HMS Tribune (1918)

HMS Tribune was an S-class destroyer that served with the Royal Navy during the Russian Civil War. Launched in 1918, the vessel entered service with the Aegean Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet. Tribune saw no action during the First World War but was involved in supporting the evacuation of refugees from the Russian Civil War, particularly from Crimea in 1920 and 1921. The ship also visited Constantinople in 1920 and 1922 during the Turkish War of Independence. In 1923, the destroyer was transferred to the Atlantic Fleet. In 1929, the ship took part in simulated amphibious warfare with the Territorial Army. In 1930, the signing of the London Naval Treaty required the Royal Navy to retire older destroyers before acquiring new ones. Tribune was one of those chosen for retirement and, in 1931, the destroyer was sold to be broken up.

Sister ship Tara in 1918
History
United Kingdom
Name	Tribune
Namesake	Tribune
Ordered	7 April 1917
Builder	J. Samuel White, East Cowes
Yard number	1506
Laid down	21 August 1917
Launched	28 March 1918
Completed	16 July 1918
Out of service	17 December 1931
Fate	Sold to be broken up
General characteristics
Class and type	S-class destroyer
Displacement	1,075 long tons (1,092 t) normal 1,220 long tons (1,240 t) deep load
Length	265 ft (81 m) p.p.
Beam	26 ft 8 in (8.13 m)
Draught	9 ft 10 in (3.00 m) mean
Propulsion	3 White-Forster boilers 2 geared Brown-Curtis steam turbines, 27,000 shaft horsepower (20,000 kW)
Speed	36 knots (41 mph; 67 km/h)
Range	2,750 nmi (5,090 km) at 15 kn (28 km/h)
Complement	90
Armament	3 × single QF 4 in (102 mm) Mark IV guns 1 × single 2-pdr 40 mm (1.6 in) Mk. II AA gun 2 × twin 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes (2×2)

Design and development

Main article: S-class destroyer

Tribune was one of thirty-three S class destroyers ordered by the British Admiralty on 7 April 1917 as part of the Twelfth War Construction Programme. The design was a development of the R class introduced as a cheaper and faster alternative to the V and W class.^[1] Differences with the R class were minor, such as having the searchlight moved aft.^[2]

Tribune had a overall length of 276 ft (84 m) and a length of 265 ft (81 m) between perpendiculars. Beam was 26 ft 8 in (8.13 m) and draught 9 ft 10 in (3.00 m). Displacement was 1,075 long tons (1,092 t) normal and 1,220 long tons (1,240 t) deep load. Three White-Forster boilers fed steam to two sets of Brown-Curtis geared steam turbines rated at 27,000 shaft horsepower (20,000 kW) and driving two shafts, giving a design speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph) at normal loading and 32.5 knots (60.2 km/h; 37.4 mph) at deep load. Two funnels were fitted. The ship carried 301 long tons (306 t) of fuel oil, which gave a design range of 2,750 nautical miles (5,090 km; 3,160 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).^[3]

Armament consisted of three QF 4-inch (102 mm) Mk IV guns on the ship's centreline.^[4] One was mounted raised on the forecastle, one on a platform between the funnels and one aft.^[5] The ship also mounted a single 2-pounder 40-millimetre (1.6 in) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft gun for air defence. Four 21-inch (533 mm) tubes were fitted in two twin rotating mounts aft.^[4] The ship was designed to mount two 18-inch (457 mm) torpedo tubes either side of the superstructure to be controlled by the officer in charge directly, but this required the forecastle plating to be cut away. This made the vessel very wet, so they were removed.^[2] The weight saved enabled the heavier Mark V 21-inch torpedo to be carried.^[1] Four depth charge chutes were fitted aft.^[6] The ship had a complement of 90 officers and ratings.^[7]

Construction and career

Ordered on 7 April 1917, Tribune was laid down by J. Samuel White at East Cowes on the Isle of Wight with the yard number 1506 on 21 August, and launched on 28 March the following year.^[8] The ship was completed on 16 July.^[9] The vessel was the fifth to carry the name, which recalled the tribunes of ancient Rome.^[10] On commissioning, Tribune joined the Aegean Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet.^[11]

With the First World War closing, the destroyer saw no action before the Armistice, and remained in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the Sixth Destroyer Flotilla.^[12] By this time, the increasingly belligerent Russian Civil War led the Royal Navy to send ships into the Black Sea to support the White Russian forces and manage the refugee crisis that arose from the conflict, including the evacuation of the Crimea. Tribune was sent to Karkinit Bay in the Crimea in January 1920.^[13] At the same time, the war between Greece and Turkey was escalating and the Turkish War of Independence had broken out.^[14] On 27 March, the destroyer accompanied the seaplane carrier Ark Royal and the battleship Royal Oak on a visit to Constantinople.^[15] The Allies had taken over the running of the city, and much of the force supporting the White Russians was now diverted to this new threat.^[16]

