use by Prominent Athletes Reported". The New York Times.
11. BBC | Drechsler keeps on jumping
12. Brigitte Berendonk: Doping documents – From Scientific Research to Cheating. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-540-53742-2, p. 125, Table 7
13. ↑ Cf Uwe Mueller / Grit Hartman: Forward and forget it! Kader, spies and accomplices – The dangerous legacy of the SED dictatorship, Berlin 2009, p. 215
14. ↑ Brigitte Berendonk: Doping documents – From Scientific Research to Cheating. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-540-53742-2, p. 122, Fig 6
15. ↑ Brigitte Berendonk: Doping documents – From Scientific Research to Cheating. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-540-53742-2, p. 133, Figure 11

External links

• Daute-Drechsler rzutyiskoki.pl Archived 17 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine
• Home page of Heike Drechsler (in German)
• Heike Drechsler at World Athletics
• 2015 Interview

Records
Preceded by Anişoara Cuşmir	Women's long jump World Record Holder 22 September 1985 – 11 June 1988	Succeeded by Galina Chistyakova
Awards
Preceded by Marita Koch	East German Sportswoman of the Year 1986	Succeeded by Silke Möller
Preceded by Heike Henkel	Women's Track & Field Athlete of the Year 1992	Succeeded by Wang Junxia
Preceded by Steffi Graf	German Sportswoman of the Year 2000	Succeeded by Hannah Stockbauer
Preceded by Mary Decker Slaney	United Press International Athlete of the Year 1986	Succeeded by Steffi Graf
Sporting positions
Preceded by Anişoara Cuşmir Galina Chistyakova Jackie Joyner-Kersee	Women's long jump Best Year Performance 1984 – 1986 1991 – 1993 1995	Succeeded by Jackie Joyner-Kersee Jackie Joyner-Kersee Jackie Joyner-Kersee
Preceded by Marita Koch	Women's 200 m Best Year Performance 1986	Succeeded by Silke Möller
Preceded by Jackie Joyner-Kersee	Women's Heptathlon Best Year Performance 1994	Succeeded by Ghada Shouaa