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American artist From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gordon Matta-Clark (born Gordon Roberto Matta-Echaurren; June 22, 1943[1] – August 27, 1978) was an American artist best known for site-specific artworks he made in the 1970s. He was also a pioneer in the field of socially engaged food art.[2]
Gordon Matta-Clark | |
|---|---|
Opening the doors of FOOD in 1971. Matta-Clark on the right | |
| Born | Gordon Roberto Matta-Echaurren June 22, 1943 New York City, U.S. |
| Died | August 27, 1978 (aged 35) New York City, U.S. |
| Occupation | Artist |
| Spouse | Jane Crawford (1977-1978; his death) |
Matta-Clark's parents were artists: Anne Clark, an American artist, and Roberto Matta, a Chilean Surrealist painter, of Basque, French and Spanish descent. He was the godson of Marcel Duchamp's wife, Teeny.[3] His twin brother Sebastian, also an artist, died by suicide in 1976.[4] They both are survived by another brother, the artist/musiciam Ramuntcho Matta, who resides in Paris.[5]
Gordon studied architecture at Cornell University from 1962 to 1968, including a year at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he studied French literature. In 1971, he changed his name to Gordon Matta-Clark, adopting his mother's last name.[6] He did not practice as a conventional architect; he worked on what he referred to as "Anarchitecture".[7] At the time of Matta-Clark's tenure there, Cornell's architecture program was guided in part by Colin Rowe,[8] a preeminent architectural theorist of modernism.[9]
Matta-Clark used a number of media to document his work, including film, video, and photography. His work includes performance art and recycling pieces, space and texture works, and his building cuts. He also used puns and other word games as a way to re-conceptualize preconditioned roles and relationships (of everything, from people to architecture).[10]
In February, 1969, the Earth Art show, curated by Willoughby Sharp at the invitation of Tom Leavitt, was realized at Andrew Dickson White Museum of Art at Cornell University. Matta-Clark, who lived in Ithaca, New York at the time, was invited by Sharp to help the artists in Earth Art with the on-site execution of their works for the exhibition. Willoughby Sharp then encouraged Gordon Matta-Clark to move to New York City where he introduce him to members of the postminimal New York art world, lated featuring him in Avalanche Magazine. In the Fall of 1970, Matta-Clark's work Museum, that was shown at Klaus Kertess' Bykert Gallery, was listed and illustrated on pages 4–5 of Avalanche #1.
In 1971 Matta-Clark, Carol Goodden, and Tina Girouard co-founded FOOD, an artist's restaurant in Manhattan's Soho neighborhood that was owned, managed and staffed by post-minimalist artists.[11] The restaurant turned dining into an event with an open kitchen and exotic ingredients that celebrated cooking. The activities at FOOD helped delineate how the art community defined itself in downtown Manhattan.[7] The first of its kind in SoHo, Food became well known among artists and was a central meeting-place for groups such as the Philip Glass Ensemble, Mabou Mines, and the dancers of Grand Union. He ran FOOD until 1973.[12]
In the early 1970s and in the context of his artistic community surrounding FOOD, Matta-Clark developed the idea of "anarchitecture" - a conflation of the words anarchy and architecture - to suggest an interest in voids, gaps, and left-over spaces.[13] With his project Fake Estates, Matta-Clark addressed these issues of non-sites by purchasing at auction 15 leftover and unusably small slivers of land in Queens and Staten Island, New York, for $25–$75 a plot. He documented them through photographs, maps, bureaucratic records and deeds, and spoke and wrote about them - but was not able to occupy these residual elements of zoning irregularities in any other way.[14]
In 1974, he performed a literal deconstruction, by removing the facade of a condemned house along the Love Canal, and moving the resulting walls to Artpark, in his work Bingo.[15][16]
For the Biennale de Paris in 1975, he made the piece titled Conical Intersect by cutting a large cone-shaped hole through two townhouses dating from the 17th century in the market district known as Les Halles which were to be knocked down in order to construct the then-controversial Centre Georges Pompidou.[17] Also in 1975 he did a similar art intervention named "Days End, Conical Inversion" by cutting a round aperture into the structure at Pier 52 on the Hudson River in Manhattan.[18]
For his final major project, Circus or The Caribbean Orange (1978), Matta-Clark made circle cuts in the walls and floors of a townhouse next-door to the first Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, building (237 East Ontario Street), thus altering the space entirely.[19][20]
Following his 1978 project, the MCA presented two retrospectives of Matta-Clark's work, in 1985 and in 2008.[21] The 2008 exhibition You Are the Measure included never-before-displayed archival material of his 1978 Chicago project. You Are the Measure traveled to the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles.[22]
Matta-Clark died from pancreatic cancer on August 27, 1978, aged 35, in New York City.[23] He was survived by his widow, Jane Crawford. The Gordon Matta-Clark Archive is housed at the Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal.[24][25]
In 2019, his 1974 piece Splitting was cited by The New York Times as one of the 25 works of art that defined the contemporary age.[26]
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