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Genetic intron in some protists From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Group III intron is a class of introns found in mRNA genes of chloroplasts in euglenid protists. They have a conventional group II-type dVI with a bulged adenosine, a streamlined dI, no dII-dV, and a relaxed splice site consensus.[1]: fig. 2 Splicing is done with two transesterification reactions with a dVI bulged adenosine as initiating nucleophile; the intron is excised as a lariat.[2] Not much is known about how they work,[1] although an isolated chloroplast transformation system has been constructed.[3]
In 1984, Montandon and Stutz reported examples of a novel type of introns in Euglena chloroplast.[4] In 1989, David A. Christopher and Richard B. Hallick found a few more examples and proposed the name "Group III introns" to identify this new class with the following characteristics:[5]
In 1994, discovery of a group III intron with a length of one order of magnitude longer indicated that length alone is not the determinant of splicing in Group III introns.[2]
Splicing of group III introns occurs through lariat and circular RNA formation.[2] Similarities between group III and nuclear introns include conserved 5' boundary sequences, lariat formation, lack of internal structure, and ability to use alternate splice boundaries.[1]
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