Haul truck

Haul trucks are off-road, heavy-duty dump trucks specifically engineered for use in high-production mining and exceptionally demanding construction environments. Most are dual axle; at least two examples of tri-axles were made in the 1970s. Haul trucks are denominated by their payload capacity, by weight (variously in tons, tonnes, and kg).

A large 400-short-ton (360-long-ton) Liebherr T 282B "ultra class" haul truck

Description

The WABCO 3200 was a rare example of a tri-axle haul truck configuration

A medium sized haul truck, the 214-short-ton (194 t; 191-long-ton) Caterpillar 789^[1]

Most haul trucks have a two-axle design, but two well-known models from the 1970s, the 350T Terex Titan and 235T WABCO 3200/B, had three axles. ^[2] Haul truck capacities range from 40 short tons (36.3 t; 35.7 long tons) to nearly 500 short tons (454 t; 446 long tons).

An example on the smaller end is the Caterpillar 775 (rated at 70 short tons [62 long tons]).^[3] Quarry operations (which produce payloads that have value) are typically employ smaller trucks^[why?] than mining operations (such as removing undesirable overburden, an expense).^{[citation needed]}

Haul trucks can generally be distinguished from standard dump trucks by:

• Being far too large to travel legally on public roads
• Having a dump body made of exceptionally strong steel plate that extends over the cab to protect it, angled upright at its end (or entirely) to aid in dumping; some are heated by exhaust gases to prevent loads from sticking or freezing to the bed;
• Having a driver's cab narrower than its body;
• No axle suspension;
• Limited speed and operating range;
• Special off-road only tires;
• A ratio of dead weight to payload not exceeding 1:1.6^{[citation needed]}

Most large haul trucks use some form of traction motors coupled to regenerative brakings for power, braking, or both.

Haul trucks are classified by:

• Type of unloading (dump or rear-eject);
• Direction of discharge (side, rear);
• Type of body (hopper, platform, sliding hopper, sliding platform).

Ultra class

The world's largest ultra class haul truck, the Belarusian 496-short-ton (443-long-ton) BelAZ 75710

The largest, highest-payload-capacity haul trucks are referred to as ultra class trucks. The ultra class includes all haul trucks with a payload capacity of 300 short tons (270 long tons) or greater.^[4] As of October 2013^[update], the BelAZ 75710 has the highest payload capacity, 450 metric tons (440 long tons; 500 short tons).^[5]

Notable examples

Ultra-Class Haul Trucks

image	model	manufacturer	first model	number built	capacity	propulsion type	notes
	BelAZ 75710	BelAZ	2013		496 short tons (443 long tons)	diesel-electric	Employs 8 tires, on two axles, with all-wheel drive, and all-wheel steering.
	Liebherr T 282B	Liebherr	2004		400 short tons (360 long tons)	diesel-electric
	Bucyrus MT6300AC	Bucyrus International	2008		400 short tons (360 long tons)	diesel-electric	Firm was acquired by Caterpillar in 2010.
	Caterpillar 797	Caterpillar	1997		360 short tons (320 long tons)	diesel-mechanical	The 797F model has an increased capacity of 400 short tons.
	Komatsu 960E-1	Komatsu America Corp.	2008		360 short tons (320 long tons)	diesel-electric
	Belaz 75600	BelAZ	2005		350 short tons (310 long tons)	diesel-electric
	Terex 33-19 "Titan"	General Motors Diesel Division	1973	1	350 short tons (310 long tons)	diesel-electric	Prototype, only 1 built
	Komatsu 930E	Komatsu America Corp.	1995	2,100	320 short tons (290 long tons)	diesel-electric	Number built as of September, 2018

See also

• Articulated hauler
• Dumper
• Haul road
• Rear-eject haul truck bodies
• Unit Rig

Notes

1. Mining Trucks 789D, cat.com
2. Off-Highway Trucks from Caterpillar 2009.
3. "CATERPILLAR 775G OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCK". ConstructionEquipment.com. May 16, 2011. Archived from the original on July 14, 2018. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
4. Orleman 2000, p. 15.
5. Rogan, Alexander (5 March 2013). "BelAZ to build 450-tonne dump truck in 2013". Archived from the original on 28 September 2013.

References

• Orleman, Eric C. (2000-11-10). Johnson, Paul (ed.). Building Giant Earthmovers. Motorbooks Colortech. United States of America: MBI Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-7603-0640-6. Retrieved 2010-03-02. The ultra-hauler class includes trucks with a capacity rating of 300 tons and above.
• "Off-Highway Trucks from Caterpillar". Caterpillar Website. Caterpillar Inc. 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-09-24. Retrieved 2009-10-21. Developed specifically for high production mining and heavy-duty construction applications ...