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The gold kiwifruit or yellow kiwi (t/a Kiwi Gold) is a variety of kiwifruit developed by the company Zespri International Ltd. The yellow kiwi is a different species (Actinidia chinensis), but of the same genus as, the green variety (Actinidia deliciosa).
| Gold kiwifruit | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Genus | Actinidia |
| Species | Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis |
| Marketing names | Kiwi Gold |
| Origin | New Zealand (1992) |
In 1977, New Zealand agronomists from Zespri International transported A. chinensis seeds from China to the Bay of Plenty in New Zealand, where green kiwifruit had been cultivated for years. After a selection process, in 1992 a selection was obtained that had yellow flesh and sweet pulp. It was designated as Hort-16A.[1]
Commercialization
In 1998, Zespri introduced the yellow kiwi in the Japanese market, and in 2000 in Europe.[1]
In terms of organoleptic properties, the yellow kiwi has a less hard texture, and its skin is finer, smoother and less rough than the green kiwi fruit. The yellow kiwi has a yellowish color and is sweeter.
In terms of size and weight, it does not show significant differences (between 5 and 8 cm long).[2]
Cultivation of the yellow variety is less widespread due in part to its high susceptibility to bacteriosis, especially canker (also known as PSA (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae)).[3] The first cultivar of gold kiwifruit, Hort16A, which is marketed internationally as ZespriGold,[4] suffered significant losses in New Zealand between 2010 and 2013 due to a PSA outbreak. In 2012, almost half of New Zealand's yellow kiwifruit was lost, so Zespri developed a new variety, SunGold.[5][6] A new variety called Zesy002 was discovered, which was resistant to PSA.[7]
Cultivars
Some varieties of yellow kiwi are:[3]
- AC1536 or Dori, a relative of Dori Europe developed by Consorzio Dori Europe, highly productive, yellow intense and very early variety
- A-19 or Enza Gold, the variety most similar to the green kiwifruit, both in acidity and in external appearance;
- Hort16A or Zespri Gold, the first variety of yellow kiwi;
- JB Gold or Kiwi Kiss, highly productive and large
- Jintao or Jin Gold, highly productive, smaller than Hort16A and of Chinese origin;
- Soreli, highly productive, of Italian origin;
- SunGold, a relative of Zespri Gold developed by Zespri;
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- Hayward, the most cultivated kiwifruit variety
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