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The Simón Bolívar Great Patriotic Pole (Spanish: Gran Polo Patriótico Simón Bolívar, GPPSB[1]), or just the Great Patriotic Pole (Spanish: Gran Polo Patriótico, GPP), is a left-wing socialist and Chavista electoral alliance/popular front of Venezuelan political parties created in 2012 to support the re-election of Hugo Chávez in the 2012 presidential election.[2]
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Simón Bolívar Great Patriotic Pole Gran Polo Patriótico Simón Bolívar | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | GPPSB; GPP |
| Leader | Nicolás Maduro |
| Founder | Hugo Chávez |
| Founded | 7 October 2011 |
| Ideology | Bolivarianism Chavismo Marxism Communism Left-wing nationalism Left-wing populism Socialism of the 21st century Anti-imperialism Anti-capitalism Anti-Americanism |
| Political position | Left-wing to Far-left |
| Colors | Orange, blue, red, yellow |
| Seats in the National Assembly | 253 / 277 |
| Governors of States | 19 / 23 |
| Mercosur | 18 / 23 |
| Mayors | 306 / 337 |
| Website | |
| granpolopatriotico.org.ve (archived) | |
The GPP is currently composed of the following political parties:
| Party | Spanish name | Leader | Ideology | National Assembly | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Socialist Party of Venezuela | Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela | Nicolás Maduro as President Diosdado Cabello as Parliamentary Leader |
Chavismo Bolivarianism Socialism of the 21st century |
219 / 277 |
Majority |
| Fatherland for All (section) | Patria Para Todos | — | Democratic socialism Libertarian Marxism |
8 / 277 | |
| Tupamaro (section) | Tendencias Unificadas Para Alcanzar el Movimiento de Acción Revolucionaria Organizada | — | Communism Marxism–Leninism Guevarism Foco theory Revolutionary socialism |
7 / 277 | |
| For Social Democracy | Por la Democracia Social | Didalco Bolívar | Social democracy | 4 / 277 | |
| Republican Bicentennial Vanguard | Vanguardia Bicentenaria Republicana | — | Bolivarianism | 0 / 277 | |
| Venezuelan Popular Unity | Unidad Popular Venezolana | — | Anti-imperialism | 2 / 277 | |
| Alliance for Change | Alianza para el Cambio | Carlos Vargas | Social democracy | 3 / 277 | |
| People's Electoral Movement | Movimiento Electoral del Pueblo | — | Left-wing populism | 3 / 277 | |
| Organized Socialist Party in Venezuela | Partido Socialista Organizado en Venezuela | Fernando Lisboa | Democratic socialism | 0 / 277 | |
| Movement We Are Venezuela | Movimiento Somos Venezuela | Delcy Rodríguez | Left-wing nationalism | 5 / 277 | |
| Networks Party | Partido Redes | Juan Barreto | Chavismo | 0 / 277 | |
| Authentic Renewal Organization | Organización Renovadora –Auténtica | — | Christian democracy | 2 / 277 | |
| Venezuelan Revolutionary Currents | Corrientes Revolucionarias Venezolanas | Ramsés Colmenares (es) | Communism | 0 / 277 | |
| Not members, but politically support the GPP | |||||
| Revolutionary Middle Class | Clase Media Revolucionaria | Reinaldo Quijada | Chavismo | 0 / 277 |
Not in government |
| Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela | Partido Comunista Marxista-Leninista de Venezuela | — | Communism Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-Revisionism |
0 / 277 | |
| Worker's Party | Partido de los Trabajadores | — | — | 0 / 277 | |
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Parliamentary
| National Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Election year | # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader |
| 2015 | 5,625,248 (#2) | 40.9 | 55 / 167 |
 55 |
Diosdado Cabello |
| 2020 | 4,317,819 (#1) | 69.3 | 253 / 277 |
198 |
Diosdado Cabello |
Presidential
| Election year | Name | First Round | Second Round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall votes |
% of overall vote | ||
| 2012 | Hugo Chávez | 8,191,132 | 55.1 (#1) | ||
| Member of "United Socialist Party of Venezuela" party in coalition. Winner | |||||
| 2013 | Nicolás Maduro | 7,587,579 | 50.6 (#1) | ||
| Member of "United Socialist Party of Venezuela" party in coalition. Winner | |||||
| 2018 (disputed) |
Nicolás Maduro | 6,205,875 | 67.8 (#1) | ||
| Member of "United Socialist Party of Venezuela" party in coalition. Winner | |||||
| 2024 (disputed) |
Nicolás Maduro | 6,408,844 | 51.95 (#1) | ||
| Member of "United Socialist Party of Venezuela" party in coalition. Winner | |||||
Regional
Municipal
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- Democratic Unity Roundtable – the opposing electoral alliance
- Popular Revolutionary Alternative – a breakaway electoral alliance
a Also includes some centre-left parties and one right-wing party, but is dominated by the left-wing other than on social policies such as abortion and LGBT rights.
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