On 8 December 1921, Tribune was dispatched to Mykolaiv in one of the last naval operations in the Russian conflict.^[17] Although there is a lack of contemporary evidence for how Tribune was involved in the actual evacuation, the operation was considered a success by contemporaries.^[18] On 1 December the follow year, the destroyer was again stationed in Constantinople.^[19] The recent Chanak Crisis had shaken the British ruling class and, along with the Carlton Club meeting, led to the fall of the government of David Lloyd George.^[14] The destroyer was sent to Chanak on 2 December, but saw no action and returned to Malta the following day.^[20]

January 1923 found Tribune still in the Mediterranean.^[21] Soon afterwards, the destroyer returned to the UK and was decommissioned. On 21 September, Tribune was recommissioned and subsequently joined the Seventh Destroyer Flotilla of the Atlantic Fleet.^[22] The ship then served for a further eight years based at Portsmouth. On 8 August 1929, Tribune took part in a war game around Telscombe, which involved simulated amphibious warfare, combining units from the Royal Navy and the London Regiment of the Territorial Army.^[23] On 26 June 1930, the destroyer transported attendees to the Imperial Press Conference to see a demonstration of naval power. The destroyer launched a torpedo at the target ship Ross and was attacked by the submarine L25. The torpedoes ran under their targets, leaving them unharmed but simulated hits.^[24] On 7 October, the ship carried some of the coffins of the victims of the R101 disaster back to Britain from France.^[25]

On 22 April 1930, the United Kingdom had signed the London Naval Treaty, which limited the total destroyer tonnage that the navy could operate.^[26] The S class was deemed out of date and ripe to be replaced with more modern ships, including the C and D-class destroyers. In July 1931, Tribune was replaced as emergency destroyer at Portsmouth, with Tribune's crew transferring to sister ship Sabre.^[27] On 17 December, the destroyer was sold to Cashmore of Newport, Wales, and broken up.^[10]

Pennant numbers

Penant numbers

Pennant number	Date
F9A	November 1918[28]
F33	January 1919[29]
D16	January 1922[30]

References

Citations

1. Preston 1985, p. 85.
2. March 1966, p. 221.
3. Friedman 2009, p. 297.
4. Preston 1985, p. 84.
5. Friedman 2009, p. 163.
6. Friedman 2009, p. 236.
7. Parkes & Prendergast 1969, p. 107.
8. Williams & Sprake 1993, p. 719.
9. Williams & Sprake 1993, p. 36.
10. Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 359.
11. "XV Mediterranean". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 23. October 1918. Retrieved 11 October 2021 – via National Library of Scotland.
12. "VII Mediterranean". The Navy List: 712. January 1921. Retrieved 11 October 2021 – via National Library of Scotland.
13. Halpern 2019, p. 142.
14. Clapson 2009, p. 141.
15. "Naval Intelligence: The Ark Royal". The Times. No. 42376. 5 April 1920. p. 14.
16. Snook 1989, p. 40.
17. Halpern 2019, p. 16.
18. Halpern 2019, p. 132.
19. "British Warships in the Near East: Concentration off Constantinople". The Times. No. 43204. 2 December 1922. p. 10.
20. "News in Brief: Transport Movements". The Times. No. 43205. 5 December 1922. p. 11.
21. "Warship Movements". The Times. No. 43240. 16 January 1923. p. 18.
22. "Destroyer Flotillas of the Atlantic Fleet". The Navy List: 276. April 1925.
23. "Territorial Army Training: Invasion of Sussex". The Times. No. 45277. 9 August 1929. p. 6.
24. "Naval Battle at Portsmouth". The Times. No. 45550. 27 June 1930. p. 8.
25. "Farewell of France: At Boulogne, Soil of France in the Falling Dusk". The Times. No. 45638. 8 October 1930. p. 14.
26. Friedman 2009, p. 211.
27. "Naval, Military, And Air Force: Flotilla Changes". The Times. No. 45879. 20 July 1931. p. 7.
28. Dittmar & Colledge 1972, p. 74.
29. Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 47.
30. Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 34.

Bibliography

• Bush, Steve; Warlow, Ben (2021). Pendant Numbers of the Royal Navy: A Complete History of the Allocation of Pendant Numbers to Royal Navy Warships & Auxiliaries. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-526793-78-2.
• Clapson, Mark (2009). The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Twentieth Century. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-41527-535-4.
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006). Ships of the Royal Navy: A Complete Record of all Fighting ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th century to the Present. London: Chatham. ISBN 978-1-85367-566-9.
• Dittmar, F.J.; Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 978-0-71100-380-4.
• Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the First World War. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
• Halpern, Paul (2019). The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919-1929. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-91142-387-4.
• March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.
• Parkes, Oscar; Prendergast, Maurice (1969). Jane's Fighting Ships 1919. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. OCLC 907574860.
• Preston, Antony (1985). "Great Britain and Empire Forces". In Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 1–104. ISBN 978-0-85177-245-5.
• Snook, David (1989). "British Naval Operations in the Black Sea 1918-1920: Part I". Warship International. 26 (1): 36–50.
• Williams, David L.; Sprake, Raymond F. (1993). White's of Cowes : "White's-built, well-built!". Peterborough: Silver Link. ISBN 978-1-85794-011-4.