Grylloblatta

Grylloblatta is a genus of insects in the family Grylloblattidae. It contains 15 species, including Grylloblatta chirurgica, almost exclusively from high-altitude and high-latitude regions of the United States and Canada, living in ice caves and glaciers.^[1]

Grylloblatta
Grylloblatta campodeiformis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Grylloblattodea
Family:	Grylloblattidae
Genus:	Grylloblatta Walker, 1914
Species
15 species

Grylloblatta oregonensis

The genus was first described by Edmund Walker in 1914, based on a single species, Grylloblatta campodeiformis.^[2]

Species

These 15 species belong to the genus Grylloblatta:

• Grylloblatta barberi Caudell, 1924 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta bifratrilecta Gurney, 1953 ^{i c g b}
• Grylloblatta campodeiformis E. M. Walker, 1914 ^{i c g b} (northern rock crawler)
• Grylloblatta chandleri Kamp, 1963 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta chintimini Marshall & Lytle, 2015 ^{i c g b}
• Grylloblatta chirurgica Gurney, 1961 ^{i c g b} (Mount St Helens' grylloblattid)
• Grylloblatta gurneyi Kamp, 1963 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta marmoreus Schoville, 2012 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta newberryensis Marshall and Lytle, 2015 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta oregonensis Schoville, 2012 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta rothi Gurney, 1953 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta scudderi Kamp, 1979 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta sculleni Gurney, 1937 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta siskiyouensis Schoville, 2012 ^{i c g}
• Grylloblatta washoa Gurney, 1961 ^{i c g}

Data sources: i = ITIS,^[3] c = Catalogue of Life,^[4] g = GBIF,^[5] b = Bugguide.net^[6]

Novel species

Based on genetic studies and other evidence, Schoville (2013) identifies the following as potential new species.^[7]

• Grylloblatta sp. "South Ice Cave" – Deschutes County
• Grylloblatta sp. "Glacier Peak"
• Grylloblatta sp. "Mount Rainier"
• Grylloblatta sp. "Sawyer's Ice Cave 1" – Linn County and Yakima County
• Grylloblatta sp. "Sawyer's Ice Cave 2" – Linn County
• Grylloblatta sp. "Trout Lake Caves" – Klickitat County
• Grylloblatta sp. "Central Sierra Nevada" – Sixty Lake Basin, Fresno County
• Grylloblatta sp. "Tioga Crest" – Yosemite National Park and Inyo National Forest
• Grylloblatta sp. "Graveyard Lake" – Sierra National Forest
• Grylloblatta sp. "Ostrander Lake" – Yosemite National Park
• Grylloblatta sp. "Southwest Sierra Nevada" – Sequoia National Park and environs
• Grylloblatta sp. "Lilburn cave" – Sequoia National Park
• Grylloblatta sp. "Trinity Mountains" – Shasta–Trinity National Forest
• Grylloblatta sp. nov. "Olympic Mountains" – Olympic National Forest, near The Brothers
• Grylloblatta sp. "Mount Spokane"
• Grylloblatta sp. "Polaris Peak" – Coeur d'Alene National Forest

Life cycle

Individuals have lifespans of between 6 and 10 years.^[8]

References

1. Schoville, Sean D.; Graening, G. O. (2013). "Updated checklist of the ice-crawlers (Insecta: Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) of North America, with notes on their natural history, biogeography and conservation". Zootaxa. 3737 (4): 351–378. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25112759.
2. Walker, Edmund (1914). "A new species of Orthoptera, forming a new genus and family". The Canadian Entomologist. 46 (3): 93–99. doi:10.4039/ent4693-3. S2CID 85329926. Retrieved 2014-12-19.
3. "Grylloblatta Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
4. "Browse Grylloblatta". Catalogue of Life. Archived from the original on 2019-07-22. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
5. "Grylloblatta". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
6. "Grylloblatta Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
7. Schoville, Sean D.; Graening, G. O. (2013-11-21). "Updated checklist of the ice-crawlers (Insecta: Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) of North America, with notes on their natural history, biogeography and conservation". Zootaxa. 3737 (4). Magnolia Press: 351–378. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25112759.
8. Wipfler, Benjamin; Bai, Ming; Schoville, Sean; Dallai, Romano; Uchifune, Toshiki; Machida, Ryuichiro; Cui, Yingying; Beutel, Rolf G. (2014-01-20). "Ice Crawlers (Grylloblattodea) – the history of the investigation of a highly unusual group of insects". Journal of Insect Biodiversity. 2 (2): 1–25. doi:10.12976/jib/2014.2.2. ISSN 2147-7612. S2CID 84729486. Retrieved 2021-12-12.