Golubac

Village and municipality in Southern and Eastern Serbia, Serbia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Golubacmap

Golubac (Serbian Cyrillic: Голубац, pronounced [ɡǒlubats]; Romanian: Golubăț) is a village and municipality located in the Braničevo District of eastern Serbia. Situated on the right side of the Danube river, it is bordered by Romania to the east, Veliko Gradište to the west and Kučevo to the south. The population of the village is 1,445 and the population of the municipality is 6,599. Due to many nearby archeological sites and the Đerdap national park, the village is a popular tourist, fishing and sailing destination.

Quick Facts Голубац (Serbian), Country ...
Golubac
Голубац (Serbian)
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Town Center
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Location of the municipality of Golubac within Serbia
Coordinates: 44°39′N 21°38′E
Country Serbia
RegionSouthern and Eastern Serbia
DistrictBraničevo
Settlements24
Government
  MayorNebojša Miović (SNS)
Area
  Town41.74 km2 (16.12 sq mi)
  Municipality367.29 km2 (141.81 sq mi)
Elevation
72 m (236 ft)
Population
 (2022 census)[2]
  Town
1,445
  Town density35/km2 (90/sq mi)
  Municipality
6,599
  Municipality density18/km2 (47/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
12223
Area code+381(0)12
Car platesPO
ClimateCfb
Websitewww.golubac.org.rs
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Name

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View of Golubac Fortress from Danube

In Serbian, the town is known as Golubac (Голубац), derived from golub ("pigeon" or "dove") and is therefore often translated as "the town of doves." Other names: Romanian: Golubăț (also known as Golumbacu Mare or Columbacu), Hungarian: Galambóc, German: Taubenberg and Turkish: Güvercinlik meaning "dovecote."

Historically, it was known as Columbria in Latin, a contraction of (castrum) Columbaria meaning "city of pigeons" (Latin: Columba, Greek: kòlymbos), and as a city derived from Cuppae during pre-Roman times.

History

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Perspective

It was a stronghold called Cuppae during Roman and Early Byzantine times (1-6th century) and turned into a city (Columbria) in 554/5 AD.[3]

Archeological sites include the remnants of one of Roman Emperor Trajan's tables near Trajan's Bridge, found along his road through the Danube's Iron Gates; and the Roman fortress Diana. Golubac fortress, 4 km downstream, is from the 14th century and also of interest.

Charles I of Hungary conquered the castle in 1334. Lazar of Serbia besieged it and acquired it, possibly in 1382. The Turks occupied it for the first time following the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, lost it to the Hungarian captain Péter Perényi in 1391, then recaptured it later the same year. King Sigismund of Hungary took over the fortress in 1392. When Lazar's son Stefan Lazarević became a Hungarian vassal in 1403–04, he received large possessions from King Sigismund, including the important fortresses of Belgrade and Golubac. A contract between King Sigismund and Stefan in 1426 stipulated that the king was to receive Golubac back on Stefan's death, but its Serbian captain, Jeremija, sold it to the Turks for twelve thousand golden coins. Sigismund besieged the fortress in spring 1428 in response, but the siege was a failure, and the King himself was almost killed by the advancing troops of the Ottoman sultan Murad II. The Polish knight Zawisza Czarny was captured and executed by the Turks. Golubac remained in Ottoman hands until the Peace of Szeged in 1444, when it was ceded to the Serbian despot Đurađ Branković. In 1458, it was reclaimed by the Turks. King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary tried to recapture it, but the siege was interrupted by Hungarian internal conflicts. When Matthias finally succeeded in taking over the fortress in 1481, he evacuated it soon thereafter. It remained under Ottoman rule until the 19th century, with few interruptions (notably, Habsburg Austrian rule in 1688–1690). By the 18th century, the civilian settlement associated with the fortress was described as a prosperous town.

Modern Serbia definitively acquired Golubac from the Ottoman Empire in 1868. From 1929 to 1941, Golubac was part of the Morava Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census results, the municipality of Golubac has a population of 8,331 inhabitants.

More information Year, Pop. ...
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
194814,844    
195315,166+0.43%
196115,320+0.13%
197114,178−0.77%
198113,541−0.46%
199112,513−0.79%
20029,913−2.10%
20118,331−1.91%
Source: [4]
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Ethnic groups

The ethnic composition of the municipality:[5]

More information Ethnic group, Population ...
Ethnic group Population %
Serbs7,576 90.94%
Vlachs424 5.09%
Romani52 0.62%
Romanians47 0.56%
Yugoslavs13 0.16%
Montenegrins9 0.11%
Macedonians7 0.08%
Croats6 0.07%
Hungarians5 0.06%
Others192 2.30%
Total8,331
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Economy

The following table gives a preview of total number of employed people per their core activity (as of 2017):[6]

More information Activity, Total ...
Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing47
Mining45
Processing industry183
Distribution of power, gas and water1
Distribution of water and water waste management36
Construction39
Wholesale and retail, repair182
Traffic, storage and communication30
Hotels and restaurants90
Media and telecommunications3
Finance and insurance5
Property stock and charter-
Professional, scientific, innovative and technical activities38
Administrative and other services39
Administration and social assurance114
Education116
Healthcare and social work70
Art, leisure and recreation25
Other services30
Total1,091
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Tourism

The Iron Gate national park is noted for its natural environment and its hunting grounds, as well as its hiking trails.[citation needed] The village's quay along the Danube river is popular for more relaxed hiking.[citation needed]

Sailing

Golubac has become a well-known sailing site.[citation needed] The Sailing Center of the Sailing Association of Serbia, which the Serbian National Team uses for ground preparations before major sailing events, is located in Golubac. One of the events is a sailing Regatta, which is traditionally held in August. During the summer, the Center holds an Optimist Class sailing camp, where beginners can learn from the best Serbian sailors and their international guests.[citation needed]

See also

References

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