Guan County, Shandong

Guan County (simplified Chinese: 冠县; traditional Chinese: 冠縣; pinyin: Guàn Xiàn) is a county of western Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordered by Hebei province to the west. It is administered by Liaocheng City.

Guanxian 冠县
County
Guanxian Location of the seat in Shandong
Coordinates: 36.484°N 115.443°E / 36.484; 115.443
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Shandong
Prefecture-level city	Liaocheng
Area [1]
• Total	1,161 km2 (448 sq mi)
Population  (2019)[2]
• Total	793,100
• Density	680/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal Code	252500

Guanxian
Traditional Chinese	冠縣
Simplified Chinese	冠县
Postal	Kwanhsien
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Guàn Xiàn[3] Wade–Giles Kuan4-hsien4

The population was 730,300 in 1999.^[4]

History

As an isolated county, with relatively low education levels and a weak orthodox gentry,^[5] Guan long served as center for secret societies and heterodox sects. For example Guan was one of the earliest places where Yi-he boxing was practised, namely in 1779. This material arts style later served as base for the prominent Yìhéquán (Boxer) movement. In 1861–63, the county was also the center of a rebellion against the Qing dynasty, led by Song Jing-shi and supported by the White Lotus.^[6] In the last decades of the Qing Empire and the early Republic, Guan County was home to the Red as well as Green Gangs, the Yellow Sand Society, and the "Way of the Sages".^[5]

Administrative divisions

As of 2012, this County is divided to 3 subdistricts, 7 towns and 8 townships.^[7]

Subdistricts

• Qingquan Subdistrict (清泉街道)
• Chongwen Subdistrict (崇文街道)
• Yanzhuang Subdistrict (烟庄街道)

Towns

Jia (贾镇) Sang'e (桑阿镇) Liulin (柳林镇) Qingshui (清水镇)

Donggucheng (东古城镇) Beiguantao (北馆陶镇) Dianzi (店子镇)

Townships

Xiedian Township (斜店乡) Liangtang Township (梁堂乡) Dingyuanzhai Township (定远寨乡) Xinji Township (辛集乡)

Fanzhai Township (范寨乡) Ganguantun Township (甘官屯乡) Lanwo Township (兰沃乡) Wanshan Township (万善乡)

Climate

Climate data for Guanxian, elevation 39 m (128 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	4.0 (39.2)	8.3 (46.9)	14.9 (58.8)	21.4 (70.5)	27.0 (80.6)	31.9 (89.4)	32.0 (89.6)	30.5 (86.9)	27.1 (80.8)	21.3 (70.3)	12.7 (54.9)	5.7 (42.3)	19.7 (67.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−1.5 (29.3)	2.2 (36.0)	8.6 (47.5)	15.1 (59.2)	20.8 (69.4)	25.7 (78.3)	27.1 (80.8)	25.6 (78.1)	20.9 (69.6)	14.5 (58.1)	6.6 (43.9)	0.2 (32.4)	13.8 (56.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−5.6 (21.9)	−2.3 (27.9)	3.3 (37.9)	9.5 (49.1)	15.0 (59.0)	20.1 (68.2)	23.0 (73.4)	21.8 (71.2)	16.2 (61.2)	9.4 (48.9)	1.9 (35.4)	−3.8 (25.2)	9.0 (48.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	3.7 (0.15)	8.6 (0.34)	10.1 (0.40)	28.4 (1.12)	38.7 (1.52)	68.4 (2.69)	154.6 (6.09)	117.6 (4.63)	47.9 (1.89)	31.0 (1.22)	19.1 (0.75)	5.0 (0.20)	533.1 (21)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	2.1	3.3	2.8	5.0	6.4	7.7	10.9	9.9	6.7	5.2	4.3	2.6	66.9
Average snowy days	2.7	2.8	0.8	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.0	2.1	9.6
Average relative humidity (%)	62	57	53	59	64	62	78	82	76	71	69	66	67
Mean monthly sunshine hours	132.0	145.0	196.8	219.6	246.9	218.8	179.6	184.3	180.1	175.1	145.0	135.0	2,158.2
Percentage possible sunshine	43	47	53	56	56	50	41	44	49	51	48	45	49
Source: China Meteorological Administration[8][9]